细胞器

In this species, the first division of zygote produces two equal hemispheric cells by the first partition wall at the right angles to the axis of the archegonium.

合子的第一次分裂面垂直于颈卵器的长轴，产生两个相等的子细胞，靠近颈卵器颈部的营养器官原始细胞和远离颈部的基足原始细胞。

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主要产品有：瑞士阿道夫科耐摇床、IBS细胞培养设备(细胞培养滚瓶机、细胞培养转瓶机、全自动培养基分装机、自动分装泵、火焰灭菌器、真空吸液仪、电转移液枪等等)）、TPP细胞培养器材、德国SYSTEC高压蒸汽灭菌器、意大利空气采样仪等。。。。。。

As an immunomodulator NO may play a role like a double-edged sword since it expresses both in immuonchalleged and immunosspresed states. 2. After received external stimulus the morphology of ependyma of SFO could be changed and varied with time course, particularly its cellular apoptosis do occur and earlier than the ordinary areas of the brain. 3. Astrocytes in SFO could express cFos protein induced by LPS, suggesting the cells may maintain homeostasis in the brain in a longer period and modulate immune state of the brain. 4. As a CVO, SFO may sense changes of blood-bearing immunosignals earlier and instantly response to them, thus as one of windows of the brain SFO do take part in immunomodulation within the brain.

通过我们的实验结果我们可以得出这样一些初步的结论：1、一氧化氮作为免疫调质参与了机体免疫，它既能在免疫激发状态下又可在免疫抑制状态下进行表达提示，NO在脑内免疫调节中的作用可能是双向的。2、穹窿下器的室管膜形态在接受外界刺激后，随着时间的变化而不同，扫描电镜下的凋亡形态虽需进一步证实，但室管膜细胞确实发生了凋亡，并且穹窿下器发生的较早。3、穹窿下器内的星形胶质细胞在给予大肠杆菌后确实可以表达c-fos蛋白，并可能通过自身的激活来较长时间的维持体液的动态平衡，调节脑内免疫状态。4、穹窿下器作为感受性室周器官之一，能够较早的感受血携免疫信息的改变并及时作出反应，可能作为外周免疫信息进入脑内的窗口之一来参与脑的免疫调节。

DC have been studied by using the cytochemical methods. The results showed that the cytoplasm of the haustorial cells, the degenerating sites of integumentary cells and nucellar cells surrounding haustorial cells showed strong PAS staining.

DC的胚乳吸器进行了细胞化学研究，结果显示，胚乳吸器的细胞质、胚乳吸器周围解体的珠心细胞和珠被细胞均呈强PAS正反应。

Both upper and lower epidermis cells are polygonal or irregular in shape in all species studied. The patterns of anticlinal walls are straight, arched or sinuous, and the raphal cuticular striastriae are occasionally observed on periclinal walls. Stomatal apparatus and secretory cells are found on the upper epidermis of several species and on the lower epidermis of all Species. The slomata apparatus mainly belong to the paracytic type and latercylic type; rarely anomocytic type occurs along with the paracytic one.

结果表明：这些植物叶片的上、下表皮细胞呈多边形或不规则形，垂周壁式样为平直、弓形或波浪状，平周壁偶有脊状条纹；少数种类上表皮还有气孔器或分泌细胞，所有种类下表皮具气孔器和分泌细胞；气孔器类型以平列型和侧列型居多，偶尔有无规则型；气孔极区呈稍角质加厚或棒状加厚，稀T形加厚。

Results There was a similar distributive pattern of Neul, PPCA and β-gal in the inner ear. Neul intense staining was observed in the cochlear spiral ganglion cells, spiral limbus, spiral ligament, vestibular ganglion cells, cristae, maculae hair cells, and weak staining in inner hair cells, outer hair cells, supplying cells of the organ of Corti and stria vascularis. The intense staining of PPCA and β-gal were observed in the spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion cells, and weak staining in the spiral limbus, spiral ligament, stria vascularis and organ of Corti. The inner ear exhibited no staining when Neul, PPCA and β-gal were deficient, respectively.

