细胞结构

The results showed that it adapted to saltmorphic circumstances through the following characters: A lot of aerenchyma existed in the vegetative organs;Phellem highly expanded in roots;thick cuticula;more mucilage cells and aleurone grains in parenchyma of roots and stems;A lot of water storing...

结果表明，不同生态环境中生长的马齿苋解剖结构显著不同，盐生马齿苋具有适应盐渍环境的结构特征，这些特征表现为：营养器官通气组织发达；根的次生结构中木栓发达；根、茎的薄壁组织中含有大量的黏液细胞和糊粉粒；叶片表皮的角质膜厚；叶肉中含晶细胞、叶绿体及贮水组织丰富；而这些特征是黑土地上生长的马齿苋所不具备的。

Three-dimensional Matrigel constructs contained aleolar forming units comprised of cells displaying AE2 cellular ultrastructure while expressing the SpC gene and gene product. The addition of tissue-specific growth factors induced formation of branching, sacculated epithelial structures reminiscent of the distal lung architecture.

通过对细胞亚微结构的观察和对SpC基因及其表达产物的分析，研究者发现培养体系中肺组织形成单位中具有能向肺泡II型上皮细胞分化的细胞；而通过添加组织特异性的生长因子，他们还发现这一做法会促进培养组织形成具有分支和囊状上皮结构的类似终末肺泡组织的形态结构。

They encompass the following broad bands of biological roles:(1) basic structural units of cellular membranes and cytologically distinct subcellular bodies such as chloroplasts and mitochondria;(2) compartmentalizing units for metabolically active proteins localized in membranes;(3) a store of chemical energy and carbon skeletons; and (4) primary transport systems of nonpolar material through biological fluids.

这类物质无论在功能上还是结构上都有明显不同，它们具有以下广泛的生物学作用。1。细胞膜和细胞中亚细胞器，如叶绿体和线粒体的基本结构单元。2。定位于细胞膜上具有代谢活性蛋白质的划分单位。3。化学能和碳骨架的储藏物质。4。以生物流的形式使细胞内非极性物质得以运输。

To explain relationship between the effect of CLD on senile Demention and neuron in hippocampal area. The change of natural aging mice's neuron in hippocampal area were studied by applying microscope and transilluminating electric microscope. Results: Comparing with the young control, the old control mice's hippocampus had less small pyramid cells, the nerve cells denaturalizing and their branches reducing in the microscope. Hippocampal nerve cells were degenemiceing, with nucleus membrance crinkling like wave shape were not clear, and chromatin condensing with high electron density, heterochromatin accruing, part cell organs inclosing nucleus, nucleus condensing in the EM.

为了阐明菖龙丹抗老年性痴呆作用与海马区神经元结构的关系，运用光镜和透射电镜观察了菖龙丹对自然衰老小鼠海马区形态的影响，结果显示老年对照组小鼠光镜下海马锥体细胞较青年对照组数量减少，细胞体积变小，神经元变性，分枝减少；电镜下海马神经细胞发生退化改变，核膜皱缩，呈波浪状，膜结构不清晰，核染色质浓缩，电子密度高，异染色质较多，部分胞浆细胞器向细胞核聚集，有的可见细胞核固缩。

These were raised underinducing condition to test if any morphology and structure changes. Twenty two Arabidopsismutants had various changes in morphology and anatomical structures. Twenty mutants hadlow germination rate from 10% to 60%, of which 2 had survival rates at 0% and 50%. Fivemutants occurred structure changes in the hypocotyls or stem. One of these lines, namedarris-stem, showed some unique changes: slower growth rate in comparison with the wildtype from germination to florescence; serrated margin of leaf blades, spiral rosette; morebranch in the bottom part of the stem, shorter nodes, twisted stem and branch. There were oneor several arrises along the stem. Across sections of the arrises showed one or several compactcells lumps which were round, made up of several layers of cells, looked like vascular-bundle.

在诱导条件下，这些突变体表现出不同的形态和结构的变化，共有22个表型和结构发生变化。20个突变系发芽率或存活率较低，发芽率由10％—60％，其中2个突变系存活率分别为0％和50％。5个突变系在茎或下胚轴的结构上发生变化，其中一个突变系arris-stem发生如下表型变化：从真叶出现至开花结实的整个生长期，生长速度要明显比野生型拟南芥缓慢；叶缘有明显锯齿，莲座叶呈螺旋状排列；茎的基部有较多侧枝，侧枝间距明显缩短，茎有明显扭曲；突变体茎侧面有1至数条棱形突起，内部存在一至数个排列紧密的细胞团，由多层细胞呈环形排列，细胞壁明显加厚，内部存在管状分子，推测为维管组织。

Microstructures of the two inbred lines in 3、5、7、10、15、20 and 25 DAP seven stages during endosperm development showed that endosperms were in the stage of cell division in 10 DAP,then endosperm cells accumulated substances rapidly.In 20 DAP,endosperm cells were filled with starch grains.The endosperm structure was also different between the two inbreds, hard and soft endosperm for N04 and Dan232,respectively.

