细胞基质的

The suspension cells of the heart at E11 were respectively cultured in co-culture system based in the stromal cells from the heart, the fetal liver and AGM region with the same conceptus age, and c-kit+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometer, estimating the effect of different stromal cells on HSCs\' amplification.

将培养24h后的E11心脏悬浮细胞分别置入由同期的心脏内皮细胞、胎肝基质细胞和AGM区基质细胞构成的共培养体系中，于0h， 24h和48h分别检测c-kit+细胞比率，研究各组织基质细胞对HSCs扩增的影响。

Methods Porcine bile duct and ureter were treated using detergent sodium dodecylsulphate and 1% Triton X-100 to prepare the acellular lumens matrix. The toxic effects of different concentrations of acellular lumens matrix extract were tested by MTT to assess the proliferation of human scarfskin fibroblasts. The cytotoxicity of the target biomaterial was graded according to the national standards. The growth manner of the human intrahepatic bile duct endothelial cells seeded on the acellular lumens matrix was studied after 20 d under scanning electron microscopy.

采用十二烷基磺酸钠、Triton X-100处理封闭群小香猪输尿管和胆管，获得去细胞管腔基质支架材料； MTT法检测基质支架材料的不同浓度浸提液对细胞增殖的影响，并按医用生物材料细胞毒性分级标准进行评级；在基质支架材料上种植人肝内胆管上皮细胞，于接种后20 d通过扫描电镜观察人肝内胆管上皮细胞在支架上的生长情况。

The study showed the recombinant wt/mCREG protein depressed the VSMC proliferation depending on dose and the optimal concentration was 400nM;2biologic function of CREG protein and the membrance receptor mechanism:①effect on VSMC migration: the wound healing experiment showed the OB2 cells migration was slower significantly after added wt/mCREG(400Nm) in supernatant. The HITASY cells migration were very slowly and no remarkable change. The gelatinase digestion and Western blot analysis showed the matrix metalloproteinase was decreased and TIMPs was increased;②effect on differentiation: after added wt/mCREG(400nM), the expression of myocardin, SMα-actin, MHC and caldesmin were increased and that of LM-1 and FN were decreased in OB2 cells. These effects were more significant when adding wtCREG.;③effect on VSMC proliferation: Cell cycle assay and BrDU stain showed: after added the wtCREG and mCREG protein, the ratio of cell in G0/G1 phase increased to 0.5773 and 0.5572 from 0.5308 respectively in OB2 group, which increased to 0.7369 and 0.7034 respectively from 0.6297 in HITASY group;3Role of M6P/IGF2R in CREG biologic function:①ELISA and co-immunoprecipitation showed the wt/mCREG binding to M6P/IGF2R directly.②antibody blocking test: when the anti-IGF2R was added to medium at the same time with wt/mCREG at different concentration(2μg/mL、4μg/mL、8μg/mL),the effects of CREG protein which depressing proliferation, migration, secretion and promoting differentiation were blocked, which had the positive correlation to the concentration of added anti body. The studies showed two combinant CREG promoted VSMC switch to differentiation phaenotype, at the same time, depress VSMC proliferation, migration and secreting extracellular matrix.

上述实验结果证实：两种重组CREG蛋白对VSMC增殖均有剂量依赖性的抑制作用，并且相同浓度的糖基化的CREG蛋白对细胞增殖的抑制效应更为显著，最佳效应浓度为400nM；2两种重组CREG蛋白添加后对HITASY和OB2细胞生物学行为的影响：①CREG蛋白对VSMC迁移的影响：刮伤实验发现，加入最佳效应浓度的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白24h后，OB2组迁移能力下降，HITASY组无明显变化；细胞外基质金属蛋白酶-2，9(Matrix metallo-proteinase 2，9，MMP2 ，9)明胶酶电泳检测和Western blot检测结果证实，两种CREG蛋白均可以使OB2细胞合成细胞外基质MMP2，9减少，而组织金属蛋白酶抑制物(Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases，TIMPs)增加；②CREG蛋白对VSMC分化的影响：加入400nM的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白12h后，OB2细胞myocardin、SMα-actin、MHC、caldesmin表达增加，LM-1、FN表达减少；③流式细胞仪分析细胞周期和BrDU染色分析证实，加入400nM的wtCREG和mCREG蛋白后，OB2组G0/G1期细胞由0.5308分别增加至0.5773和0.5572，HITASY组G0/G1期细胞由0.6297分别增加至0.7369和0.7034；3M6P/IGF2R在重组CREG蛋白的生物学功能中的调控作用：①免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光双染色分析结果显示，CREG蛋白与M6P/IGF2R存在直接结合；②应用抗体阻断实验：将不同浓度的anti- M6P/IGF2R(2、4、8μg /mL)与两种CREG蛋白同时加入培养液中，CREG蛋白抑制VSMC增值、迁移和合成细胞外基质、促进分化的效应减弱，而且与加入anti- M6P/IGF2R浓度正相关。

