细胞结构

Acellular allogeneic dermal matrix is the dermal replacement of heterogenous human skin in which the cellular elements have been removed by special technique and basement membrane complex have been remained. It becomes a kind of 3D porous acellular dermal scaffold. It supports fibroblast infiltration, neovascularization and epithelialization in the absence of an inflammatory response.

异体脱细胞真皮基质（acellular allogeneic dermal matrix， ADM）来源于正常的异体皮肤组织，经过特殊的理化处理去除真皮中的细胞成分，保留原有的胶原三维结构和完整的基底膜，成为一种多孔的三维膜性支架，其空间网状结构有利于细胞的增殖、毛细血管增生，加速组织的愈合过程，移植后可以迅速被血管化和自体细胞重建。

Results indicated that the variation was significant from treatment to treatment. S-deficiency caused bulging chloroplasts, loosening and dishevelled grana lamella, reducing organelle, and damaged chondriosome in mesophyll cells of the leaves, and empty cells of the roots, while S-excess, however, led to densification, condensation and randomization of grana lamella of the chloroplasts of the leaves, and separation of cytoplasms from walls of the cells of the roots.

结果表明，受S素营养胁迫的水稻，其根系及叶片的超微结构均发生了显著的变化：低S胁迫会造成水稻叶片叶肉细胞内的叶绿体结构肿胀，基粒片层松驰、散乱，细胞器减少，线粒体结构被破坏，根系细胞内几乎没有内含物；S浓度高则会使叶片叶绿体基粒片层致密、浓缩，无规则化，根系细胞发生质壁分离。

The cortical cells had thin walls and mitochondrium, and nucleus wassurrounded by chloroplasts, and vesicles were next to cell plasmalemma. However, cellwalls of velamen, cortex and exodermis in the mycorrhiza of D. nobile had ring orpapillary thickenings in many cases. The hyphae were surrounded by moremitochondria and vesicles of plant, and the hyphae were digested and their structure waschanged at last. The cell wall of endodermis also had typical ring thickenings, and manysieve orifices in sieve tube elements of phloem were covered by callose, while therewere liaison cords in a few sieve orifices.

金钗石斛菌根的根被细胞的细胞壁多处出现环形圈，外皮层细胞壁加厚，木质化，也有环形圈存在，皮层细胞细胞壁多角形明显，加厚，皮层细胞中存在被消化、失去结构的真菌菌丝，在菌丝周围有较多的线粒体、小泡，内皮层细胞的细胞壁呈现的典型的加厚及木质化环形圈，韧皮部筛管的筛板结构，绝大多数筛孔已为胼胝质所覆盖，仅个别筛孔中还存在连络索。

Using phalloidium staining we observed a sharp disappearance of the actin stress fibers, formation of extensive microvilli as demonstrated by the scanning microscopy and formation of typical bile canaliculi structures as confirmed by a monoclonal antibody to aminopeptidase N which is a BC specific antigen. The appearance of microvilli and BC suggested that selenium is able to elicit a differentiation reprogramming.

利用Rhodamine pholloidin 染细胞内的F-actin 显示出细胞内的stress fiber 大部分都消失；利用Scanning electron microscope可以检测到细胞表面有明显的microvilli 的结构；并且利用标定胆小管的特殊蛋白可以发现硒元素可以诱导HuH7 肝癌细胞分化产生胆小管的结构。

Thunberg Fritillary Bulb is one of the most popular Traditional Chinese herbs. Some trials in vivo and animals indicated that Peimine and Peiminine, extracted from Thunbery Fritillary Bulb, have the function of reversing MDR of two different kinds of mechanisms. They can improve the cytotoxic of ADR to cancer cells by 5～10 folds under concentration of 10% cancer cell growth inhibitory rate. Peimine and Peiminine not only feather typical character of modifier of MDR, but also differ from other moldifiers such as Calcium channel blocker, Cyclosporines in chemical structure, they belong to cevine groups alkaloid, a subgroup of C-Nor-D-homosteroid alkaloid.

浙贝母是临床常用中药，体外及动物试验证明，浙贝母中的有效活性成分贝母甲素和贝母乙素具有逆转肿瘤细胞MDR的作用，而且能逆转两种不同机制的多药耐药肿瘤细胞的耐药性，在无明显细胞毒剂量下，可使阿霉素对耐药肿瘤细胞的杀伤活性提高5-10倍，不但具备明确的多药耐药逆转剂的特征，而且在化学结构上属异甾类生物碱中的瑟文类生物碱，完全不同于钙离子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂和其它现有的耐药逆转剂，具有作用靶点宽、化学结构独特的特点。

Immunocytochemical staining was used to identify sarcomeric actin and intercalated disc-like structure when the cells were cultured for additional 1 week, 2 or 3 weeks, respectively. RESULTS: Sarcomeric actin positive cells were observed in 1 week, 2 or 3 weeks after 5-aza treatment. Some cells stained positive for connexin43 at 1 week and 2 weeks after 5-aza treatment, with brown pellet located dispersively around nucleus.

