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Those biodegradable materials finally form into CO2 and H2O via culture of tricarboxylic acid cycle, which can be excreted from lung, kidney, and skin. Hydroxyacetic acid is a metabolic product of amino acids. Therefore, velocity of bioldegradable materials can be controlled in vivo. The recent contraception focuses on discover a sustained release system of biodegradable materials.

生物可降解材料包括聚乳酸、聚ε-己内酯、乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物等，这些材料有很好的生物相容性，植入体内后可经生物降解成乳酸单体，经三羧酸循环后最终成为CO2和H2O，经肺、肾、皮肤排泄，羟基乙酸也是机体氨基酸代谢产物，而且生物可将解材料在体内降解速度是可控的，用生物降解聚合物作为药物载体的缓释避孕系统是目前材料学以及避孕节育研究的一大重点。

May 6, 2004 In surgically menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, treatment with an investigational transdermal patch was associated with significant increases in sexual desire and sexual activity with no serious adverse effects, according to findings reported here at the 52nd annual clinical meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

May 6， 2004 --根据在第52届美国妇产科年度临床会议中发表的研究发现，经外科手术停经且有性欲减低疾病hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD的妇女，在施予研究性经皮肤渗透方式给予睾固酮的治疗后，妇女的性欲与性活力明显地增加，并且无严重副作用的产生。

May 6, 2004 In surgically menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, treatment with an investigational transdermal patch was associated with significant increases in sexual desire and sexual activity with no serious adverse effects, according to findings reported here at the 52nd annual clinical meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

May 6， 2004 --根据在第52届美国妇产科年度临床会议中发表的研究发现，经外科手术停经且有性欲减低疾病hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD的妇女，在施予研究性经皮肤渗透方式给予睪固酮的治疗后，妇女的性欲与性活力明显地增加，并且无严重副作用的产生。

Objective To study the feasibility and effect of intraosseous infusion in coping with the prehospital care of serious traffic injuries and explore the new methods of prehospital intravenous infusion.

目的研究严重交通伤院前急救经骨髓输液的可行性和有效性。方法选择严重道路交通伤395例，回顾性地分为经骨髓输液和经静脉输液2组。

The first synthetic route uses 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene and chloroacetonitrile in forming 2,4,5-trimethoxy-a-chlor-acetophenone under the anhydrous condition, then the intermediate condensates with papaverine forming the core pyrro[2,l-a]isoquinoline, followed by formation and lactonization to form the lactone ring. The second synthetic route uses prepared aldehyde with prepared ethyl nitroacetate by Knoevenagel condensation to obtain 2-Nitro-3-(2,4,5-tris-methoxy-phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester and 2-Nitro-3-(2,4,5-tris-benzyloxy -phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester etal intermediates. The lamellarin skeleton could arise from condensation of the papaverine and these intermediates by Michael reaction, the ester group is provided for subsequent lactonization. The third synthetic route uses coumarin or indan-l,3-dione derivatives and papaverine to form lamellarin under basic conditions.

第一条路线首先从1，2，4-三甲氧基苯出发与卤乙腈作用合成卤代芳酮中间体，然后与罂粟碱反应合成开链片螺素，最后经乙酰化、去保护、成内酯环得到片螺素；第二条路线由制备的芳醛和制备的硝基乙酸乙酯经缩合得到2-硝基-3-芳基丙烯酸乙酯，然后由该中间体与罂粟碱反应，在完成关环的同时也引入酯基，最后去保护、成内酯环得到片螺素；第三条路线是由香豆素或茚二酮出发，经溴代后的中间体与罂粟碱反应，得到片螺素的基本框架。

Methods: 37 patients with complex upper urinary lithangiuria with pyonephrosis were selected during November 2002 to July 2007. 8 cases were treated with transurethral ureteroscope lithotripsy followed by tube internal drainage, while 29 cases were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After 714 days, minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy was employed for the second therapy.

选择2002年11月～2007年7月复杂上尿路结石合并脓肾患者37例，采用经尿道输尿管镜取石后置管内引流8例，微创经皮肾造瘘外引流29例，术后7～14 d后，2期行微创经皮肾镜治疗复杂肾结石。

Results: Breast pain: Thirty two women (60.4％) experienced cyclicpremenstrual mastalgia, lasting 4 days. Average serum 〓 level and serum progesteronelevel of women with cyclic breast pain in luteal phase were higher than that of womenwithout breast pain.

乳房胀疼者(41.3±45.9pg／ml)血清雌二醇水平明显高于无乳房胀疼者(18.5±20.6pg／ml)，P＜0.01.236名绝经后妇女中仍有12.5％(29／232)有乳房症状，其中75.9％(22／29)为绝经1-5年的绝经后妇女，乳房胀疼者(24.3±27.1pg／ml)与无乳房胀疼者(21.3±25.8pg／ml)的血清雌二醇没有显著差异，P＞0.05。

Methods:①To observe important landmarks of bony of PPF、the neurovascular structure and its relations with the surrounding structures via endoscopic middle meatal transpalatine approach、middle meatal transantral approach and inferior turbinectomy transantral approach respectively in 10 fresh cadaveric heads(20 sides).

①通过对10具(20侧)成人新鲜尸头分别采用鼻内镜下中鼻道经腭骨入路、经上颌窦入路、下鼻甲切除经上颌窦入路进行解剖，观测手术径路中穿经结构以及重要血管神经的毗邻关系。

The diagnosis was proven by lung biopsy in 7 cases, by endoscopy and microphytology in 7 cases and clinically in 20 cases.

34例中经肺穿刺活检确诊 7例，经气管镜和实验室检查确诊 7例，其余病例经临床确诊。

Methods: From February 2002 to June 2006, 27 patients with upper urinary obstruction due to retroperitoneal fibrosis post-treatment of tumor, under went procedures including retrograde ureteral catheterization, intraluminal ureterotomy and/or balloon dilation, and percutaneous nephrostomy. The efficacy and major complications were summarized.

收集本院2002年l月至2006年6月的27例恶性肿瘤经治疗后发现腹膜后纤维化导致上尿路梗阻的患者，分别接受了经尿道逆行输尿管插管、输尿管狭窄内切开和／或扩张及经皮肾造瘘治疗，总结其疗效和主要并发症。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。