细胞学

Key words］ Melanoma;Meningeal neoplasms;Cytology;Magnetic resonance imaging;Symptoms and signs

关键词］黑色素瘤；脑膜肿瘤；细胞学；磁共振成像；症状和体征

Cerebrospinal fluid cytological examination is an important way to diagnose meningeal carcinomatos...

脑脊液细胞学检查是诊断脑膜癌病的主要依据，本病目前尚无有效的治疗方法，脑膜癌病预后不良。

The result showed that the polarization of populations and gene fluxes are different in different species. The polarization and gene fluxes of populations of 3 Nitavias are lower except N. sphaerocarpa. The heredity coherence of each population is change from 0.8561 to 0.9694. The polarization in the populations is low, and they have the together ancestor. This is similar to morphology and cytology result, so RAPD is a useful supple mentary method in assessing genetic relationship among Nitraria species.

结果表明：白刺属植物的遗传分化程度和基因流因种而异，除球果白刺以外，其余3种白刺的种群间有很大的基因流，其遗传一致度在0.8561~0.9694之间，而种间遗传分化程度较低，故4种白刺有着相近的祖先，这与形态学和细胞学的分析结果一致，说明RAPD分析方法可从分子生物学角度为白刺属植物的系统学分类提供更为有利和可靠的证据。

Results: the positive rates of ck19 and ck20 in the anterior lobe of transverse mesocolon were 43.3% and 30.0% respectively, which were obviously higher than plc（10.0%）. the positive rate was increased with the depth of tumor invasion.

结果：ck19及ck20在胃癌患者横结肠系膜前叶中的表达阳性率分别为43.3％和30.0％，明显高于腹腔灌洗液细胞学检查法（10.0％），且阳性率因肿瘤侵出浆膜层而升高。

The relative conductivity of leaves, ultrastructural changes of mesophyllous cells under heat acclimation and heat stress, the differences in gene expression of leaves under hest shock can be used as physiologic, cytologic and molecular biologic indexes respectively for evaluating heat tolerance.

在热锻炼和热胁迫过程中叶片相对电导率、叶肉细胞超微结构的变化，以及热击条件下叶片基因表达差异，可分别作为耐热性评价的生理学、细胞学和分子生物学指标。

The cytogenetics of interspecific hybrids among the four cultivated cotton species were studied in this paper and results are as follows: The diploid interspecific hybrid (G. arboreum×G. herbacium) F〓 had a four-chromosome-ring at the meiotic metakinesis. The synapses of tetraploid hybrid (G. hirsutum ×G. barbadense) F〓 was found to be regular, which mainly formed bivalents, sometimes some univalents, multivalents and chromosome bridge.

四个栽培棉种间杂交种F〓的细胞学观察结果表明，F〓减数分裂中期Ⅰ，形成一个环状四价体，直接证明了亚洲棉与草棉之间存在一对相互易位；F〓减数分裂中期Ⅰ联会基本正常，主要形成二价体，偶尔出现一些单价体和多价体，以及染色体桥。

However, compared with their parents, these plants showed some degeneration. Aside from pure diploid plants, mixoploid plants also were obtained by inducing of DMSO. Furthermore, there was much cytology behavior variation of mitosis between pure diploid and mixoploid plants.

DMSO诱导玉米孤雌生殖除获得纯合二倍体植株外，还获得了部分的混倍体，细胞染色体有丝分裂细胞学行为也相对有较大的变异。

To summarize molecular, morphology, chromosome and pollen characters, the conclusion was reached that Epimedium was an nd monophyletic taxon. To divide the genus into any groups would be artificial. It is proposed that the disjunction by space, climate and seas were the main reason of respectively differentiation of each group by the view of geographic and climate changes in the temperate zone of the world. Because of its evolution-conservation, the disjunction did not bring about obvious divergence on the level of molecular and morphology.

综合分子特征和形态、细胞学、孢粉学等性状，提出淫羊藿属是一个进化上极为保守的、自然的单系的植物类群，进行属下任何阶元的划分都将是人为的，从旧世界温带的地质变化及气候变迁的角度推测，空间、气候和海洋的隔离是产生类群各自分化的主要原因，但由于其进化上极度保守，这些隔离尚未产生出类群间形态上和分子水平上的明显趋异。

In this paper, we review recent advances on mucilaginous seeds, with emphasis on （1） chemical composition of seed mucilage;（2） morphological characteristics of mucilaginous seed coats and mucilage;（3） biochemical processes in and genetic regulation of differentiation of mucilage-secreting cells, mucilage biosynthesis and mucilage secretion in the seed coat; and （4） ecological significance of seed mucilage.

为此，在广泛查阅相关文献的基础上，该文综合分析了国内外种子粘液的研究进展，并重点探讨了以下几方面问题：（1）种子粘液的化学成分：（2）粘液及粘液种皮的形态特征：（3）粘液细胞分化与粘液生物合成的细胞学及基因调控机制以及粘液的释放方式：（4）种子粘液的生态学意义。

Cytology revealed 3-dimensional groups of ductal cells in a background of myoepithelial cells and stromal cells, consistent with a fibroadenoma.

对该肿块进行细针抽吸活检，细胞学显示以肌上皮细胞和基质细胞为背景的三维导管细胞结构，与纤维腺瘤结构一致。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。