细菌的

Marine bacteria play a great role in theoccurrence and declination of red-tide based on their population diversity biophysiological andbiochemical character diversity, ecological function diversity and heredity diversity Thus,bacteria-alga relationship has been a hotspot in red-tide research.

海洋细菌由于其本身的种群多样性、生理生化类群多样性、生态功能多样性、遗传特征多样性等特点以及同赤潮藻类错综复杂的生态关系，在赤潮生消过程中有着极其重要的作用，细菌杀藻现象为微生物防治赤潮提供了可能途径，因此菌藻关系已经成为当前赤潮研究的重点和热点。

Methods Two arrays of isolates were used to evaluate the reliability of ChromID ESBL. One array contained 285 clinical isolates in which the ESBLs-producing feature was screened by confirmatory tests recommended by Clinical and laboratory Standards Institute. The other array contained 28 enterobacterial isolates with their ESBLs gene and producing enzyme feature being confirmed previously.

用2组肠杆菌科细菌进行评估，一组为285株上海地区检出的临床分离株，这些菌株已用美国临床实验室标准化研究所推荐的确证试验确认了是否产ESBLs，另一组28株产ESBLS肠杆菌科细菌，在以前的研究工作中已确认了这些菌株的产酶特性和ESBLs。

The mechanism in which trehalose is produced from dextrin or starch hydrolyzate by endocellular enzymes of bacterium D-97 can be elucidated by high performance liquid chromatography with differential refraction detection basically, including the effect of the different carbon sources on the endocellular trehalose-producing enzymes in bacterium D-97 and the possibility or ability of the endocellular enzymes to produce trehalose using maltooligosaccharides of different chain lengths.

通过高效液相色谱/示差折光检测系统分析可获得细菌D-97利用糊精或淀粉水解物合成海藻糖的基本生物学信息，包括微生物培养碳源对细菌D-97胞内海藻糖合成酶系的影响以及该酶系利用不同种类或不同分子链长度的麦芽寡糖合成海藻糖的能力及作用过程。

Myxobacteria have by far the largest prokaryotic genome and the most abundant secondary metabolites gene clusters. Our Myxobacteria genomics projects will help us understand their value in-depth.

粘细菌具有迄今为止最大的原核生物基因组、最丰富的生物活性次级代谢产物基因群，相关基因组计划的启动与实施将为我们深入研究生物进化、阐明粘细菌分化发育及其社会学行为、开发重要功能基因起到重要的推动作用。

Bacteria, like all living organisms, give off unique mixtures of gases; bacterial infections may be diagnosed by the characteristic scents of these gases. Alternately, nonbacterial disorders, such as diabetes, may prompt biochemical changes that alter the smell of a patient's body.

细菌跟所有的有机生命体一样，散发出独特的气体混合物，因此可以通过这些气体的气味特点来诊断细菌感染；而非细菌性疾病，如：糖尿病，可以促成改变病人身体气味的生物化学变化。

By inoculated to tobacco plants, six strains could be re-isolated from the inoculated plants, indicating that they were endophytic bacteria in tobacco. Culture these eight bacteria and Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae together, the result showed four endophytic bacteria YN-55, NN-3, YN-4 and YN-10 have the best antagonistic effects.

将这8株内生细菌与烟草黑胫病菌共培，进一步测定拮抗效果结果显示YN-55、NN-3、YN-4和YN-10 4株拮抗效果最好，均在66％以上，并且这4种细菌均对孢子囊的产生有较强的抑制作用，而菌株发酵液对孢子囊的产生的抑制作用不明显。

During bacterial infection, monocytes will differentiate into macrophages that can phagocytize the pathogens neutralize the toxins and play a critical role in inflammatory responses.

当细菌侵入时，由单核球分化而来的巨噬细胞会透过吞噬作用将这些危害人体的毒素吞入，裂解并消灭之，因此巨噬细胞在细菌引发的发炎反应中扮演著非常重要的角色。

"The fact that the community contains only one species stands one of the basic tenets of microbial ecology on its head," says Carl Pilcher, director of the NASA Astrobiology Institute, who was not involved in Chivian's DNA analysis but whose colleagues made the initial discovery that there were microbes living in this particular fissure two years ago.

美国宇航局天体生物学协会主管卡尔·皮尔彻说，&事实上，这个细菌群落仅有一种细菌存在，构成该微生物系统的基础。&据了解，皮尔彻并未参与奇维安的DNA分析研究，但是皮尔彻带领的研究小组在两年前最初发现微生物曾生存于这种特殊的地下裂沟中。

An amount of psychrophilic bacteria was isolated from deep sea sediment collected from Prydz Bay, Antarctica. The strain AC167, which showed high cold-active chitinase activity, was screened from these bacteria. It was identified as a Pseudomonas species by 16S rDNA sequence comparison.

从南极普里兹湾深海底泥样品中分离得到一批嗜冷细菌，对这些嗜冷细菌进行了产几丁质酶菌株的筛选，对其中一株具有较高产酶活性的菌株AC167所分泌的几丁质酶进行了性质分析，并通过16S rDNA序列分析进行了菌株的分子鉴定。

Results Based on the analysis of the number and lightness of DGGE bands, we studied the change of the microbial community diversity activation of stratal bacteria.

通过对内源微生物激活前后DGGE条带的数量和亮度变化分析表明，油藏环境中的细菌在种类和数量上并不丰富，激活剂的加入改变了菌群原有的贫营养环境，从而使一些因营养缺乏生长受抑制细菌得以大量繁殖，菌群结

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。