两个自交系胚乳发育的显微结构观察发现，N04和丹232在10 DAP处于细胞分裂阶段，之后胚乳细胞内含物快速增长，20 DAP胚乳细胞充满淀粉粒。N04胚乳发育成硬质型，丹232胚乳发育成粉质型，两个自交系的胚乳结构存在较大差异。

These results indicated that HA and PmmA are both good bone graft substitutes for mastoid obliteration causing no structural or functional damage to inner ear and inducing no rejection or inflammatory reaction. PmmA, in particular, can be prepared as the occasion requires and can be solidified in a short time, making itself endurable and mouldable.

内耳连续切片，HE染色，光镜观察：实验耳耳蜗结构，形态正常，毛细胞排列整齐，〓泡内壁对HA和PmmA未呈现任何炎性细胞和巨噬细胞等，表明人造骨对内耳结构和功能无损害，不引起排斥或炎症反应，相容性好，是良好的骨组织代替材料，尤其是骨水泥可临时配制，能在短时间内象水泥一样凝固，具有一定的抗压性及成形性，是一种良好的乳突重建材料。

The research on the tissue culture and cell suspension culture showed that thesuitable culture medium for inducing bud was MS supplemented with 1.5mg/L 6-BAand 0.1mg/L NAA, and for the generation-continuing multiplication was MSsupplemented with 1.5mg/L 6-BA and 0.2mg/L NAA. The rooting medium was1/2MS supplemented with 0.5mg/L IBA and the rooting rate was 45.0%. Plantletsurvival after transfer to sand was 52.5%.The induction rate of calli was66.7%～86.6% and the optimum medium was MS medium with 0.5mg/L 6-BA and2.0mg/L 2,4-D. The calli became smallest partical size, friable and had gooddispersion ability after 3 times successive transfer culture, the optimum medium wasMS medium with 0.2mg/L 6-BA and 2.0mg/L 2,4-D. Culturing these particles on sixkinds of MS liquid media with different hormone contents, the optimum medium wasselected basing on he change of the density of single-cell, the density of cellaggrefate and the mass of cell.

对蒜头果进行的组织培养与细胞悬浮培养研究结果表明：MS+6-BA1.5mg／L+NAA0.1mg／L+蔗糖3％激素组合能够较好地诱导芽的初始分化和增殖，适宜的芽苗继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA1.5mg／L+NAA0.2mg／L+蔗糖3％；采用1／2MS+IBA0.5mg／L+蔗糖3％为生根培养基，生根率为45.0％；移栽到河沙的生根苗成活率为52.5％；愈伤组织诱导率为66.7％～86.6％，其中以MS+6-BA0.5mg／L+2，4-D2.0mg／L+蔗糖3％的培养基最佳，其诱导出的愈伤组织具有较强的增殖能力和较好的脆散结构，最佳继代培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg／L+2，4-D2.0mg／L+蔗糖3％，且培养基中的6-BA与2，4-D浓度的比值越小，愈伤组织生长越快，结构越脆散，增殖率越高；将继代后的愈伤组织转入6种含不同激素浓度组合的MS液体培养基中进行振荡培养，在综合分析各培养基的单细胞密度，细胞团块密度，细胞生物量增长率等指标后，初步筛选出MS+6-BA0.2mg／L+2，4-D2.0mg／L培养基为较好的液体培养基。

In order to elucidate the regulation mechanism of RU5 region to BFV gene expression, BFV3026 provirus DNA was used to construct the plasmids containing different deletion of R region, which were cotransfected with luc report gene locatied behind the IP promoter to BL12 cells, and luciferase activities was assayed, confirming that U5 region could repress the initiation function of LTR as well as IP. The BFV structure genes with different deletion of R region were cloned closely behind to heterogenous CMV promoter, then transfected to 293T cells, RT activity was performed, testifying the R region was required for BFV pol gene expression, and also the function domain was identified within the 100n.t. sequence at the 5′end.

以牛泡沫病毒(Bovine foamy virus， BFV)中国株BFV3026原病毒DNA为材料，构建R区系列缺失质粒，通过对其转染细胞中RT水平及对缺失质粒与luc报告质粒共转染细胞中萤火虫荧光素酶活性的测定，确立U5区对于BFV3026两类启动子LTR和IP均具有负调控作用；同时将带有不同R区的BFV3026结构基因片段克隆于异源启动子CMV之下，通过对其转染细胞293T中RT酶活性的测定，确立R区对于病毒结构基因pol的表达具有一定的调节作用，并将其功能区域初步界定在R区5′端100bp内。

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor,which is mainly expressed on sertoli cells of the testis and granular cells of ovary.

卵泡刺激素受体(follicle-stimulating hormone receptor，FSHR)是一种具有七个跨膜结构的G蛋白耦联受体，主要分布于睾丸支持细胞和卵巢颗粒细胞，其N端拥有一个大的细胞外结构域，用于结合FSH。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新