细胞发生的

In the model of tumor cells metastases with cell line A673, 10〓 tumor cells can be detected after only one ampliation with outer primers, which means we can find 1 tumor cells in 10〓 normal PBMC, and enlarged again with inner primers, 10〓 tumor cells can be detected, which means we can find 1 tumor cell in 10〓 normal PBMC. In the simulative model of tumor cells metastases with RNA, 10〓 tumor cell can be detected that is to say we can find 1 tumor cell in about 10〓 normal PBMC. In all 15 samples of 11 patients, 2 patients'EWS/FLI1 expressions were negative, no evidence of metastases was found followed up by 8 months and 30 months respectively. Semi-quantitative study was used to detect the expression level of EWS/FLI1 mRNA in the other 9 positive patients, and metastases occurred in 6 high-level expression patients in 2-24 months after the operation, no evidence of metastases in the other 3 low-level expression patients up to now.

应用A673细胞系建立的肿瘤转移模型，单独应用外引物进行一次扩增，可以检测到10〓级肿瘤细胞，即可以从10〓个正常细胞中检测到1个肿瘤细胞；而在此基础上再次应用内引物扩增，则可以检测到10〓级肿瘤细胞，即可以从10〓个正常细胞中检测到1个肿瘤细胞；在用RNA模拟的肿瘤细胞转移模型中，两次扩增可以检测到10〓级肿瘤细胞，即可以从10〓个正常细胞中检测到1个肿瘤细胞。11例患者的15份标本中，2例没有检测到EWS/FLI1 mRNA的表达，分别随访8个月和30个月，没有发现临床转移的证据；对其余9例阳性表达的病例进行半定量的研究，6例EWS/FLI1 mRNA高表达的病例，分别在术后2-24个月发生转移，而3例EWS/FLI1 mRNA低表达的病例，则至今没有发现转移的证据。

Anatomy observation was employed in sugar beet Rhizomania and the results showed:(1) The periderm construction of mot developed abnormally, the surface was not slippery and the cell arranged irregularly. Some of them were scraggly, cleft and some broke off, even some cell wall became brown.

对甜菜丛根病病根进行解剖学观察研究，结果表明：根部结构发生较大变化，(1)根的周皮结构发生异常，周皮表面不光滑，细胞排列不规则，有的凸凹不平，有的产生裂口，有的细胞脱落，细胞壁褐化等。

Our analyses showed that distinct epigenetic alterations occur in all three cell types during breast tumorigenesis in a tumor stage- and cell type-specific manner, suggesting that epigenetic changes have a role in the maintenance of the abnormal cellular microenvironment in breast cancer.

我们的分析结果显示，在乳腺肿瘤发生过程中三种类型的细胞均发生了肿瘤阶段特异性和细胞类型特异性的表观遗传改变，提示表观遗传改变在乳腺癌不正常细胞微环境的维持中具有作用。

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of basophilic fibroblast growth factor during hepatocarcinigenesis in the rats.

目的 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor，bFGF)在肝癌发生过程中的表达及意义方法采用免疫组织化学ABC法对二乙基亚硝胺诱发大鼠肝癌发生过程中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子表达情况进行观察。

CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in spleen, and B lymphocyte mainly is IgG~+ cell, moreover the amount of these B lymphocytes could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocyte subset after 7 days. CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in tonsil of appendix, and B lymphocyte is IgM~+ cell, and the amount could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocytes after 35 days. After 21 days, B lymphocytes in esophago tonsil are the main IgA~+ cells and the amount exceeds CD3~+ lymphocytes. The amount of CD4~+ lymphocytes is more than CD8+ lymphocytes.4. CD3~+、CD4~+ and CD8~+ T lymphocytes in spleen mainly distribute in periarterial lymphoid sheath. However IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells mainly distribute in ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath and germinal center. T lymphocytes in appendix tonsil mainly distribute in middle and inferior part of mucous and the B lymphocytes mainly in middle and mucous between 4~7 days. Whereafter T, B lymphocytes equably distribute in mucous. CD4~+ cells arrange tightly and mainly occupy the central part in aggregates of T lymphocytes in esophago tonsil and CD8~+ lymphocytes mainly distribute in periphery. Meanwhile B lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of T lymphocytes. The aggregates of B lymphocytes is mainly the germinal center with lots of IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells. Meanwihle T lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of B lymphocytes.5. There is an intimate relationship between the development of tissue structure of peripheral immune organs and lymphcytopoiesis. The maturation of tissue structure is stimulated by the immigration of lymphocytes and the mature tissue structure provides place where lymphocytes grow mature and functionate.

脾脏在21日龄时达到稳定，食管扁桃体和盲肠扁桃体均在35日龄时达到稳定；脾脏中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞则以IgG~+细胞为主，并在7日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞以IgM~+细胞为主，并在35日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；21日龄后，食管扁桃体中B淋巴细胞以IgA~+细胞为主，数量超过CD3~+细胞，CD4~+细胞的数量多于CD8~+细胞。4、在T、B淋巴细胞组织定位方面，脾脏中CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞主要分布在动脉周围淋巴鞘中，而IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞主要分布在椭球周围淋巴鞘和生发中心中；4～7日龄时，盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞主要分布在粘膜固有层的中下部区域，而B淋巴细胞则主要分布在中上部区域，随后各日龄T、B淋巴细胞均匀地分布在粘膜固有层中；在食管扁桃体的T淋巴细胞聚集物中，CD4~+细胞紧密排列，主要占据中央部位，CD8~+细胞主要散布在外周，同时B淋巴细胞又环绕在整个T淋巴细胞聚集物的外周；B淋巴细胞聚集物主要为生发中心，其中存在大量IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞，同时T淋巴细胞又环绕在整个B淋巴细胞聚集物的外周。5、外周免疫器官的组织结构发育和淋巴细胞发生之间存在密切的关系，淋巴细胞迁入淋巴器官刺激组织结构的发育成熟，同时成熟的组织结构又为淋巴细胞发育成熟并行使功能活动提供场所。