Since 1962, when Gross and Lapiere discovered the first MMPs-collagenase, man had discovered various of MMPs in succession, where MMP-2 has a strong degradational effect on extracellular matrix, it is secreted bymacrophage, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells and so on.

自从 1962年 Gross和 Lapiere发现第一种基质金属蛋白酶一胶原酶以来，人类陆续发现了很多种基质金属蛋白酶，其中的MMP—2对细胞外基质具有极强的降解作用，它由巨噬细胞、平滑肌细胞以及内皮细胞等分泌，在动脉粥样硬化斑块中憎多时降解纤维帽及基底膜的胶原等基质成分，是使纤维帽变薄及加速动脉粥样硬化的重要因素之一。

Theurinary IL-6 level positively correlated with density of glomerular matrix membrane, global sclerosis, fiber or fibrocellular crescents and interstitial fibrosis (p. 05). According to the degree of density of glomerular matrix membrane and interstitial fibrosis, urinary Col-IV level had better correlation than urinary TGF-betal and IL-6 levels.In IgAN, Col-IV showed increased expression in diseased renal tissue whereas the site of expression of TGF-betal was mainly localized within the cytoplasm of tubular epithelial cells. Interstial expressionwas also present but glomerular TGF-betal expression was found only in patients with heavy mesangial proliferation. There was a significant correlation between glomerular positivity for Col-IV and severity of histological damage. There was also a significant correlation between positivity for TGF-betal and Col-IV in the tubular epithelial and interstitial lesions. In contrast, there was no ralationship between glomerular positivity for TGF-betal and severity of histological damage.The urinary TGF-betal level paralleled tubular TGF-betal expression.

结果 ①IgAN患者尿TGF-β1、IL-6、Col-Ⅳ水平较健康人明显增高(P＜0.01)，该变化与血中的浓度无关(P＞0.05)；②尿TGF-β1水平与小管间质TGF-β1阳性表达呈正相关(P=0.000)，而与小球TGF-β1阳性表达无关(P＞0.05)，尿Col-Ⅳ水平与小球和小管间质Col-Ⅳ阳性表达均呈良好的相关性(P＜0.01)，还与小管间质TGF-β1阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.05)：③小球Col-Ⅳ阳性表达与肾组织慢性病变密切相关(P＜0.05)，小管间质Col-Ⅳ和TGF-β1阳性表达均与肾小管间质病变呈良好的相关性(P＜0.01)，而小球TGF-β1阳性表达与肾组织损伤无关(P＞0.05)；④尿TGF-β1、Col-Ⅳ水平与肾小球基质基底膜面密度、小管间质病变呈正相关(P＜0.01)，与小球内细胞数呈负相关(P＜0.05)，该结果与其在组织中的表达一致；尿IL-6水平浙江大学硕士学位论文尿TGF一B一、IL一6和Col一IV在IgA肾病中的应用价值与基质基底膜面密度、球性硬化、纤维或细胞纤维新月体所占肾小球百分数及小管间质病变均有显著的相关性(F.05)；在轻度肾病理损伤时，尿'l'G卜pl、I卜6、Col一IV水平即升高，而尿Col一W在反映细胞外基质积聚和间质纤维化程度上比尿TGF一pl和IL一6有更好的相关性。

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are capable of chondrogenesis, making them a possible source of cells for injectable cartilage tissue engineering. There exist different ideas on the ability of mesenchymal stem cells's chondrogenesis in monolayer culture. Because of this, the effect of adult rabbit's bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenesis in monolayer culture was studied. The mesenchymal stem cells was isolated from adult rabbit's bone marrow and monolayer cultured. TGF-β1, Vit-C and Dexamethasone were used. Immunohistochemistry analyses and histological staining of H-E, Methylaniline blue and Alcian blue were performed to identify the expression of collagen type Ⅱ and cartilage associated matrix. The results showed that the induced cells expressed and produced collagen type Ⅱ and cartilage associated matrix. This suggests that the differentiation of adult rabbit's marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocyte in monolayer culture is feasible and may be induced by TGF-β1, Vit-C and Dexamethasone.

