细胞坏死

The expression of sTNFRⅠin transfected pericementum cell culture supernatant was higher than the contrast groups.

质粒PcDNA3.1-sTNFRⅠ可以在牙周膜细胞中高效表达，并且可以抑制肿瘤坏死因子的活性。

Periosteal cell transplantation can improve the repair of ANFH.

骨膜细胞移植对缺血性坏死的股骨头具有修复作用。

We found that intravenously administered arginine significantly decreased the spleen weight, the serum interleukin-6 level, and IL-6 production by leukocytes, splenic macrophages, and thymocytes; significantly decreased tumor-necrosis factor-α production of leukocytes and thymocytes; and significantly increased the stimulating index of cell proliferation in T-thymocytes in peritonitic rats.

结果显示，静脉给予arginine显著降低腹膜炎大鼠脾脏重量、血清间白素-6、与白血球、脾脏巨噬细胞及胸腺细胞IL-6分泌量，且显著降低白血球与胸腺细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α分泌量，但显著增加胸腺细胞增生的刺激指数。

The perivascular inflammatory infiltrates are mainly small lymphocytes without associated necrosis or other features of usual CNS lymphomas.

血管周围炎症细胞浸润主要是小淋巴细胞而未见坏死或者其他中枢神经性炎症时常见的其他征象。

AIM: To study the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the production of tumor necrosis factor-α in U937 cells.

目的：初步探讨人中性粒细胞抑制U937细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α生成的机制。

Abstract］ AIM: To study the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the production of tumor necrosis factor-α in U937 cells.

摘 要］目的：初步探讨人中性粒细胞抑制U937细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α生成的机制。

In 29 cases, infiltrated regien tissue, scar-like collagen, surrounding soft tissue, envelope or vessel: frozen section to paraffin section 86.2%/96.6%, 100%/100%, 37.9%/41.4%, 13.8%/41.4% and 0.0%/10.3%, respectively. Referenced criteria line of psammoma bodies, necrosis and cells heteromorphism appeared in frozen section and paraffin section 62.1%/58.6%, 13.8%/10.3% and 37.9%/24.1% respectively.

主要指标为浸润局部组织、瘢痕样胶原、周围软组织、包膜或血管：冷冻切片与石蜡切片分别占86.2%/96.6%，100%/100%，37.9%/41.4%，13.8%/41.4%或0.0%/10.3%；辅助指标为沙砾体、坏死或细胞异型性：冷冻切片与石蜡切片分别占62.1%/58.6%，13.8%/10.3%或

The psammoma body mineralization in meningioma is a common type of mineralizationThe analysis of the mineral composition may provide some support information in finding the reason of happening and developing of the diseaseThis paper focuses on the concentric layered structure mineralization in meningiomas, using mineralogical methods, such as HRSEM, ESEM, EDAX, EPMA, HRTEM, XRD and FTIR to systematically investigate the mineral composition, structure and shape of the minerals in psammoma bodies in meningiomasWe have devised a method for preparing the silicon wafer sheet which was used for the ESEM insitu observations and analysisIn this study, we first got the ESEM and HRTEM images of the initial mineralization phase of meningiomasThese images showed that in the early stage of psammoma body mineralization in meningiomas, many mineralized balls composed of octocaphosphate were precipitated on the collagen fibersThese balls continued to grow and aggregate, and were gradually hydrolyzed to become the dahlliteThe continued development of mineralization resulted in the mineralized collagen fibersThe study revealed that the concentric layered structure of the psammoma bodies in meningiomas is formed by the spiral arrangement of the mineralized collagen fibers on which the mineralized grains precipitated.

砂粒体矿化是脑膜瘤中常见的矿化类型，对其形成机理和矿物成分的分析可能会对肿瘤发生、发展的研究提供辅助信息。该研究选取人脑膜瘤中的砂粒体矿化作为研究对象，采用偏光显微镜、环境扫描电镜及能谱、X射线衍射仪、高分辨透射电镜和电子探针对样品的形貌、结构和成分进行测试分析，并以此为依据探讨脑膜瘤中砂粒体的形成机理。研究结果表明矿化的初期为沉淀在胶原纤维上的矿化小球，成分为磷酸八钙；矿化小球不断生长聚集，并逐步水解为碳羟磷灰石晶体，矿化的不断发展致使胶原纤维也发生矿化。砂粒体的同心层状构造是由螺旋状排列的矿化胶原纤维及沉淀在其上的矿化颗粒组成的集合体，而不是多数研究中所述：砂粒体是以坏死细胞残骸为中心由内至外的同心层沉淀。

The necrotic epithelium becomes embedded in exuding fibrin and red and white cells,so that a grayish pseudomembrane is formed-commonly over the tonsils,pharynx or larynx.

坏死的上皮细胞被纤维蛋白、红细胞和白细胞凝聚在一起形成灰白色的假膜，通常覆盖在扁桃腺、咽或喉。

Histopathological observation: 4 weeks after operation, diffuse presence of empty lacunae and pyknotic nuclei of osteocytes were found in the trabeculae, and few newborn micrangium could been seen in group A; lots of empty lacunae and a small quantity of newborn micrangium could been found in group B; and large amounts of osteoblats and newborn micrangium were found around the necrosis regions in groups C and D.

组织病理学观察，术后4周A组见空骨陷窝，无新生毛细血管；B组空骨陷窝较多，有少量新生毛细血管：C、D组空骨陷窝减少，坏死区有大量增生活跃的成骨细胞及新生毛细血管。D组空骨陷窝阳性数及微血管密度分别为19.30 1.52和7.08 1.09，与其他组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。