经济周期

In addition to Kondratieff's economic waves, Modis adds similar 56-year cycles in scientific advances described by himself, and 56-year cycles in infrastructure replacement studied by Arnulf Grubler.

而且，除了Kondratieff发现的这个经济周期，Modis还补充了两个类似的56年周期，一个是他自己提出的关于科学的发展的周期，另一个则是Arnulf Grubler研究出来的基础建设的更换周期。

We studied China and fluctuation in business cycle with statistical methods for the first time roundly and systematically, including coefficient correlation, linear regression, turning point coefficient, autocorrelation coefficient, grey system theory, VAR and time series analysis.

第一次全面系统运用统计学方法研究我国经济周期波动，包括相关系数法、一元和多元回归、转折点系数检验、自相关系数检验、灰色关联度、VAR向量自回归和确定性时间序列等方法，第一次把灰色关联分析方法应用于经济周期波动研究。

Enter 7, since 80 time, the research with western economy academic to economic cycle academia lives afresh again capriole comes, appeared a lot of new economic cycle models.

进入七、八十年代以来，西方经济学界对经济周期理论的研究又重新活跃起来，出现了许多新的经济周期模型。

Secondly, we analyzed the interaction between business cycle and finance cycle. The former is the latter's external variable, and the latter is the formers internal variable.

其次，分析财务周期与经济周期之间的关系——互为作用与反作用关系，并且后者是前者的外生变量；财务周期与企业生命周期之间的关系——后者是前者的内生变量，并且具有互为作用与反作用关系。

The security market is the highly marketing place, so there is inevitably a close relationship between macroscopic economic operation and the security market. How to develop the security market and promote it coordinate with macro-economy under the lowly marketing level of macr

最后对证券市场和宏观经济波动周期异动机制进行分析，认为中国宏观经济周期是政府宏观经济政策调控下的总供给与总需求平衡的结果，并主要从政府行为、法规体系、市场结构、市场体系等方面探讨了证券市场存在的问题。

Looking at the world, with an average of 7 years for an economic cycle count, 25 years only three a little more than the economic cycle, the relative of a city's real estate market in the long road of development, the Canton luxury residential real estate market is actually still in its infancy therefore the future of its development will be phenomenal!

放眼世界，平均7年为一个经济周期的数量， 25年只有3个多一点的经济周期，相对的一个城市的房地产市场在长期的发展道路，广东豪华住宅房地产市场实际上仍处于初创阶段的未来，因此，其发展将是惊人的！

Internal theories consider it to be self-generating, regular, and indefinitely repeating.

内生经济周期理论认为经济周期自发，规律并无限次重复。

Chapter three studies the international trade transmission mechanism of business cycle, firstly it expounds the function of trade for the economy of one country, and secondly it analyzes the process of the transmission mechanism, which is also the theoretical basis of the next chapter.

第三章主要研究了国际贸易对经济周期的传导机制，首先论述了对外贸易对一国经济的作用，然后通过相关的模型分析了国际贸易是如何在国家间来传导经济周期的，这一章也是下一章的理论基础。

Sixth, it's pointed out that the equilibrium is unstable in some structural growth models with more specific forms, and business cycles may possibly arise in those models. And it shows that in some cases the invisible hand not only won't lead to an equilibrium, furthermore, will lead to business cycles.

第六，指出在一些形式更为具体的结构增长模型中均衡是不稳定的，且可能出现经济周期，从而说明在一些情况下"看不见的手"不仅不会导致均衡，反而会带来经济周期。

In other words, regardless of the economic downturn in the economic cycle or cycles, as a result of a specific consumer target, making the toy market is basically stable, which somewhat similar to the cosmetics market, the relative rigidity of consumer demand, making toys, cosmetics these industries affected by economic cycles have little effect.

也就是说，不管经济处于景气周期还是不景气周期，由于特定的消费对象，使得玩具消费市场基本上是稳定的，这有点类似于化妆品市场，相对刚性的消费需求，使得玩具、化妆品这些产业受经济周期的影响不大。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。