经济人

The rent--seeking by principals of stateowned enterprise and the sickness of wide—range clientage are the specific problem of principal—agency.

国有企业治理中的人格假定是经济人假定，作为经济人的利益相关者在治理过程小必然为维护自身利益而努力。

Defective economic manis defined as fuzzy-headed rational man and he pursuefor benefit not only economic benefit but also non-economic benefit.Then he purchases not onlygoods in physical form but also goods in non-physical form such as national defence through taxpayment.

为了将许多传统意义上的非经济因素纳入经济学的研究范畴，本文提出了非物化商品的概念，从而扩大了商品的范围，使得我们对"有缺陷的经济人"追求的经济利益和非经济利益能够综合起来一起考虑，完成了作为"有缺陷的经济人"的消费者的行为模式分析。

Economic man tends to be hoggish for money pursuit.

"经济人"是驱利的，如果制度存在漏洞，给"经济人"以有机可乘的话，他就会失去理性，"经济人"的伦理准则就会崩溃。

Economic man is abstracted scientifically from the man inpractical li fe, with the main characters of ration, self-interest and pursuing t he maximum of interests.

"经济人"是在对现实生活中的人进行科学抽象的基础上形成的。理性、自利、追求利益最大化是经济人的主要特性。

As a result, the intervenor will be in a dilemma and so we must try to find out the best path to the incentive and the mode of the regulation on the basis of the human nature character of the economic man .

为走出这一困境，必须基于经济人的人性特点探寻对经济人的激励路径和约束方式，科学的国家干预立法必须遵循理性自利主义原则。

In the need of mathematization in economics and logic deduction, catering to the tide of egoism and utilitarianism in western society, the mainstream abandoned moral and ethic factors. Then the economic man became completely rational self-interest or utility maximizing, veering from the original principles of economic man.

主流经济学从经济学数学化和逻辑演绎的需要出发，迎合西方社会个人主义和功利主义的潮流，把"经济人"假说中的道德伦理因素舍弃了，从而使之纯粹变成追求自身利益或效用最大化的理性"经济人"，偏离了"经济人"假设的原旨要义。

Since the reform and opening up, the government has carried on a lot of reform and exerted great effect on the economic and social development, which enlightens the author to set forth the opinion of"social economic person"and probe into the government's"social economic person"function under the socialism market economy and further analyze the government function transformation, based on the study angle of view related to the research fruits of Politics, Economics, Law and Economic philosophy etc. and the hypothesis of"economic person"in Economics and the government as a macroscopic pacificator.

改革开放以来，政府进行的政府体制改革及政府在经济社会发展中发挥的作用启发作者运用政治学、经济学、法学、经济哲学等学科的研究成果，本文以经济学中的"经济人"假设及政府作为宏观层次的调控者为研究视角，提出"社会经济人"的观点，探求社会主义市场经济中政府的"社会经济人"功能，并进一步分析政府职能转变。

The purpose of this research is to discuss the decision of negotiation types and processes. The conponents of the decision-making of each transaction include "the counterpart" and "the deal". The Potential Value of Social Transaction and The Potential Value of Economic Transaction can distinguish between the "quasi-economic man" and the "quasi-social man", two different types of psychological construction. This research makes a point of dyad according to a quasi-economic man and a quasi-social man which can distinguish among three different dyadic decisions of negotiation types:the dyadic decision of negotiation type between a quasi-economic man and a quasi-economic man, the dyadic decision of negotiation type between a quasi-social man and a quasi-social man, and the dyadic decision of negotiation type between a quasi-economic man and a quasi-social man.

摘要 本研究旨在探讨谈判决策类型与过程之研究，交易双方在谈判时不只会考虑交易事物「事」，也会考虑交易对象「人」，本研究以社会交易潜在价值和经济交易潜在价值所表现出的交易权衡模式，把个人区分为准经济人与准社会人两种不同类型的人，本研究旨在分析谈判双方如何讨价还价达成交易的过程，特别重视二位体的观念，根据准经济人决策权衡模式与准社会人决策权衡模式的组合区分出准经济人与准经济人的二位体谈判决策类型（A-1类型）；准社会人与准社会人的二位体谈判决策类型（A-2类型）；准经济人与准社会人二位体谈判决策类型等三种不同的类型。

In Taylor 's hypothesis, material and spiritual stimulation, disciplinary and cultural management,visible and invisible environments are integrated successfully. Plenty of ideas about "social man" and "self-actualizing man" are enabling it to be "new economic man", which is sharply different from classical "economic man" i...

泰罗的&经济人&假设体现了物质刺激与精神刺激，外在刺激与内在刺激的结合；制度管理与文化管理，刚性管理与柔性管理的统一；硬环境与软环境，有形环境与无形环境的融合，蕴含了丰富的&社会人&、&自我实现人&的思想，本质上已区别于以往时代的&古典经济人&，成为&新经济人&。

In Taylor's hypothesis, material and spiritual stimulation, disciplinary and cultural management,visible and invisible environments are integrated successfully. Plenty of ideas about "social man" and "self-actualizing man" are enabling it to be "new economic man", which is sharply different from classical "economic man" in essence.

泰罗的&经济人&假设体现了物质刺激与精神刺激，外在刺激与内在刺激的结合；制度管理与文化管理，刚性管理与柔性管理的统一；硬环境与软环境，有形环境与无形环境的融合，蕴含了丰富的&社会人&、&自我实现人&的思想，本质上已区别于以往时代的&古典经济人&，成为&新经济人&。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。