骨髓基质干细胞的软骨分化潜能使其可能成为可注射组织工程化软骨研究的种子细胞，为探讨体外培养的骨髓基质干细胞在平面诱导条件下软骨分化的可行性，我们进行下列实验：获取并体外平面培养成体兔骨髓基质干细胞，应用TGF-β〓、Vit-C和地塞米松对其软骨分化诱导，诱导后的骨髓基质干细胞行细胞爬片组织学和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化，结果证实，诱导后骨髓基质干细胞可分泌Ⅱ型胶原，组织学染色可见类似于软骨细胞，由此证明体外培养的骨髓基质干细胞在平面诱导条件下可以软骨分化，其软骨诱导因子为TGF-β〓、Vit-C和地塞米松。

All the transfected and un-transfected rMSCs were attached to Allo-DBMs. These new biomaterials were implanted in muscle bags and segmental radius defects of the New Zealand white rabbits, and some controlled material groups were established for comparison. All the biomaterials and the controlled materials were assessed by gross observation, radiographical and histological methods.

取兔自体骨髓基质细胞培养扩增，用脂质体介导的方法转染人骨发生蛋白2基因，将转染和未转染人骨发生蛋白2基因的自体骨髓基质细胞附和于异体兔脱钙骨基质形成新的生物植骨材料，连同空白及单纯脱钙骨基质对照组植入兔前肢肌袋和桡骨缺损。2、4、6、8周分别取材进行大体，放射线和病理观察。

Allogeneic and syngeneic fresh bone, autolyzed antigen-extracted bone, bone matrix gelatin, demineralized bone matrix were implanted into the muscle pouch of mice, at different times after implantation, the immunological, histological and alkaline phosphatase assay were conducted. The results revealed that all four kinds of allogeneic implants activated specific cellular and humoral immune responses, most notably in fresh bone group, the AAA, BMG and DBM inhibited the proliferation of the lymphocytes in vitro and BMG had the most powerful inhibiting action, allogeneic AAA, BMG and DBM might induce heterotopic osteogenesis in vivo, however, there were obvious difference in ALP and histomorphometry between allografts and isografts.

在小鼠肌肉内植入同种异体或同系新鲜骨、自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质，术后免疫学、碱性磷酸酶、组织学检查发现：4种同种异体植入物均可引发特异性细胞免疫反应和体液免疫反应，其中以新鲜骨移植引发的免疫反应最为显著；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质在体外具有抑制淋巴细胞增殖的作用，骨基质明胶对淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用最显著；同种异体与同系4种植入物在体内成骨活性有显著差异；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质均有异位诱导成骨活性，其中骨基质明胶骨诱导活性最佳。

Specific inhibition of Hh signalling using small molecule inhibitors, a neutralizing anti-Hh antibody or genetic deletion of smoothened in the mouse stroma results in growth inhibition in xenograft tumour models.

由癌细胞分泌的Hedgehog配体，在肿瘤表皮细胞中未能激活信号作用，而是在&基质&上发挥作用（&基质&由细胞外基质、成纤维细胞、内皮细胞和微血管组成，恶性细胞着床于其中）。

In this article, the effect of different water pH (pH 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)on the secretion of nacre of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii were studied with histochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy.

结果表明：在中性水环境中，贝体能积极地从外界水环境中吸收钙，并能旺盛地合成和分泌贝壳珍珠层及珍珠有机基质前体物质；持续的酸性水环境导致贝体的钙严重丢失，并引起珍珠质分泌细胞对有机基质前体物质的合成和分泌能力减弱；持续的碱性水环境虽能导致贝体对钙的积累，但珍珠质分泌细胞合成和分泌珍珠质有机基质前体物质的能力减弱；水环境的酸性或碱性程度越高，对珍珠质分泌细胞的合成和分泌活动的影响越大。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失