细菌的

The modern methods of bacteriological technique began in the late 19th century with the use of stains and the development of methods of cultivating organism s on plates of nutrients.

现代细菌学研究的方法学始于19世纪晚期，包括建立细菌染色方法和在培养基中进行微生物分离的技术，当时的培养基是用明胶和琼脂固化的营养物质。

Antibiotics: 1,642 otes. Alexander Fleming, a British bacteriologist, discoered penicillin in 1928 by accident when he sloppily left a Petri dish of bacteria unwashed in his lab.

抗生素：1，642 票。1928年一次偶然的机会，英国的细菌学家亚历山大*弗莱明，在他的实验室里一个由于粗心未洗的细菌培养皿中发现了青霉素。

The columna soil study showed that strain NBT had the ablity of potassiumuptake ,making losed potassium from the soil inoculated with the bacterium wasdecreased by

通过土柱试验发现，硅酸盐细菌NBT菌株还具有保钾功能，供试土壤接菌处理后的土壤滤液中流失的钾比对照减少35.5-56.5％，经方差分析，差异达显著水平；另外，硅酸盐细菌NBT菌株与农药的相容性试验表明，无论在大田农药施用浓度和残留浓度内的丁草胺、绿黄隆、三唑酮粉、多菌灵、马拉硫磷等农药对NBT菌株没有抑制作用；乐果、甲基1605在大田施用浓度下，对NBT菌株有一定抑制作用，而在残留浓度下，对NBT菌株无明显抑制作用。

Some bacterial species, because of the chemical nature of their cell walls, have the ability to retain the crystal violet even after the treatment with an organic decolorizer such as a mixture of acetone and alcohol.

革兰氏染色可以区分二种类型的细菌之细胞壁，有些细菌因其细胞壁的化学特性，能在如丙酮或酒精等脱色剂的处理后，仍能够保留结晶紫的颜色

Based on RAPD data, Nei's gene diversity index averaged 0.2523 and Shannon's information index averaged 0.3730, while Nei's gene diversity index averaged 0. 252 3 and Shannon's informative index averaged 0.3958 based on DOGE data.

结果表明：RAPD分子标记显示不同浓度废水驯化的细菌群落的Nei's指数平均为0.252 3，Shannon's信息指数平均为0.373 0；而采用DGGE技术得到不同浓度废水驯化的细菌群落的h平均为0.252 3，I平均为

Frigoribacterium, Flavobacterium and Arthrobacter are the dominant genera and Brevundimona, Pseudomonas and Pedobacter are the second. Frigoribacterium and Flavobacterium repeatedly occurred in different depths and their quantitative distribution is consistent with the number of culturable bacteria. There are three genera (Cohnella and unclassified_Paenibacillaceae) having not been found in other icy environments, which, perhaps, are of endemism of Tianshan glaciers.

其中Frigoribacterium、Flavobacterium、Arthrobacter为天山1号冰芯中的主要优势菌，Brevundimona、Pserdomonas和Pedobacter为次要优势菌，并且Frigoribacterium和Flavobacterium在冰芯不同深度均有分布，其数量与冰层中可培养细菌数量变化相一致；Cohnella和unclassified_Paenibacillaceae所代表的属的细菌未在其它低温环境下发现，可能为天山冰川的地方种类。

Mixed saliva and pooled plaque samples from the smooth surfaces of teeth were collected for microbiologic analysis before administration (baseline~ day 0).. during treatment (days 7.. 14 and 21) and after withdrawal of the agents (days 28~ 42 and 56) and plaque index were recorded. Microbial cultivation were performed by serially diluting the samples with PBS solution and cultivating the aiquots on Mitis Salivarius Agar and MS supplemented with bacitracin for Oral streptococci and Mutans streptococci respectively. The plates were incubated at 37~C under microaerophilic condition(90%N2,10%CO.,) for 48 hot:rs. The number of colony-forming unit per plate was counted and the percentage of Mutans Streptococci per Oral streptococci in dental plaque were determined.

使用前、使用中1、2、3周及停止使用后1、3、5周分别记录菌斑指数并收集唾液及光滑面集合菌斑样本，应用MS及MSB培养基微需氧环境培养检测唾液和菌斑中口腔链球菌属细菌及变形链球菌的菌落形成数，分析各组使用药物前后唾液中变形链球菌的改变及菌斑中变形链球菌在口腔链球菌属细菌中百分比的变化以及变化的延续性。

Through the analysis, it was thought that the withering of bacteria on phosphorite ore was from the mechanical breakage of the bacteria growth, the bio-degradation of extracellular secretion and the synergistic action of many kinds of factors.

结论］经分析认为细菌对磷矿石的风化作用源自细菌生长导致的机械破坏作用、胞外分泌物的生化降解作用以及多种因素之间的协同作用。

Next, BALB/c mice were orally infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis and its ompR mutant to study metabonomic variation of different intestine-associated organs after 24 h infection. The results showed that a majority of metabolites were decreased during this acid adaptation process, but phosphoenolpyruvate, 5'-GMP, 5'-AMP, 5'-UMP, GDP/GTP of wild type strain and lactate, Tyr, phosphoenolpyruvate, 5'-AMP、GDP/GTP of the ompR mutant strain were increased.

为了探讨病原细菌感染动物后特别是在酸性环境下代谢物的变化规律，首先在体外模拟假结核耶尔森氏菌及其全局性调控因子OmpR突变株在适应酸性环境时所引起的菌体自身的代谢变化，然后通过BALB/c小鼠口服感染耶尔森氏菌，研究小鼠感染病原细菌24h后各种相关器官的代谢变化。

Awry ! You were created to eat up all of the germs and bacteria in a family's home, but nothing will satiate your voracious appetite!

你的建立是为了吃掉所有的细菌和细菌在一个家庭中的家里，但什么事情也干不成satiate您的胃口！

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。