经济学

The four-year master's program covers the subjects mathematics, mathematical statistics, insurance mathematics, financial mathematics, insurance law and insurance economics.

四年硕士课程包括：数学、数理统计、保险数学、金融数学、保险法和保险经济学。

Stochastic order and inequalities are being used at an accelerated rate in many areas, such as insurance mathematics, statistical physics,reliability theory, queue theory, etc.

随机序与不等式作为一种重要的研究方法，近年来在精算届受到了越来越多的重视。在统计学，可靠性，排队论，精算数学等研究领域，随机序都是不可或缺的决策工具。此外，在风险管理等经济学领域，随机序也为决策者提供了一种有效且可行的决策工具。

This dissertation focuses on the vector stochastic integral and its applicationsto mathematical finance. We first conduct a comprehensive study on VSI and provide aneconomical justification on the question of why VSI is more suitable than the component-wise stochastic integral for mathematical finance.

本论文以向量随机积分为主线，首先较为系统地研究了向量随机积分，给出了在金融数学中使用向量随机积分较之使用按分量的随机积分更合理的经济学解释。

The philosophical base of new institution economics is still intellectuality science.

新制度经济学在哲学基础上仍然是知性科学的。

Finance differentiated from the economics out to study the financial intermediation of the subjects.

金融学是从经济学分化出来的、研究资金融通的学科。

On this basis, by analyzing the internal logical relationship of the transformation of economic development, the optimization of the industrial structure and the independent innovation, a conclusion was drawn, which independent innovation is the key link of transforming the economic development.

运用发展经济学的原理和逻辑推理的方法，分析影响转变经济发展方式的四大因素，并在此基础上分析转变经济发展方式、产业结构优化和自主创新的内在逻辑关系，得出自主创新是转变经济发展方式的中心环节的结论。

In the analysis course of this thesis, the writer connects the competition ability of the bank with the costs and the effect of the compensation, and analyzes the compensation system as an internal variable. Then the human capital competition is upgraded in a quite high level.

本论文的一大创新之处在于将银行的竞争力与银行人力资本的激励成本、激励效果直接相联系，将银行人力资本激励制度作为一个内生变量进行经济学分析，从而将人力资本竞争在银行竞争中的地位提升到一个相当高的高度。

On the basis of an analysis of the present profile of automobile consumer credit in China,a discussion is done on the meaning of its development. This thesis introduces the development of the market of automobile consumer credit overseas, and finds out the reasons why overseas automobile consumer credit leads to the successful development of automobile industry. It also analyses the causes of the slump in the market of automobile consumer credit in the country in aspects of influential elements such as economy,policies,society,consumption norms and so on. It has a deep discussion on some obvious problems in this field. For example,the market of automobile consumer credit is of no scale; the prices of automobiles are high; taxes are heavy and expenses are too much; average residents still have low income and no definite balance between income and predicted expenses; there is no perfect social credit system and individual credit system; there is not enough awareness of credit among the public. Taking theories in the area of industrial economics into consideration,it proposes basic measures of promoting the development of consumer credit in China: building up a credited society,a perfect and sound personal credit system.With credit database as the platform,all parties will be able to share information,improve the credit database,relevant regulations and laws as well as a risk warning system,thus operation and management of the operating entities will be improved,the cost of the practice of consumer credit will be reduced; strengthen the innovation of present financial system,develop financial products corresponding to different groups of customers,improve services,perfect the mode of "bank+insurance+automobile agents",make full use of the interne,adopt the practice of turning credit into securities.

本文在我国现阶段汽车消费信贷现状分析的基础上，对大力发展汽车消费信贷的意义进行了讨论；通过分析国外汽车消费信贷市场的发展概况，解析出国外汽车消费信贷促进汽车产业发展成功的原因；从影响汽车消费信贷市场发展的有关因素如经济环境、政策环境、社会环境和消费习惯等方面分析了我国汽车消费信贷市场现状低迷的症结所在；对中国汽车消费信贷市场的一些明显问题，如汽车消费市场尚未形成规模，汽车价格偏高，税费和使用费用负担沉重，相对较低的居民收入与预期收支不确定，社会信用体系尚未建立，个人信用制度缺失，公众信用意识淡薄等方面进行了深入探讨；立足于产业经济学理论，提出了构建信用社会，建立健全和完善个人信用体系，建立个人资信评估机构和登记制度，引入专业的资信中介机构，以信用数据库平台为基础，各方共享资源，组建客户信用数据平台，完善法规制度建设，建立健全汽车信贷消费的法律体系，建立风险预警机制，提高汽车消费信贷经营主体的经营管理水平，降低汽车信贷业务成本，加大金融制度创新的力度，开发适合不同消费群体的金融产品，提高服务质量，完善"银行+保险+汽车经销商"的汽车信贷模式，充分利用互联网、实行贷款证券化等促进我国汽车消费信贷发展的基本措施。

With time passing and space expanded, the economization of international politics and the politicization of international economy tend to interpenetrate each other increasingly, leading to the maturity of the main schools of IPE and its core principles.

随着时间的推移和空间的延展，特别是国际政治经济化与国际经济政治化的日益明显和相互渗透，国际政治经济学的主要流派与其核心原理日臻完善和成熟。

The interrelation between tax and economic growth is an important issue in the economic study.

税收增长与经济增长关系问题是经济学研究的一个重要课题。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。