Neul最强的染色主要在螺旋神经节细胞、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘、前庭神经节细胞及壶腹嵴、球囊和椭园囊感觉毛细胞，较弱的染色分布于血管纹和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞；PPCA和β-gal在螺旋神经节和前庭神经节细胞有较强的染色，血管纹、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞呈较弱的染色反应；各自酶缺乏时内耳免疫染色消失。

The ciliates were always ideal materials in the studies of the structure and function of cytoskeleton and its cell control and adjustment, for they have many kinds of cytoskeletons with complexity and they could be easily cultured and handled.

由于原生动物纤毛虫具有多种复杂的细胞骨架结构，加之其材料培养和处理的优点，一直被作为研究细胞骨架结构与功能及其细胞调控的理想材料。20世纪80年代初，许多学者应用蛋白银染色方法和超微结构方法，显示了纤毛虫细胞皮层中以纤毛基体作为主成分的骨架结构，探讨了纤毛虫皮层纤毛器的形态、形态发生及其结构形成机理，在国内外原生动物细胞学领域成为主流。20世纪90年代起，先后应用非离子去垢剂处理和扫描电镜相结合的方法、稳定保存微管结构的透射电镜术，微管蛋白的抗体标记及其免疫荧光技术及相关的生化与分子生物学等方法显示纤毛虫的微管胞器及其微管蛋白组分，探索微管胞器的形态、功能及其微管装配机理，积累了较多的资料，取得了重要的进展。

Methods ①The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice (20 ears) were taken, and divided into 2 groups randomly (n=10), cultured in 0.1 mol·L-1 gentamicin and the metabolite of 0.1 mol·L-1 gentamicin for 48h, then the number of hair cells remain was recorded;②The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice were taken (20 ears), and divided into 2 groups randomly (n=10), 3% CaCl2 and 0.1 mol·L-1 GM were mixed in the culture medium and the number of hair cells remain in the two medium mentioned above were recorded;③The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice were taken (20 ears), divided into 2 groups randomly (n=10), 3% MgSO4 to 0.1 mol·L-1 GM were mixed in the culture medium, the number of hair cells remain in the two medium mentioned above were recorded.

①取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L-1 GM与0.1 mol·L-1GM代谢产物的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数；②取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L-1 GM与0.1 mol·L-1GM+3% CaCl2的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数；③取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L-1 GM与0.1 mol·L-1GM+3% MgSO4的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数。

The first hypothesis, from the perspective of bioenergetics and metabolic energy, we firmly believe that microbial cells are convertor of metabolic energy; the second hypothesis, from the perspective of biochemistry and metabolism, we firmly believe that microbial cells are biological and chemical reactors and biological materials processor; the third hypothesis, from the perspective of bioinformatics, we firmly believe that microbial cells are bio-informatics encoder, information sensor and information processor.

第一假说从生物能学和代谢能对生命活动的支撑的角度认定微生物细胞是代谢能转换器，第二假说从生化学和代谢的角度认定微生物细胞是生化反应器和生物材料加工器，第三假说从生物信息学的角度认定微生物细胞是生物信息编码器、信息传感器和信息处理器。

The first hypothesis, from the perspective of bioenergetics and metabolic energy, we firmly believe that microbial cells are convertor of metabolic energy; the second hypothesis, from the perspective of biochemistry and metabolism, we firmly believe that microbial cells are biological and chemical reactors and biological materials processor; the third hypothesis, from the perspective of bioinformatics, we firmly believe that microbial cells are bio-informatics encoder, information sensor and information processor.

第一假说从生物能学和代谢能对生命活动的支撑的角度认定微生物细胞是代谢能转换器，第二假说从生化学和代谢的角度认定微生物细胞是生化反应器和生物材料加工器，第三假说从生物资讯学的角度认定微生物细胞是生物资讯编码器、资讯感测器和资讯处理器。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。