经济

The article clarified above all economic progress and the common meaning that science and technology progresses, pointed out science and technology regards the first productivity as the profound influence to contemporary socioeconomy; Next, to science and technology progress and the main concern that economy grows made a specification, the main at 4 o'clock effect that discussed science and technology to progress to develop to economy and 10 characteristics that stimulative economy grows; Discussed adequately how to use science and technology to progress to develop the dynamic question with bigger infuse for economy better.

文章首先阐明了经济发展与科技进步的一般含义，指出了科技作为第一生产力对当代社会经济的深刻影响；其次，对科技进步与经济发展的基本关系作了说明，论述了科技进步对经济发展的四点基本作用和促进经济发展的十个特点；充分讨论了如何更好地利用科技进步为经济发展注入更大的动力的问题。

In this dissertation the author analyzed the levels of circular economy system concerning major, medium and minor cycle and pointed out that the construction of circular economy falls into two phases: the primary phase highlighting resource recycling economy and the advanced phase focusing on green economy.

循环经济本质上是一种生态经济，本文分析了循环经济产业体系的大循环、中循环、小循环的层次性，指出循环经济建设应分两个阶段进行：初级阶段以资源回收型经济为主，高级阶段以绿色经济为主。

Cultural industry has firmly established its backbone status. The prosperity and progress in Beijing culture economy lies heavily on understanding about significant improvements in the following aspects, such as geographical resources, elevated executive power to carry out culture economy policy, participance in the global culture economy system, development of growing point, reasonable design of intellectual property system, normative regulation mechanism and consolidated planning on national cultural safety policy.

北京文化经济的繁荣发展，很大程度上取决于能否在把握文化经济地理资源、提高文化经济政策执行力、参与全球文化经济分工体系、培育文化经济生长点、规划合理的知识产权制度、建立规范的文化经济调控机制以及统一规划的国家文化安全政策等方面取得重要进展。

Specially, the author hopes to find whether the financial system development promotes the provincial per capita, the accumulation of provincial savings, the formation of provincial capital, the advancing of productivity, the bettering of industrial structure and the shaping of firms. Finally, according to the result of the empirical study, the author brings forward the Contradiction of Chinese Financial System Development during transition period. To explain the Contradiction, the author puts forward a hypothesis: time consistency and institution coupling of the optimal system arrangements. Within the hypothesis framework, the author analyses and explains the contradiction's essential, and seeks the reason of Chinese financial system development's path formation during transition period. After judging the efficiency of Chinese financial system development prudentially, the author gives his advices on how to drive Chinese financial system to the"Growth-Enhancing Financial System Development"path. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. It consists of as follows: Part I includes foreword and Chapter One"the review of financial development theory and literature". In foreword, the author expounds the fundamental definition and basic theory. In Chapter One, the author first analyses the"finance-growth"nexus in theory, and which constitutes the foundation of the concrete mechanism of finance affecting growth.

首先对金融发展与经济增长的关系在理论上进行了梳理，指出金融发展能够促进经济增长，金融是现代经济增长的"第一推动力"；其次将这种理论关系分解，借助当前本领域的最新研究方法和工具从宏观和微观层面验证转轨时期中国各地区金融发展与经济增长传导机制的效果，即金融体系的发展是否有效地促进了各地区人均产值的增加、储蓄的积累、资本的形成、生产力的提高、产业结构的调整以及企业的成长；最后在实证检验的基础上提出"中国金融发展悖论"，并在"最优制度安排的动态一致性与制度耦合"假说的框架内来分析中国金融发展悖论的真实内涵以及中国金融发展路径形成的原因，审慎评价转轨时期中国金融体系的发展效率，初步探讨了中国金融体系走向"推动经济增长"金融发展道路，指出实现金融对现代经济的"第一推动力"作用所应努力的方向。

Through the analysis of the features and theexisting problems,the write further points out that China slangy choose a patternof development centered on big cities in stepping towards twenty-one century,reconstruct a new structure,give an impatiens to city infrastructure integrity,market integrity and rational division of labor for economy industry,practicallyreeve various contradictions and problems,gradually reduce regional differencesand promote the whole nation's economy development integratively,coordinately,persistantly and rapidly.

