细胞内的

Results showed that TDI induced toxic action on spermatogenic cell,while the chondriosome was its target within the length and concentrations.

结果表明：在本实验染毒时间和染毒剂量范围内，TD I对雄性的生殖毒性主要表现为对各级生精细胞均有一定的毒性作用，作用的靶点是细胞内的线粒体；TD I通过影响各种酶的活性，干扰了睾丸组织的有氧代谢和无氧供能，抑制了细胞对能量的利用，损伤了各级生精细胞，导致生精上皮不可逆的损害，从而造成了其对雄性生殖系统的损伤；TD I对雄性生殖细胞的核酸代谢以及DNA合成有一定影响。

In order to fuse, intra cell ular vesicles have to move within the cell

为了融合，细胞内的囊泡必须在细胞内运动。

In order to fuse , intracellular vesicles have to move within the cell.

为了融合，细胞内的囊泡必须在细胞内运动。

Methods The lymphocytes of rats were isolated from the peripheral blood and cultured with sodium arsenite under 37 ℃.The ROS content was detected by DCFH-DA;The content of LPO was detected by fluoresce method.

体外分离大鼠外周血淋巴细胞后，施加处理因素，在37℃条件下恒温培养，用2'7'-二乙酰二氯荧光素染色法检测细胞内的ROS水平，用硫代巴比妥酸荧光法测定细胞内LPO含量。

Methods］ MTT assay was employed to test the lethal concentration 50 (IC50) of sensitive germline (SK-OV-3) and ovarian cancer cell subline induced by ADR (SK-OV-3/adr) treated by 4 drugs, resistance index and reverse multiple were calculated. The changes of drug content were observed by fluorescence microscope, the intracellular accumulation of ADR was evaluated by fluorospectrophotometry, the changes of mdr 1/P-gp resistance were observed respectively by RT-PCR and Western blot.

方法］MTT法检测药物对敏感细胞株（SK-OV-3）和诱导的耐药细胞株（SK-OV-3/adr）的半数致死浓度（IC50），计算耐药指数和加逆转剂后的逆转倍数，荧光显微镜观察不同时间细胞内的药物含量变化，荧光分光光度法测定细胞内ADR的含量，RT-PCR和Western blot法检测细胞耐药前后mdr1/P-gp的变化。

The contributions of photon radiations are ignored because they are negligible compared to the contributions of the particle radiations, or can be calculated and added to the S-values using MIRD formulae.

如果细胞群较小，则光子的剂量贡献忽略不记。细胞群中每个细胞内的放射性活度相同。计算得到细胞群中各个周围细胞中心到靶细胞中心的距离和周围细胞中的核素对靶细胞的剂量贡献。

We tested whether inhibitory GABAergic synaptic transmission regulates Xenopus optic tectal cell dendritic arbor development in vivo by expressing a peptide corresponding to an intracellular loop ofthe gamma2 subunit of type A GABA receptors GABA(AR, which is required to anchor GABA receptors to the postsynaptic scaffold.

我们想证明如下设想：抑制性GABA能突触传递是否能调节早蟾视顶盖细胞的树突发育。因为GABA受体的gamma2亚基有一段细胞内的跨膜端序列，这段序列对锚定GABAA受体到突触后膜是必须的，所以我们的主要方法是设计了一段特异性的争对细胞内段的序列，这样就特异性的阻断了单个细胞GABA能的突触传递。

Reactive oxygen species causing DNA oxidative damage comes from two kinds of ways:one is from cellular normal physiological metabolism;the other is from outer environment.Redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Recombinant cells were evaluated in monitoring the changes in the redox state of living cells when challenged with toxicologically relevant metal ions NaAsO_2 or Pb(NO_3)_2 by measuring emission intensity at 510 nm with a Hitachi F6500 fluorescence spectrophotometer,roGFP expressed in yeast responded not only to typical membrane-permeant oxidants H_2O_2 and reductants DTT,but also to toxicological metal ion-induced intracellular redox changes in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover,exposure of yeast cells to NaAsO_2 or Pb(NO_3)_2 at concentrations that induced redox changes reported by roGFP caused up to 2～3 fold increases in DNA mutation frequency.This mutagenic effect was largely caused by oxidative stress since blocking the production of hydryl radicals with thiourea significantly reduced the mutation rate as well as delayed the cell death.

本文将对氧化还原状态变化敏感的绿色荧光蛋白roGFP1-R12，在酵母细胞中实现了多拷贝强表达；荧光扫描经强氧化剂H_2O_2和还原剂DTT以及环境中重金属NaAsO_2或Pb(NO_3)_2处理后的酵母细胞悬液，测定510 nm处的荧光发射强度结果显示，表达的绿色荧光蛋白对氧化还原水平敏感，且在510 nm处的荧光强度与一定的重金属浓度呈正相关，即roGFP1-R12在510nm处的荧光发射值随重金属浓度的增高而增强，从而说明重金属对细胞的毒性在一定程度上很可能是通过破坏细胞内的氧化还原平衡发生作用；同时通过该绿色荧光蛋白对胞内氧化还原状态变化的响应情况可以来实时检测环境中的重金属；遗传学的点突变频率及致死率实验数据表明，重金属能导致菌体的点突变频率和致死率升高，且活性氧的清除剂巯基脲能明显降低这种点突变和致死率，说明由重金属引发的这种点突变和致死效应在很大程度上是依赖于重金属对细胞诱导产生的氧化胁迫。

Oocyte samples from one group were collected to detect the presence and integration of HBV DNA within cells and chromosomes using PCR, Southern blot, dot hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The female animals from another group were mated with their normal males, respectively. Their zygotes, 2-cell embryos were collected to detect the integration of HBV DNA in the female pronuclei of zygotes and the replication and expression of HBV genes in the 2-cell embryos using FISH, RT-PCR and immunofluoresence assay.(1) PCR detected positive bands in the tested oocyte samples fromgoldon hamster and mice. Southern blot revealed clear hybridization signals in PCR products.

研究用金黄地鼠和小鼠建立实验动物模型：将卵巢内注射HBV DNA的实验动物分成两组，一组注射后进行超排卵，收集卵巢和输卵管的卵母细胞，用PCR、Southern杂交，斑点杂交和荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization、FISH)检测HBV在卵母细胞内的存在和染色体上的整合；另一组超排雌鼠与正常雄鼠合笼，收集受精卵和2-细胞胚，用FISH、RT-PCR和免疫荧光检测技术分别研究HBV基因在受精卵雌原核上的整合以及在2-细胞胚中的复制与表达。

CoCl2 (a chemical hypoxia-mimetic agent) was used to establish the chemical hypoxia-induced PC12 cell injuries model. Sodium hydrosulfide was used as a H2S donor. The viability of PC12 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. The percentage of apoptotic cells was assessed by propidium iodide stain flow cytometry. The morphological change of apoptotic cells was tested by using the chromatin dye Hoechst 33258. The mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by rhodamine 123 staining and photofluorography. The level of reactive oxygen species in PC12 cells was measured by DCFH-DA staining and photofluorography.

应用化学性缺氧模拟剂CoCl2在PC12细胞建立化学性缺氧损伤模型；以硫氢化钠作为H2S的供体；应用CCK-8比色法检测细胞存活率；碘化丙啶染色流式细胞技术检测细胞凋亡率；Hoechst33258染色检测细胞凋亡的形态学变化；罗丹明123(Rh123)染色荧光显微镜照相检测细胞线粒体膜电位；2'，7'-二氯荧光黄双乙酸盐染色荧光显微镜照相检测细胞内的活性氧水平。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。