经济基础

The present thesis adopts Iseult Honohan's six basic elements of republicanism as a theoretical framework for the study of Jefferson's conception of republicanism, which is the theoretical basis of his conception of the ward system:(1) Jefferson's conception of virtue, characterized by his optimism about the universality of the moral sense and the people's capacity of self-government;(2) Jefferson's conception of freedom, characterized by his synthesis of both negative liberty and positive liberty;(3) Jefferson's criterion of the republican government and the scope of the republic, characterized by his synthesis of both participation and representation;(4) Jefferson's conception of the shaping of republican citizens, characterized by the synthesis of school education and active participation in public affairs;(5) Jefferson's conception of the material preconditions of the republic, characterized by his primary concern for the economic independence and political freedom of both the individual and the nation.

杰斐逊的共和主义思想是他的分区制度构想的理论基础。论文首先采用Iseult Honohan 的"共和主义基本要素"作为理论框架，从以下五个方面对杰斐逊的共和主义思想进行研究：(1)道德观，主要特点体现为对道德意识的普遍性和人民的自治能力持乐观态度；(2)自由观，主要特点体现为消极自由与积极自由相结合；(3)共和政府的标准以及共和国的范围，主要特点体现为人民直接参政与代议制相结合；(4)塑造共和公民，主要特点体现为学校教育与积极参与公共事务相结合；(5)共和国的经济基础，主要特点体现为对个人与国家的经济独立与政治自由的关注。

Moral adjusts person"s relation by ethical rule and behavior criterion, and makes it tally with the nature and demands. Religion deifies the person"s relation that based on existent economic relation by God"s will and kismet"s arrangement.

道德用伦理准则和行为规范来调整人与人的关系，使之符合于社会经济基础的性质和需要，宗教则用神的意志和天命的安排来神化以现存经济关系为基础的人与人的社会关系。

First, subjecting to severe limitation of the territorial states, the Germany Landtag was enslaved to the seigniorial land ownership. Secondly, the political fission of the Germany set the formation of the unified domestic market back, all classes lacked corporate interests, and they couldnt put forward a common political demand, therefore, the development of the Germany lacked a necessary economic foundation.

首先是由于德意志邦国体制的限制，邦国的议会受到领主土地所有制的制约；其次是因为德意志在政治上的分裂阻碍了国内统一市场的形成，社会各等级之间彼此缺乏共同的利益需求，无法提出共同的政治要求，邦国议会的发展缺少必要的经济基础。

With the main line of"why coordinates","whether coordinates"and"how coordinates", the dissertation expounds the predicament for East Asia in the choices of the exchange rate systems, analyzes the economic basis of the exchange rate coordination in East Asia, and preliminarily proposes the basic idea of the exchange rate coordination in East Asia.

全文以"为何协作"——"能否协作"——"如何协作"为主线，探究东亚区域汇率制度的选择困境，分析东亚汇率协作的经济基础，并提出东亚区域汇率协作的初步构想。

Hunan Province is blessed with its rich culture, beautiful scenery, unique locative advantage and good economic foundation.

三湘大地有着深厚的文化底蕴、美丽的自然风光、独特的区位优势和良好的经济基础；省府长沙，历史悠久、商贾云集、交通便利，既是一座有着两千多年历史的文化名城，又是具有较高知名度的时尚之都。

Hunan Province is blessed with its rich culture, beautiful scenery, unique locative advantage and good economic foundation. The capital Changsha, with its over-two-thousand-year long history, gathered merchants and convenient transportation, is a famous cultural city and also a well-known city of fashion.

三湘大地有着深厚的文化底蕴、美丽的自然风光、独特的区位优势和良好的经济基础；省府长沙，历史悠久、商贾云集、交通便利，既是一座有着两千多年历史的文化名城，又是具有较高知名度的时尚之都。

These new ways not only represent the reality、 validity and logicality but also represent the local economy and culture.

不仅表现出了人居环境的真实性、有效性和逻辑性，同时也表现出与这种生产生活方式相关的经济基础、传统文化和审美习惯。

In addition, the self-sufficient economic mode and the manorial managing quomodo and the later ranches provided strong economic foundation for monastery.

此外，自给自足的经济模式、模范庄园式的管理以及后来大地产的形成，都为修道院的发展提供了雄厚的经济基础。

To new milepost stride, we already had an a correct guiding ideology, favorable policy environment and certain socioeconomy base.

向新的里程碑迈进，我们已有了一个正确的指导思想、一个良好的政策环境和一定的社会经济基础。

In fact, this is the basis of morphology and the economy closely associated.

其实这是与经济基础形态紧密相关联的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。