Results When the culture medium was supplemented with 0 .05μg/ml sodium selenite,the proliferation of transformed cells was significant ly promoted and the transformation did not change remarkably,when supplemented w ith 0.25μg/ml,the proliferation was promoted but the transformation was inh ibited,and when with 0.75μg/ml and 1.50μg/ml,the proliferation was not pro moted and the transformation was strongly inhibited.Big dose of (1.50μg/ml) sodium selenite m ade the nuclei of the untransformed lymphocytes gather together like a few grape s doing,and even caused them to fuse.

结果 在培养物中添加0.05μg/ml亚硒酸钠能显著促进转化细胞增殖；添加0.25μg/ml可促进转化细胞增殖，但显著抑制细胞转化；添加0.75μg/ml和1.50μg/ml，不仅不能促进细胞增殖，而且强烈抑制细胞转化。1.50μg/ml剂量的亚硒酸钠使非转化淋巴细胞发生葡萄状聚集甚至核融合。

The results indicated that the typical apoptosis was induced by PRRSV in lungs and uteri. The ultrastructural changes showed different characterizations at different stages of the infection. During the early stage from 8th h to day 3 postinfection,the apoptosis cells shrank,the cytoplasm concentrated,the chromatin condensed,the kernel disaggregated and the endoplasmic reticulum dilated. During the middle stage from day 5 to day 9 postinfection,the apoptosis cells evidently shrank,the cell membranes protu berated,the plastosome manifolded,and apoptosis bodies were found. During the last stage from day 10 upwards postinfection,the apoptosis bodies degenerated and disappeared,and no inflammation occurred. Few apoptosis cells were necrotic.

结果表明，PRRSV可诱导宿主肺和子宫发生典型的细胞凋亡，表现为细胞的超微形态结构随着病毒感染进程出现不同的特征性变化，早期（感染后第8 h至第3 d）凋亡细胞多表现为细胞体积缩小，细胞质密度增强，染色质浓缩，核仁解体，内质网扩张；中期（感染后第5 d至第9 d）凋亡细胞体积显著缩小，细胞膜突起，线粒体增多，有凋亡小体形成；晚期（感染后第10 d以后）凋亡细胞形态多表现为凋亡小体降解和消失，少数凋亡细胞在凋亡晚期表现为坏死细胞。

No tapetal cells were formed or tapetam collapsed at very early stage in some anther chamber during the microsporogenesis; Pollen mother cells in another chamber were not developed and microspore vacuolized; Tapetum cells developed abnormally, giantized and crammed the anther chamber; Some tapetum cells developed normally, but PMCs developed abnomally, which deformed at sporogeneous stage, and then were abhensive each other and finally degenerated. Nearly no PMCs could complete the process of meiosis, and form the tetrad, leading to the failure of normal microspore development.

药室的绒毡层细胞不形成或提前解体；药室内的花粉母细胞不发育或小孢子液泡化；绒毡层细胞发育异常，出现巨型化而挤满整个药室；绒毡层细胞虽发育正常，但花粉母细胞发育异常，在造孢细胞时期即开始出现变形现象，随后发生粘连退化；绝大部分花粉母细胞不能完成正常的减数分裂过程形成四分体，导致小孢子退化。

As exposed to optics microscope and inverted microscope,compared to control,SW480 cells with Giemsa staining that treated with the H2RA(cimetidine、nizatidine) took on malignance declining as crimpled firstly,cellular bulk and heteromorphism dimimished,the amount of rounded cell manifolded,nucleolus bulk lessened,dyeing thin,the amount of nucleolus decreased,partial cell organs manifest side-gathering phenomenon on chromatin,and the link between SW480 cell is loosened , subsequently partial rounded cell is floated.When the H2RA(cimetidine 40μM、nizatidine 20μM) against SW480 cells after 3 day,SW480 cells change roundly,nucleolus smashed,shrinking nucleolus came into being,and part of those not adhibited cell wall.

在光镜和倒置相差显微镜下，与对照组相比，经姬姆萨染色观察，西咪替丁、尼扎替丁处理的SW480细胞，先发生皱缩，体积变小，异形性减少，细胞变圆数目增多，细胞核变小，染色变淡，核仁数量减少，部分可见染色质边集现象；细胞间连接疏松，随后部分变圆细胞浮起。40μM西咪替丁及20μM尼扎替丁连续处理3天后，SW480细胞全部变圆，细胞核碎裂，固缩微核形成，部分不再贴壁。

Strong expression of nanos 1 mRNA was detected in spermatogonia and relatively weaker signal was found in primary spermatocytes but no nanos 1 mRNA expression was observed in spermatids. The results suggested that nanos 1 may play an important role in maintenance and functioning of the germline stem cell—oogonia and spermatogonia.

在斑马鱼精子发生中， nanos1 mRNA可在精原细胞和初级精母细胞中检测到。nanos1 mRNA的阳性信号在精原细胞中极为强烈，在初级精母细胞中较为微弱，而精子细胞中没有阳性信号。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