细胞分裂

May be during the mitosis the Ser-10 phosphorylated histone H3 is the component of the centromere/kinetochore and responsible for interact with microtubules and assist the chromosome movement.

研究结果还表明，在有丝分裂过程中，微管蛋白发生了重组，成束的垂直排列在赤道板的两侧，协助细胞有丝分裂过程的顺利完成。

There is also in the skin lesions of psoriasis immune globulin, complement, anti-IsA factor, anti-keratin antibodies and parakeratotic nuclei antibody, etc., these factors result in abnormal T lymphocytes in the immune cycle of separatist injury and the number of T lymphocytes in significantly reduced, such as the Con A stimulus-response is reduced, while phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen factor is a normal reaction, this phenomenon is to support T-cell subsets flawed.

在牛皮癣的皮损中还有免疫球蛋白、补体、抗IsA因子、抗角蛋白抗体及角化不全细胞核中有抗体等，这些免疫异常因子造成T淋巴细胞的周期分裂性损伤和T淋巴细胞数量明显减少，如对刀豆球蛋白的刺激反应性下降，而对植物血凝素和商陆有丝分裂因子却反应正常，这种现象支持T细胞亚群存在缺陷。

Results showed that the PMC meiosis of autotetraploid was similar to the diploid except some particularities. In metaphase Ⅰ, multivalent, quadrivalent, trivalent, bivalent and univalent were observed and some of the chromosomes were found not to rank on the metaphase plate and so did in metaphase Ⅱ cells. In anaphase Ⅰ and anaphase Ⅱ cells, there were lagging chromosomes, chromosome bridge and fragment. During anaphase Ⅱ and telophase Ⅱ, chromosome segregation was not synchronous or equal. At tetrad stage, dyad, triad, tetrad with micronucleus and polyad appeared.

结果表明，同源四倍体花粉母细胞减数分裂过程与二倍体相比，中期Ⅰ染色体构型复杂，有多价体、四价体、三价体、二价体和单价体；中期Ⅰ及中期Ⅱ有部分染色体没有排列在赤道板上；后期Ⅰ及后期Ⅱ出现落后染色体、染色体桥及断片；后期Ⅱ和末期Ⅱ有染色体不同步分离及不等分裂的现象；四分体时期还出现二分体、三分体、含微核的异常四分体及多分体。

The daughter cells contain half no.of chromosome of the parent cell.Therefore it is also called reduction division.

减数分裂是在进行有性生殖的生物中导致生殖母细胞中染色体数目减半的分裂过程。

Purpuraristatus, the growth, fertility, chromosome configuration, EST isozyme etc. were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the growth potentiality of (E. sibiricus×E. purpuraristatus) F2 and (E. purpuraristatus×E. sibiricus) F1 were much stronger than their parents, the plant height of the former was 143.2 cm. The whole plant was reseda, the latter was 129.7 cm. The spike nodding of two hybrids were in the middle of their parents, the anther was yellow; the pollen fertility was 0.02%~0.03%, seed set was 0; the average chromosome configuration of former pollen mother cell at PMC M Ⅰ was 6.90Ⅰ+14. 02Ⅱ, the latter was 7.82Ⅰ+13.59 Ⅱ, and lagging chromosome and bridge fragment were observed at meiosis anaphase Ⅰ the EST of the two hybrids F1 and their parents at tillering stage was some certain different in locus, number and intensity.

结果表明，正交F1和反交F1植株的生长势均很强，正交F1株高143.2 cm、全株浅绿色，反交F1株高129.7 cm、全株灰绿色；正、反交F1的穗型均呈双亲中间型，花药呈黄色，花粉可育率0.02%~0.03%，结实率为0，说明杂种高度不育；正交F1的花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均染色体构型为6.90Ⅰ+14.02Ⅱ，反交F1为7.82Ⅰ+13.59Ⅱ，减数分裂后期丁有落后染色体和染色体桥等不规则现象；亲本及其正、反交杂种F1分某期幼叶的EST同工酶酶带的位点、数目和强弱均存在一定差异，可作为亲本及杂种在蛋白质水平识别的重要依据。

Nidulans had a phenotype of cytokinesis defect. Sequence analysis showed that SEPH is 42% identical to the serine–threonine kinase Cdc7p from fission yeast. Deletion of sepH resulted in a viable strain that failed to septate at any temperature. This is the first direct evidence for the existence of a functional pathway like SIN in A.

在构巢曲霉中，温度敏感型菌株筛选发现的SEPH与裂殖酵母SIN信号中的丝-苏氨酸激酶Cdc7p具有42%的同源性，它可能是胞质分裂早期所必须的组分之一，当sepH 缺失时，会导致细胞死亡，这也直接证明了构巢曲霉可能也存在和SIN信号相类似的胞质分裂调节途径。

All of these genes formed regular network to control the exit of mitotic and initiation of septa formation.In budding yeast the onset of budding is signalled through the Mitotic Exit Network pathway, Similarly in fission yeast, the onset of septation is signalled through the Septum Initiation Network signaling pathway.

在芽殖酵母中，这一套控制有丝分裂退出的信号途径被称为有丝分裂退出途径（Mitotic Exit Network ，MEN；同样的，在裂殖酵母中则被命名为细胞隔膜开始网络（Septum Initiation Network ，SIN）。

Mammalian Spermatogenesis is a unique cell differentiation process and can bedivided into three stages: mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis.

哺乳动物的精子发生是一个复杂的细胞分化过程，可分为有丝分裂期、减数分裂期和精子形成期三个阶段。

It takes about 0.5 h for a pollen tube from germination to arrive at the micropyle. About 0.5 h after pollination, the pollen tube releases two sperms into one synergid. At 0.5-2.5 h after pollination, the egg cell fuses with one sperm to form a zygote. About 10.0 h after pollination, the division of the zygote begins. The duration of the zygote lasts about 2.5-10.0 h. However, one sperm nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei at 1.0-3.0 h after pollination, and 5.0 h after pollination the primary endosperm nucleus begins to divide.

水稻受精过程经历的时间表如下：授粉后，花粉在柱头萌发；花粉萌发至花粉管进入珠孔大约需要0.5小时；授粉后0.5小时左右，花粉管进入一个助细胞，释放精子；授粉后0.5-2.5小时，精卵融合形成合子；授粉后约10.0小时，合子第1次分裂，合子期为授粉后2.5-10.0小时；授粉后1.0-3.0小时，精核与两极核融合；授粉后约5.0小时，初生胚乳核分裂。

During the mitosis, the correct separation of sister chromatids is necessary in normal transition from anaphase to telophase and it guarantees exact distribution of DNA. The non-disjuction is the important reason for forming the aneuploid.

在有丝分裂时，姐妹染色单体的正确分离既起到保证遗传物质准确分配的作用，又是分裂细胞从后期向末期过渡所必需的；而姐妹染色单体不分离则是产生非整倍体细胞的重要原因。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。