细胞质的

Ca2+concentration in singular Cu treatment group was usually higher than that in composite group by using localization of Ca2+ antimonite precipitation technique,.And distributing of Ca2+ in composite group.has no obvious difference from control group.

运用焦锑酸钾沉淀法发现，单一Cu处理的慈姑根细胞质中的C扩+浓度要比复合处理的普遍高，而复合处理组根细胞内的c扩十分布与对照无显著的差异，只是有较少的细胞中的焦锑酸钙沉淀颗粒比对照多。

The ultrastructural changes during the development of sieve element companion cell complex (SE/CC complex) in Populus deltoides were investigated using electronic microscopy. The result showed that SE and CC tome from the same secondary phloem mother cell. The development of sieve element went through three stages, i. e. immature, mature, and degenerate stage. In immature stages the sieve element presented radial expansion, cell wall thickening, and production of sieve plastid and P-protein. The cytoplasma selectivly autolysed in mature stage. At the same time, karyoplasm was dispersed, and nuclear envelope was not clear, or karyoplasm was disorgnized, and nuclear envelope was clear. The karyopalsm finally turned into P-protein. In degenerate stage, the cytoplasm completely disappeared, and the function was lost.

利用电镜技术研究美洲黑杨次生韧皮部筛管和伴胞发育过程中细胞超微结构的动态变化，观察到筛管和伴胞由同一个次生韧皮部衍生细胞分裂分化形成筛管约发育历经未成熟期、成熟期和衰退期的变化未成熟期筛管分子表现为细胞的径向扩展、壁的增厚、筛管质体和P-蛋白质的产生；成熟期筛管分子细胞组分发生选择性自溶，细胞核核质弥散状，核膜不清晰，或核膜清晰而核物质降解，最后细胞核完全解体转化为P-蛋白质类的物质；衰退期筛管分子细胞质完全解体消失，失去功能。

Tibetanum were more abundant, which can be used to broaden the genetic basis of common wheat. Cluster analysis exhibited that wild emmer had a closer consanguine relationship to hexaploid wheat, as compared to Aegilops tauschi. In addition, it was found that there was a closer genetic relationship in chloroplast genome of common wheat and T. petropavlavskyi, which indicated that T. petropavlavskyi probably derived from the backcross between common wheat and Polish wheat.

结果］与普通小麦相比，斯卑尔脱小麦和西藏半野生小麦等群体内的叶绿体遗传变异更丰富，可以作为普通小麦新的细胞质遗传变异来源；与粗山羊草相比，野生二粒小麦与六倍体小麦间存在更近的亲缘关系，这与前人关于二粒小麦是六倍体细胞质供体的研究结果相印证；研究还发现，新疆稻麦与普通小麦在叶绿体基因组上具有很近的亲缘关系，为新疆稻麦是由波兰小麦与普通小麦杂交再由普通小麦回交后产生的假说提供了分子水平上的证据。

A SSR marker based linkage map covering chromosome 10 and the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 11 of rice was constructed and applied for mapping fertility-restoring genes in Zhenshan 97A/(Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46)F_ 6 population consisting of 704 lines.

应用由704个株系组成的珍汕97A/(珍汕97B/密阳46)F6测交群体，针对水稻第10染色体和第1、11染色体短臂构建了微卫星标记连锁图谱，检测到控制野败型细胞质雄性不育育性恢复的4个QTL，其中位于第10染色体长臂中下部的Rf4具有主效效应，位于第1染色体短臂的Rf3具有较大效应，位于第10染色体长臂近着丝粒处的qRf10和第11染色体短臂近着丝粒处的qRf11表现出微效作用。

Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1;SOD) is a metal-containing enzyme that widely exist in organisms. It catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide free radical and produces hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.It plays an important role in protecting the plasmalemma from the reactive oxygen species.A recombinant plasmid pPICZA-sodM18 was constructed and after its linearization was transferred into chromosome of Pichia pastoris GS115 by electroporation.

超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase；EC 1.15.1.1；SOD)是广泛存在于生物体内的金属酶，是机体内唯一以超氧阴离子自由基(O_2~-)为底物的酶，它能专一地催化O_2~-的歧化反应，生成过氧化氢和氧气，能有效的抵御氧自由基和其他氧化物自由基对细胞质膜的毒性，对机体防御氧化损伤起着十分重要的作用。

Plasmodesma is a supracellular structure of plant organism. It provides a direct cell_to_cell cytoplasmic pathway for material transport and message transference, and converts the colonies of independent cells into an interconnected symplast system.

胞间连丝是植物体的一种超细胞结构(supracellularstructure ，Lucasetal，1 993 )，它把一个个独立的"细胞王国"转变成相互连接的共质体，为植物体的物质运输和信息传递提供了一个直接的从细胞到细胞的细胞质通道。

Micro-tube lysosome with ACPase positive was firstly found since 1973, this kind of structure was observed in many cells, and called line lysosome, these two kinds of lysosome were regarded as manifestation pattern in different period, and was round when it was in relative silence, and line when activating state.

微管是细胞骨架中最粗的一种纤维丝，在活细胞内微管是一种动态的结构，在一定条件下可聚合或解聚，因此细胞内呈现了各种形态的排列方式，以适应变动的细胞质和完成它们各自的功能。

Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093Abstract Plasmodesma is a supracellular structure of plant organism. It provides a direct cell-to-cell cytoplasmic pathway for material transport and message transference, and converts the colonies of independent cells into an interconnected symplast system.

胞间连丝为多细胞植物有机体提供了一个直接的细胞间物质运输和信息传递的细胞质通道，把一个个独立的&细胞王国&转变成相互连接的共质体，它是当今细胞生物学中十分活跃的研究领域。

Dense cytoplasm with abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulums, multivesicular bodies, vesicles and plastids were observed in normal light intensity.

在正常光照下的伴胞具有致密的细胞质，内含丰富的线粒体、内质网、多泡体、囊泡和质体，而弱光下的伴胞明显液泡化，同时含有少量的线粒体和内质网。

Fissa, C. chinensis and P. massoniana under full sunlight was by 42.6%, 32.6% and 4.2% higher than that under shade, respectively. The UV-B absorption of cell wall-bound alkali extractable phenolics in leaves of C. concinna and S. superba grown under full sunlight was by 35% and 11.7% higher than that under shade, respectively. But it was lower in leaves of P. massoniana, C.

全日光强下的黄果厚壳桂和荷木叶片细胞壁碱性酚类提取物的UV-B吸收能力亦分别比遮阴下的高35%和11.7%，而马尾松、锥树和藜蒴则较遮阴下的低，可能这些树种在全日光下细胞壁UV-B吸收物质有部分转移到细胞质，以增强栅栏组织细胞的保护。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。