结果： 5-aza处理后1周、2周、3周均可见横纹肌肌动蛋白染色阳性细胞。5-aza处理后1周及2周连结蛋白43在部分细胞上表达：呈核周散在分布的棕黄色颗粒，5-aza处理后3周连结蛋白43 在细胞密度大的区域呈核周聚集成线形分布的棕黄色颗粒，个别细胞间可见此结构，类似正常心肌的闰盘结构。

The chloroplast of the mesophyllous cells in the white part of the green-white leaf of PM3 were dissolving or had dissolved.

观察其叶片表面结构和叶肉细胞超微结构，结果表明：3个突变株系的叶片气孔密度增大，气孔面积减少，单位视野中气孔所占面积比则变化不大；叶肉细胞中叶绿体体积增大，形状变圆并移向细胞中央；PM3株系白绿相间叶片的白色部分，其叶肉细胞中叶绿体多数正在或已经消解，结构不完整。

Histologically,the activity of cell division in scutellar epithelium and callus cluster derived from it was higher in cultivar Aikoku than Moritawase.Moreover different types of differentiation in the epithelial callus were observed,the rootlike structures and globular cell clusters with epidermislike structure were found in the calli of cultivar Moritawase and Aikoku respectively.

组织学的观察表明，Aikoku的种胚盾片上皮组织以及由上皮细胞起源的愈伤组织的细胞分裂活性高于Moritawase；而且在上述2个品种中还观察到不同的细胞分化类型，在Aikoku的愈伤组织中观察到了带有表皮状结构的圆形细胞块，而在Moritawase的愈伤组织中却观察到了根状结构。

The morphology and structure of reconstructed tissue was detected by microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results:(1) Compared with the control group, the cellular proportion of laminin group increased in 62 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly. As shown by the microscope, the cells of control group were in low density. The cells in mass connected tightly. The microfilament appeared reticular formation. The nucleus were the same in size. The cells of laminin group were in high density and put out so many lamellipodia, filopodia, which connected with the surrounding cells. The microfilament increased, elongated, and changed from reticulodromous to sarciniform, which reached to the pseudopods. The nucleus were different in size .(2) As shown by the inverted microscope and the cell growth curve, comparing with the controlgroup, cells of each test group increased evidently. The cellular proportion of each test group increased in S phase and G2 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly, but there was no considerable interations between LN and EGF;(3) As shown by the morphological observations, the cultured cat corneal endothelial cells formed an integrated membrane, and attached to the Descemets membrane closely, which was similar to the natural tissue. The cells connected tightly to each other, and some of them arranged in hexagon approximately.

结果：(1)层粘连蛋白组处于G_2～M期细胞比例较对照组显著提高，Go～G_1期细胞比例显著下降，提示层粘连蛋白促进内皮细胞DNA合成，及细胞分裂增殖；光镜下，对照组细胞分布成团状，细胞密度较低，细胞间连接紧密，细胞内微丝结成网状，细胞核大小一致；与对照组相比，层粘连蛋白组细胞生长旺盛，细胞密度高，向周边伸出大量板状及丝状伪足，细胞内微丝增多、拉长、集结成束，伸入伪足中，细胞核形状大小不一致；(2)倒置显微镜观察及细胞生长曲线显示，各组细胞数目随时间增加而明显增多，各实验组较对照组增生显著，EGF和LN联合应用组各时间点细胞数目最高；实验组处于S期和G_2～M期细胞数目增加，Go～G_1期细胞数目减少；提示EGF、LN单独及联合应用均可促进细胞增殖，但尚不能认为二者有交互作用；(3)倒置显微镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞排列成密集的单层，细胞间连接紧密；组织学观察发现，培养的猫角膜内皮细胞形成完整的内皮层，贴附于脱水基质的后弹力膜上，与正常的角膜内皮组织结构相似；扫描电镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞间紧密镶嵌排列，可见某些细胞呈近似六边形排列，细胞大小不甚一致，胞核清晰。

The effects of the mutation of some conserved residues on the structure, stability and redox potential of cytochrome 〓 have been discussed based on the structural comparison of the five mutants with wild type Tb5, respectively.

为阐明某些保守残基在细胞色素〓的结构和功能的相互关系以及电子传递过程中所起的作用，探讨制约或影响细胞色素〓的构效关系的主要因素，本论文对野生型Tb5及其一系列突变体进行了结构比较，并根据这些结果对细胞色素〓的三维结构与生物功能的相互关系进行了初步探讨。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新