终板

Objective:To study the effect of asymmetrical stress on the growth of spinal end-plate.

目的：研究不对称应力对脊柱终板软骨生长的影响。

Results Spatial relations of the tumors to the lamina terminalis, anterior commissure and anterior communicating artery complex were clearly shown in T2R images. The optic nerves, optic chiasm and optic tracts were detected in 93.3%, 100% and 86.7% of the patients on T2R images and 66.7%, 93.3% and 66.7% on T1 weighted images, respectively. Detection rate of optic pathway on T2R images was higher than that on T1 weighted images.

结果 重T2加权灰阶反转成像可清晰显示肿瘤与终板、前连合及前交通动脉丛的空间关系；其视神经、视交叉和视束的检测率分别为93.3%、100%和86.7%，而在T1加权成像中则分别为66.7%、93.3%和66.7%，前者对视路的检测率显著性高于后者。

Lamellar corpuscle, muscle spindle, and the motor nerve ending chiefly contains motor end plate and

体和肌梭；运动神经末梢主要包括运动终板和内脏运动神经末梢。

Methodsafter total decompression of the spinal nerve through posterior medline approach, discectomy of the slipping segment was performed with a circular saw with diameter of 1.0 centmeter. under direct visualization through the hole of the circular saw, the disc tissue including cartilage of upper and lower end plates was removed with a long handle curette.

方法后正中入路脊髓神经根彻底减压后，用直径1.0 cm环锯摘除滑脱椎体间的椎间盘，然后通过环锯孔直视下彻底清除椎间盘髓核组织，用长柄刮匙刮除椎体上下终板软骨，使骨面成鱼鳞状。

Summary of Background Data. Pedicle or anterior screw fixation is commonly used with interbody deice fixation.

在48块胸腰椎椎体中，选用椭圆形或者四叶状的锯齿边缘的压力器，接触椎体的面积约为40％的终板面积，作轴向压迫。

METHODS: We assessed our patients by clinical and electromyographic studies, by intercostal muscle biopsies for in vitro microelectrode analysis of neuromuscular transmission and quantitative electron microscopy EM of 409 end plates, and by mutation analysis, and expression studies of the mutants.

我们通过临床表现及肌电图检查、通过肋间肌活检进行神经肌肉传递的体外微电极分析和对409个运动终板的定量电子显微镜检察，以及运用突变分析和突变体的表达研究对患者进行分析评定。

By blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions.

通过阻止神经推动力的传输或减弱运动终板或其他的活动的兴奋性来减轻肌肉的收缩的药物。

5 Create the inferior screw model Bisectioning the included angle between exterior and interior screw and theincluded angle between ecto-upper and ento-upper screw in AutoCAD2006 software,Create a plane traverse the two bisection points and the core of the pedicle.

采用上述辅助定位后如遇椎弓根部穿破情况则需要手动调整螺钉以使螺钉刚好与原穿破侧椎弓根骨壁相切。 1.2.5创建下侧进钉方向的椎弓根螺钉模型：在AutoCAD2006程序中将椎弓根螺钉内外夹角、上方夹角两等分，由同侧两等分点与椎弓根中心点共同创建一平面，依该平面与同侧球在下终板平面交点创建下方螺钉模型。

Methods 21 cases of craniopharyngoima in suprasellar region were resected by trans-supraorbital approach, the diameter of tumors varied from 3.0 to 6.5cm; partial cystic tumor in 13 and solid tumor in 8. Skin incision was made in eyebrow, the hemicycle bone flap was approximately 2.5cm×3.0cm, tumor was dissected in I,II,III spaces and trans-endplate.

对21例位于鞍上，肿瘤上下径为3.0～6.5cm的颅咽管瘤患者(部分囊性变者13例，完全实性者8例)，作眉弓内弧形小切口，在眶上铣开一为2.5cm×3cm的半圆形小骨瓣，术中根据肿瘤位置，从I、II、III间隙和终板入路切除肿瘤。

Results: MR examination of bone contusion were mostly less than two weeks, but a few patients were longer than one year: STIR, TIWI were more sensitive lesion detection series in hone contusion (100% and 95.7%). Bone contusion mostly occur at knee, and lesions mainly distributed in the margin area of articular (69.8%), in superior portion of vertebral body(74.l%). Bone contusion following-up showed a line-like hyperostosis and osteosclerosis in contusion area. Histological manifestations of bone contusion were local trabecular micro fractures, edema, hemorrhage and injury of fat tissue.

结果：1多数骨挫伤MRI检查在两周内完成，少数病人时间超过1年；2检出骨挫伤敏感的MRI序列为STIR及T1W/I（100%及95.7%）；3膝关节是骨挫伤的好发部位，病灶主要分布于骨边缘区(69.8%)，在脊柱主要分布于椎体上缘终板下(74.1%)；4骨挫伤影像随访提小病变区出现线状骨质修复，骨髓水肿吸收；5骨挫伤病理为骨小梁显微骨折，骨髓水肿、出血和脂肪损伤。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。