细胞发生的

By using of transgenesis, cell mutagenesis, analysis of signal pathways and genes interaction, we developed novel methods of system biotechnology for drug discovery, transgenic bioreactor and isolation of differential expression genes involved in cytogenesis .

采用转基因细胞系、突变细胞系研究细胞发生的信号传导路径、多基因相互作用与生物系统的结构–图式形成，发展了系统生物学新技术进行基因克隆、药物筛选和生物反应器的方法。

Beijingensis under three droughttreatments, normal, moderate and severe stresses. The results showed:(1) the canker disease ofboth cultivars was serious gradually with increased drought;(2) the bark tissue cells sufferedplasmolysis, more evident with the severity of drought stress;(3) under the drought andinoculation with B. dothidea, cells of two cultivars damaged at different degree, mailyrepresented in the changes of organelles, such as chloroplast swollen and distorted, number ofmitochondria increased and membrane system indistinct; then organelles suffered furtherdamagement with inoculation time, thinned mitochondrias stroma, decreased cristae, crumpledand partly broken membrane of chloroplasts with stroma exosmosis. At last, the chloroplastspartly disorganized;(4) the hyphae growed mainly intercellular in resistant cultivar and notonly intercellular but also intracellular in susceptible cultivar, which directly caused thenecrosis of cells;(5) under the severe drought, the damage of cells enhanced the infection ofpathogen and drought and pathogen stressed together and promoted the disease development;the damage from pathogen on cells was more serious than that from drought.

结果显示：(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，2种杨树溃疡病害发生渐趋严重；(2)干旱胁迫下，杨树树皮组织细胞发生质壁分离，并随胁迫程度的增加而严重；(3)干旱胁迫下接种病原菌，2种杨树细胞发生不同程度的损伤，主要表现为细胞器发生较大变化，如出现叶绿体肿胀变形、线粒体数量增多，质膜模糊不清等现象；随接种时间的延长，细胞器受到进一步损伤，叶绿体被膜折皱，严重时局部破裂，基质外渗，并部分最终解体；(4)毛白杨中的菌丝主要在细胞间隙中穿行，而北京杨的菌丝除在细胞间隙中生长之外，侵入细胞内部也较多，直接导致细胞的解体；(5)干旱胁迫下细胞的损伤促进了病原菌的侵染，干旱和病原菌的双重胁迫加剧了病害的发生程度，并且病原菌侵染对细胞的破坏程度大于水分胁迫。

According to the changes of the structure of chromatin and the morphology of cell, the process of the typical spermatogenesis of Cipangopaludina chinensis can be divided into five stages: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid and mature sperm.

中国圆田螺典型精子发生时，根据染色质和细胞形态的变化，可将其发生分为以下五个时期：精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和成熟精子。

The juice sac primordium originated from a single cell of the carpel-lary endoepidermis with partial participation of subepidermal cell just belowthe initial cell.

锦橙和温洲蜜柑的汁囊最初是从心皮内表皮的单个细胞发生的，后来原始细胞下面的细胞也发生分裂，部分参与了汁囊原基的形成。

This subset is hyporesponsive and anergic to antigen stimulation. Recently, it has been demonstrated to participate in the immune deficiency in human immunodeficiency virus infection and has close relationship with the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Meanwhile, the CD4(superscript +)D25(superscript +)Treg is also infected when the human body is invaded by HIV. The CD4(superscript +)CD25(superscript +)Treg will finally be killed by the mechanism of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Because of the decrease of the CD4(superscript +)CD25(superscript +)Treg, it can't function as a immune suppressor as a result of the excess of activation of HIV and gradually exhausting of the T cell, which shows that the CD4(superscript +)CD25(superscript +)Treg plays a inhibitory role in the different stages of the development of the HIV as well as different effects in the pathogenesis of AIDS.

它能够抑制自身免疫病的发生和发展，参与肿瘤免疫的调节，同时在感染和移植免疫中也发挥着极其重要的作用。T细胞的这一亚群具有免疫调节和免疫抑制的特性，新近发现它亦与爱滋病的发生、发展关系密切HIV进入人体后，CD4D25调节性T细胞抑制了机体的免疫效应但它也同时被感染，最终由于细胞毒的作用而死亡由于调节性T细胞数量的减少不能有效的发挥其抑制作用，HIV持续的过度活化使得T细胞逐渐耗竭说明在HIV发生、发展的不同阶段Treg细胞可能都发挥了免疫抑制作用，但是却对HIV感染与爱滋病发病的进程产生了不同的效应。

By FCM analy sing, p53 gene can induce cells apoptosis and make it G1 arrest; Cisplatine can induce cell apoptosis and make it G2 arrest.

流式细胞计数证实p53能诱导QBC939细胞发生凋亡并导致其发生G1期阻滞，顺铂能诱导QBC939细胞发生凋亡并导致细胞发生明显的G2期阻滞。

For this purpose, he has analyzed, by means of statistical methods, the cytogenetic changes in a group of patients with MM.

鉴于这个目的，他通过统计学方法对一群多发性骨髓瘤病人的细胞发生的变化进行了分析。

Results 5C11 induced homotypic aggregation, proliferation arrest and apoptosis in the multiple myeloma cell line XG2 highly expressed CD40. 5C11 induced B lymphoma cell line Daudi homotypic aggregation and proliferation arrest but no apoptosis.

结果 5C11能引起CD40表达强阳性的多发性骨髓瘤细胞XG2发生同型聚集，抑制其生长并介导细胞凋亡；5C11可引起CD40＋的恶性B淋巴瘤细胞株Daudi发生同型聚集，抑制其生长并使细胞发生G2/M期阻滞，但并不介导细胞凋亡。

These results revealed that the pollen chamber developmental pattern passed through four phases. Firstly, a group of nucellar cells at the micropylar end elongated longitudinally. Thereafter, the uppermost nucellar cells at the micropylar end initiated PCD; and these elongated cells undergoed PCD in a basally and laterally oriented direction to form a cavity.

贮粉室的形态发生可分为4个阶段：最先是位于珠孔端的几层珠心细胞纵向地伸长；接着，珠孔端最顶部的珠心细胞发生PCD；然后，那些已经纵向伸长的珠心细胞向基地和侧向地依次发生死亡，产生贮粉室空腔；最后，珠孔端的珠心表皮细胞发生开裂，形成贮粉室的开口。

The changes of photosynthesis cell membrane system in leaf and peroxidase isoenzymes pattern in cell were non-thermal effects of microwave on photosynthesis cell of plant.

烟草叶片细胞发生的这些变化是微波对光合细胞的一种非热效应。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。