经典集论

Classic rough set theory based on equivalence relation takes complete system as object of study , and divides the region into some non-intersect equivalence class; But, in the real life, because of the errors in data measuring, understanding of data, or the restriction in data collection , it can make the decision-making system incomplete, that is, value of attribution of some objects is unknown, which restrains development of the theory to practical direction.

经典粗糙集理论以完备系统为研究对象，以等价关系为基础，通过等价关系将论域划分为互不相交的等价类；然而，在现实生活中，由于数据测量的误差，对数据理解或获取的限制等原因，使得在知识获取时往往面临的是不完备系统，即可能存在部分对象的一些属性值未知的情况，这就极大地限制了粗糙集理论向实用化方向发展。

Whereas fuzzy control has been playing a bigger and bigger role in traffic signal timing, many parameters, like the shape of membership functions and their distribution upon the whole universe of the discourse, plus the determination of universe width and fuzzy rules set, are always set up bluntly ahead of time. Worse yet, once done, all parameters will remain unchanged in the whole course.

但由于经典模糊控制器的参数，例如隶属度函数的形状及其在论域上的分布，论域范围的确定以及模糊规则集往往是预先根据人的经验确定，且一经确定在整个控制过程中就不再改变。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。