经济

Fourth, Based on sample data collected in Shenzhen city in 2003, the paper, from various perspectives, calculates nominal VAT rate for goods sold domestically or internationally. By the means of the calculation of the extent of indirect nominal tax burden shifting, we can get the economy tax burden from evaluating some trades'tax burden shifting range of Shenzhen VAT taxpayer. This paper also analyses the problems and the reasons of it and proved that the result of the separate calculation of domestic sales nominal tax burden and export sales tax burden can more realistically reflects the enterprises'nominal tax burden.. Enterprises with higher nominal tax burden can transfer their most parts of their nominal tax burden to the consumers, but the enterprises with lower nominal tax burden have to bear all nominal tax burden. Thus, when measuring the properness of tax burden from the VAT taxpayer, a comparison between economic tax burden and optimum tax burden should be considered.

第四，本文以2003年度深圳市数据为例，从不同的口径分别用经典名义税负测算法和内外销分别测算法测算了深圳市增值税纳税人的名义税负，运用间接税税负转嫁程度测算模型，测算了深圳市增值税纳税人部分行业税负转嫁的程度，进而得出其经济税负，并分析了深圳市增值税纳税人税负存在的问题以及成因，验证了内外销分别测算法得出的结果更能真实地反映企业的名义税负，得出以下结论：名义税负较高的行业，其经济税负不一定高，而名义税负较低的行业，其经济税负并不一定低，在衡量增值税纳税人的税收负担是否适度的问题上，不能简单的将名义税负与最优税负比较，而应将经济税负与最优税负比较。

The study on the meaning, the importance, the realization way, as well as the practice of the mining circular economy in China has been carried out in this part. The new "3R" principle is put forward by analyzing the quiddity of "reduce" of mining circular economy.

对矿业循环经济的内涵，矿业领域发展循环经济的重要性，矿业循环经济的实现方式和我国矿业循环经济的实践进行了研究评述。

In process of collaboration of thing ministry economy, answer to join WTO to be chance with China, western big development brings into law course, for thing ministry economy collaboration provides effective system platform, progress of implementation region economy and collaboration are executed to regular change; from policy lawfully administration, the legal interest of cogent protection investor and operator, increase regular diaphaneity, reduce the uncertainty in collaboration, the balance that achieves the economy between area finally develops.

在东西部经济合作过程中，应以中国加入WTO为契机，把西部大开发纳入法治轨道，为东西部经济合作提供有效的制度平台，实现区域经济发展与合作从政策向规则的转变；实行依法行政，切实保护投资者和经营者的合法利益，增加规则的透明度，减少合作中的不确定性，最终实现区域间经济的平衡发展。

Educational economics is to probe interaction in every side about education and economy from macro-field as well as economic phenomena and economic regularness in educational field.

教育经济学既是从宏观的角度探讨教育与经济相互作用的各个方面，同时还研究教育领域发生的经济现象及其规律，为促进教育目的的实现和经济增长、经济发展服务。

Indicators of regional economy development unequilibria; the causes of unequilibria (regional infrastructure, micro policy and regulations, element flow and rentability, regional economy configuration and government dominant system, and so on); analyzing the macro and micro policies two developed countries USA and UK, two developing countries Brazil and India.

建立了区域经济发展非均衡性的指标体系；从区域基础条件、宏观政策及制度条件、要素的流动与收益、区域经济结构以及政府主导体制等几个方面，分析了造成我国区域经济非均衡发展的原因，并分别对两个发达国家——美国和英国，两个发展中国家——巴西和印度的区域互动与区域经济协调发展的宏观政策和微观策略进行了分析。

Through quantitative calculation, the conclusions are drawn: 1it was obvious that the south was faster than the north; contrast of economic level has reversed since reform and opening.2The reasons accountable for these changes consist of politics, export strength,economic system,input intensity (special foreign direct investment), industrial structure and so on.3Social-cultural elements have certain influence by all means.4To turn the north tardy, we should quicken the pace of reform and opening in the north, make efforts in restructuring big and middle state-owned enterprises, vigorously carry out the strategy of making the country strong through science and education.5The north must grasp opportunity, build new economic growth pole, retransfer and upgrade industrial structure as soon as possible.

通过定量计算得出结论：经济发展速度南快北慢现象是明显的，经济发展水平改革开放前北高南低，目前则是南高北低，致使中国经济发展出现了新的不平衡。南快北慢的原因是：地缘优势和超前观念所获得的政策倾斜，导致了出口能力和投资强度的差别；工业结构(特别是所有制结构和轻重工业结构)的作用也很明显，而国家投资的作用很小，且越来越不重要。扭转北慢的对策是加大北方改革开放力度，切实搞好国有大中型企业改造，大力实施科教兴国战略；北方要注意把握机遇，构筑新一轮经济增长点，尽快实现产业结构的升级和转型。

There are different views on the content and rightness of economic motive.

一、经济动机的解放与经济伦理地位的确立不同的历史时期、不同的社会环境下的经济生活在社会生活中的地位不同，经济动机得到的评价也不尽相同。

As Charles Kindleberger recounted in his classic book "Manias, Panics and Crashes", the busts tend to be accompanied by great swindles, from Robert Schuyler in the 1850s to Ivar Kreuger in the 1930s.

正如查尔斯？金德尔伯格在他的经典著作《经济过热、经济恐慌及经济崩溃》一书中详细描述的那样，经济衰退往往会有惊天骗局相随，从19世纪50年代的罗伯特？

That's the semiofficial definition of a recession, courtesy of the National Bureau of Economic Research, a pri-vate think tank that since 1929 has determined the start and end dates of U.S. downturns.

这是由国家经济研究局对经济衰退所提出的半官方定义，国家经济研究局是个私人智库，自1929年以来，美国经济衰退开始和结束的日子都由该局决定。

The store offers greater privacy and free coffee, reversing what Mr Smyth says was the ...

这里的经济是经济不经济的意思，就是划不划算的那个经济

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。