然后进一步分析了中国城市圈域经济的发展特点及存在问题，提出中国在迈向21世纪的经济发展中，应积极选择以大城市为中心的城市圈域经济发展模式，重构区域经济发展的新格局。并通过大力推进城市圈域基础设施一体化，城市圈域市场一体化，以及城市圈域经济产业结构的合理分工和布局，切实解决中国区域经济发展中的各种矛盾和问题，逐步缩小区际差异，促进整个国民经济综合、协调、持续、高速地发展。

The course of this reformation of school-running system of Chinese higher education could be divided into four phrases: period of recovery, exploration, development and expansion which is a reflection of the transition of school-running system of Chinese higher education from singleness to variety. But there still appeared some unaccommodated problems in the causes of the reformation of school-running system, the main are: input channels are impaired; market mechanism is weaker in the reformation of school-running system; governmental functions exercised improper.

具体来看，一是由于经济体制改革的成效显著，我国经济呈现持续增长，对高等教育的需求及投入都相应有了大幅度的增加；二是非公有制经济的壮大为民办高等教育的产生和发展提供了物质基础；三是以服务地方为主的中心城市大学应我国区域经济发展的需求，首先出现在广东等省而后在全国众多中心城市掀起一股举办热潮，并获得了很好的发展；四是我国经济的对外开放和对外贸易额的增长将国外的教育资源引入了我国，中外合作办学呈现出快速发展的势头；五是知识经济的迅猛发展促使高等教育改变传统的办学模式，积极谋求自身的转变，提高办学的水平。

Economic globalization extended the capacity of world market, the development that is each country economy brings larger mobile space, offer more development opportunity, the characteristic that also makes world market risk increases revolution of; new science and technology to deciding structure of prospective world industry at the same time and the way that economy grows, for economy development provides new power and new field, also make the development of traditional industry faces greater pressure, competitive advantage tilts to the state that has capacity of advanced technique innovation further the structural adjustment of limits of; whole world will make area of world economy growth widens further, the shirt-sleeve rate of each country economy rises further, at the same time each country also do one's best holds vantage ground in new international division of labor.

经济全球化拓展了世界市场的容量，为各国经济的发展带来更大的活动空间，提供更多的发展机遇，同时也使世界市场风险加大；新科技革命决定着未来世界产业结构的特点和经济增长的方式，为经济发展提供新的动力和新的领域，也使传统产业的发展面临更大的压力，竞争的优势进一步向拥有先进技术创新能力的国家倾斜；全球范围的结构调整将使世界经济增长面进一步拓宽，各国经济的融合程度进一步提高，同时各国也力求在新的国际分工中占据有利地位。

The economic globalization, which is becoming more and more influential in the whole world, plays a very important role in the income distribution system of our country whist Chinese economy is integrated into the world step by step.

当前经济全球化趋势不断深化，随着我国经济与世界经济一体化程度的加深，经济全球化对我国经济的影响也不断扩大，经济全球化对我国收入分配的变化同样产生着重要的影响。

There is a background and process of the idea of circulative economies and the new model of the development will produce a great impact on the economic development of our country.

循环经济是一种新的经济形态，其本质上是一种生态经济，它要求遵循生态学规律，合理利用自然资源和环境容量，在物质不断循环利用的基础上发展经济，使经济系统和谐地纳人到自然生态系统的物质循环过程中，实现经济活动的生态化。

The chapter four studies the today's meaning from the economy ethics of the West Han Dynasty, dualistically analyses the functions of economy managed by privates on governments, and researches into the relations between the economy ethical and political systems from the views of economy and political systems, concluding the necessary oiling rotations between economy ethics and ideology.

第四章主要从经济制度、政治制度和意识形态方面论述了西汉经济伦理思想的当代意义，辩证分析了官营经济和民营经济的作用，探讨了经济伦理与政治制度之间的相互关系，得出了经济伦理与意识形态和谐共处的结论。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。