细胞发生

Results In those patients with marrow invasion , 4 cases in I phase（4.2%）,12 cases in II phase（12.6%）,36 cases in Ⅲ phase（37.9%）and 43 cases in Ⅳ phase(47.4%);small lymphocytic、diffuse cleaved cell、lymphoblastic lymphoma are main pathologic types;patients with mediastinal lymphadenectasis、splenomegaly and spleen violations are prone to catch bone marrow involvement;56 cases of anemia in patients with bone marrow involuement(58.9%), 42 patients with thrombocytopenia (44.2%),27 cases with leukopenia (28.4%),49 cases of patients leukocyte increased (51.6%),so,anemia is common;three were 30 cases with three items abnormal（31.6％）and 65 cases with one item abnormal at least (68.4%),the incidence of abnormal peripheral blood in leukocythemia patients were higher than that in patients with bone marrow infiltration,Particularly the patients with increased leukocyte or three items abnormalities were more common in leukemia; Abnormal cells in peripheral blood were observed in 66 cases (69.5%); chemotherapy efficiency reached 65.2% in the patients with bone marrow involuement,the median survival time was 11.5 months.

结果发生骨髓侵犯病例中I期4例（4.2%）， II期12例（12.6%），Ⅲ期36例（37.9%），Ⅳ期43例(47.4%)；病理类型以小淋巴细胞性，弥漫型裂细胞性（改为：弥漫性大B细胞型淋巴瘤）和淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤多见；纵隔淋巴结肿大、脾脏肿大和脾受侵患者易发生骨髓侵犯；骨髓侵犯患者外周血中贫血56例(58.9%)，血小板减少42例(44.2%)，白细胞减少27例(28.4%)，白细胞增高49例(51.6%)，以贫血多见；三项均异常30例(31.6%)，至少一项不正常65例(68.4%)，淋巴瘤细胞白血病患者外周血象异常发生率高于骨髓浸润患者，尤其是白细胞增高或三项均异常者更常见于白血病；66例(69.5%)外周血分类中发现异常细胞；骨髓侵犯化疗有效率65.2%，中位生存期11.5个月。

Results In those patients with marrow invasion , 4 cases in I phase（4.2%）,12 cases in II phase（12.6%）,36 cases in Ⅲ phase（37.9%）and 43 cases in Ⅳ phase(47.4%);small lymphocytic、diffuse cleaved cell、lymphoblastic lymphoma are main pathologic types;patients with mediastinal lymphadenectasis、splenomegaly and spleen violations are prone to catch bone marrow involvement;56 cases of anemia in patients with bone marrow involuement(58.9%)恶性淋巴瘤症状, 42 patients with thrombocytopenia (44.2%),27 cases with leukopenia (28.4%),49 cases of patients leukocyte increased (51.6%),so,anemia is common;three were 30 cases with three items abnormal（31.6％）and 65 cases with one item abnormal at least (68.4%),the incidence of abnormal peripheral blood in leukocythemia patients were higher than that in patients with bone marrow infiltration,Particularly the patients with increased leukocyte or three items abnormalities were more common in leukemia; Abnormal cells in peripheral blood were observed in 66 cases (69.5%); chemotherapy efficiency reached 65.2% in the patients with bone marrow involuement,the median survival time was 11.5 months.

结果发生骨髓侵犯病例中I期4例（4.2%）， II期12例（12.6%），Ⅲ期36例（37.9%）恶性淋巴瘤分期，Ⅳ期43例(47.4%)；病理类型以小淋巴细胞性，弥漫型裂细胞性（改为：弥漫性大B细胞型淋巴瘤）和淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤多见；纵隔淋巴结肿大、脾脏肿大和脾受侵患者易发生骨髓侵犯；骨髓侵犯患者外周血中贫血56例(58.9%)，血小板减少42例(44.2%)，白细胞减少27例(28.4%)，白细胞增高49例(51.6%)，以贫血多见；三项均异常30例(31.6%)，至少一项不正常65例(68.4%)，淋巴瘤细胞白血病患者外周血象异常发生率高于骨髓浸润患者，尤其是白细胞增高或三项均异常者更常见于白血病；66例(69.5%)外周血分类中发现异常细胞；骨髓侵犯化疗有效率65.2%，中位生存期11.5个月。

The results showed:(1) the cellule morphous and the disposition in chick embryo of PGCs were coincident no matter stained by PAS or HE staining, and HE staining could disclose the morphologic characteristics more clearly, exactly and completely;(2) genesis of blood island could be observed at the boundary of light and dark region of the extraembryonic blastoderm at about 26 hours;(3) both the blood vessel endothelium cells and free cells of the blood island were differentiated from PGCs. The generating of genuine yolk sac was at about 44-48 hours.

结果表明：①用经典的识别原生殖细胞的PAS染色方法与HE染色所观察到的PGC在鸡胚的分布及细胞形态基本一致，而HE染色较PAS法能更有助于清晰、完整、准确地识别PGC的细胞内部结构特征；②在孵化26小时的鸡胚胚外胚盘的明暗交界处可见血岛的发生，血岛发生的时间比真正的卵黄囊产生时间（大约44-48小时）要早很多；③血岛周围的血管内皮细胞与管腔中游离细胞都来自PGC。

The chondriosome signal transduction pathway: In the existing of dATP, Cytc combines with Apaf-1, to exposure CARD motif on Apaf-1, and then combines CARD of proaspase-9 into apoptosome, The result is the activation of procaspase-9, and the latter activates Caspase-3, 6s, according induces apoptosis.

已有研究表明，某些细胞在其发生发展过程中Fas的表达不断增加，而凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达逐渐减少，最终导致细胞凋亡的发生，完成细胞代谢过程，达到细胞增殖与死亡的平衡。

Sertoli cells can provide a material basis and a favorable microenvironment for sperm. After X radiation, spermatogenic cells and mitochondrion dramatically swelling and lysis with a decrease of mitochondrial cristae, with the prolonging of time, the mitochondria damage get even worse, mitochondrial crista is disappeared.

Sertoli细胞在精子发生过程中可为精子发生提供物质基础和能力，为精子发生提供有利的微环境，对精子的生成有复杂的作用。X射线照射后即出现生精细胞和支持细胞线粒体明显肿胀，线粒体嵴减少，且随着时间延长，线粒体形态的损害进一步加重，线粒体数量减少，线粒体嵴消失。

Hepatic sinusoid capillarization plays an important role in occurrence of portal hypertension. The fenestra of endothelial cells in hepatic sinusoid reduces and the diameter of fenestra decreases. The formation of basement membrane impaires the substance exchange between blood and hepatic cells,which results in oxygen deficiency, metabolic product accumulation and cell necrosis.

肝窦毛细血管化在硫代乙酰胺诱导的肝硬化门脉高压发生中起重要作用，肝窦内皮细胞窗孔减少并减小，内皮细胞下基底膜形成使肝细胞与外界物质交换减少，导致细胞缺氧、代谢产物聚集，肝细胞坏死，最终导致门脉高压的发生。

According to the change of chromatin and morphology of cells, the spermatogenesis could be divided into five stages: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte, spermatid and spermatozoon.

利用透射电镜观察秀丽白虾的精子发生，并根据染色质及细胞形态的变化将精子发生的全过程划分为五个时期，即精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子。

According to the changes of the structure of chromatin and the morphology of cell, the process of the typical spermatogenesis of Cipangopaludina chinensis can be divided into five stages: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid and mature sperm.

中国圆田螺典型精子发生时，根据染色质和细胞形态的变化，可将其发生分为以下五个时期：精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和成熟精子。

Objective:The aim of the experiment is to search for the regulation that the hepatic stem cells abnormally differentiate into cancer cells. In the experiment,the variating regulation of PCNA,c-kit and c-myc in the formation and development of HCC will be interpreted with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. So,the initial mechanism that hepatic stem cells abnormally differentiate into cancer cells from the levels of cell,protein and gene will be clarified. The last,the inhibition to HCC with ulinastain will be studied,from which,a new way of clinical prevention and treatment for HCC will expect to be explored.

二、目的本实验旨在探讨以卵圆细胞为代表的肝干细胞在HCC发生、发展过程中在肝组织内分布规律，并通过免疫组化、RT-PCR等技术阐明PCNA、c-kit、c-myc在HCC发生、发展过程中的动态演变规律，从细胞、蛋白、基因三个水平初步研究卵圆细胞向癌细胞异常分化的机制，同时观察乌司他丁对HCC发生、发展的抑制作用，为肝癌的临床预防和治疗探索新的途径。

This experiment try to investigate the expressions of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1(LMP-1),nuclear factor κ gene bindingand the apoptotic index in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma,and probe into the correlation of LMP-1 with NF-κB,AI,analyze their roles in the occurrence and development of nasal NK/T cell lymphomaMethods:From 1999 to 2004 ,26 cases of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma and 10 cases of benign lymph follicle hyperplasia were selected from Department of Pathology in Hospital of Shangdong province .

目的：EB病毒Epstein-Barr virus在鼻NK/T细胞淋巴瘤(nasal NK/T cell lymphoma)的瘤细胞的检出率较高，但其在淋巴瘤发生发展中的确切作用尚不清楚，本研究通过检测鼻腔NK/T细胞淋巴瘤中EB病毒感染潜伏膜蛋白(latent membrane protein-1，LMP-1)与细胞因子κB(nuclear factor κ gene binding，NF-κB)的表达及其细胞凋亡指数(apoptotic index，AI)，比较三者间相互关系，分析EB病毒在鼻NK/T细胞淋巴瘤发生发展中的致瘤机制。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。