细叶

Leaves alternate, usually crowded at stem apex, palmately 3(-5)-foliolate; stipules small, falcate, caducous; petiole long; leaflet margins crenulate-serrate.

叶互生，在茎先端通常密集，具3 (-5)小叶；托叶小，镰刀形，早落；叶柄长；小叶边缘具细圆齿锯齿。

Leaves ovate or oval, not glaucous, veinlets inconspicuous.

叶卵形的或椭圆形，不具白霜，细脉不明显。

Leaves alternate, spiral, petiolate; stipules deciduous, intrapetiolar, completely connate, leathery, often large, apex entire; leaf blade leathery or papery, pinnately veined, rarely 3-5-veined, margin entire, undulate, or crenulate; cystoliths punctiform.

叶互生，螺旋形，具叶柄；落叶的托叶，叶柄内，完全合生，似皮革，经常大，先端全缘；叶片革质或纸质，成羽状脉，很少3-5脉，边缘全缘，波状，或具细圆齿；钟乳体点状。

The effects of ultrafine zinc borate on the thermal degradation of low density polyethylene treated with intumescent flame retardant were studied by means of TG-DTA and FTIR.

采用热重-差热联机分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱研究了超细硼酸锌对膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃低密度聚乙烯的热降解过程的影响。

Flowers white, creamy-white, or purplish, large, 2-2.5 cm in diam., fragrant; pedicels usually purplish, nitid, subequaling or exceeding leaves at anthesis, glabrous, 2-bracteolate above middle; bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, margin very remotely and minutely denticulate.

花白色，乳白色，或者略带紫色，大，直径的2-2.5厘米，芳香；花梗通常略带紫色，有光泽的，近相等或者超过叶在花期，无毛，中部以上有2个小苞片；小苞片线或者线状披针形，边缘很稀疏和细的具小齿。

Basal leaves 2-6, long petiolate; stipules over 1/2 adnate to petioles, broadly lanceolate, membranous, margin sparsely denticulate and ciliate or entire, apex acuminate; petioles 3-9 cm at anthesis, usually green, sometimes purplish, glabrous, nitid, elongated at fruiting to more than 20 cm; leaf blade glabrous on both surfaces or pubescent along veins, 3-sect, segments shortly stipitate, lateral segments deeply 2-fid, central segment deeply 2- or 3-fid, terminal lobes highly variable in shape and size, ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate, oblong, or linear-lanceolate, margin irregularly dentate or shallowly divided, sometimes triparted to pinnatiparted or 3-lobed, apex obtuse or acute.

基生叶2-6，具长叶柄；托叶超过1/2的贴生至叶柄，宽披针形，膜，边缘疏生细齿和具缘毛或全缘，先端渐尖；叶柄3-9厘米在花期，通常绿色，有时略带紫色，无毛，有光泽的，在果期拉长到超过20厘米；叶片两面无毛沿脉具短柔毛，3全裂，裂片具短柄，侧裂片2深裂，中裂片2或3深裂，顶裂片形状和大小极易变，卵状披针形，披针形，长圆形，或线状披针形，边缘不规则牙齿或浅裂，有时3深裂到羽状深裂或3浅裂，先端钝或锐尖。

Abstract］ objective to discuss radiological findings of parosteal osteosarcoma on emphasis combined with clinical pathology and literature.methods 4 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.results female was 3 cases,male was 1 case,average age was 30.5 years old,these tumors were arised on posterior border of distal femur and popliteal cavity,presented as lobular dense ossified mass,defined lesion.one case had villose margin.a thin narrow lucent zone separated the mass from the cortex at two cases.one case underwent angiography,there was no malignant feature.conclusion parosteal osteosarcoma may be divided into low-grade type and high-grade type.radiological manifestations of early stage possess character,early diagnosis conduces to establish rational treating plan and evaluate prognosis.

目的 结合临床病理学特征和文献资料，重点讨论皮质旁骨肉瘤的x线特征。方法收集经手术、病理证实的皮质旁骨肉瘤病例4例，对其进行回顾性分析。结果 4例患者女3例，男1例，平均年龄30.5岁，肿瘤均发生于股骨远端后侧和腘窝处，表现为分叶状致密骨化肿块，边界清晰，其中1例边缘呈绒毛状改变，2例有细窄透亮带与骨皮质相隔，1例行血管造影，未见血管池等恶性征象。结论皮质旁骨肉瘤分为低度恶性和高度恶性两种，早期影像学表现有特征性，早期诊断有助于制订相应的治疗方案和评估预后。

Results Cuticular papillates,glandular hairs,peltate scales,and non-glandular hairs presented on the leaf epidermis of C.paliurus.Anomocytic stomata were confined to the lower epidermis.Large cluster crystals existed in the uppermost layer of palisade cells.Midrib included one closed vascular system and one additional vascular strand.Secondary veins are semicraspedodromous and form marginal loops,tertiary veins are percurrent,quaternary veins form orthogonal or polygonal areoles filled up by branched and freely ended veinlets.

结果青钱柳叶表皮有许多小乳突，腺毛，盾状鳞片和非腺毛表皮毛；气孔器不规则型，仅分布于下表面；靠近表皮的叶肉组织中有规律地分布含簇晶的细胞；主脉中维管组织环状，封闭，具有一个副维管束；二级脉在叶缘内分支，相互连接形成脉环，三级脉及顶型，脉间区内充满分支的自由结束的小细脉。

Rhizomes prostrate, 0.5-1.5 mm in diam., internodes 5-30 mm, nodes with 1 prophyll and 2 fine roots.

根茎匍匐，直径0.5-1.5毫米，节间长5-30毫米，节生1枚先出叶和2条细根。

Leaves deciduous; petiole 3-4 cm, nearly glabrous; leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 9-13 × ca. 8 cm, papery, abaxially densely rufous pubescent on veins, adaxially glabrous, base subcordate, margin doubly serrulate with adpressed acute teeth, 3-lobed; middle lobes triangular-ovate, apex acuminate; lateral lobes in upper part of blade, much shorter and apex acute.

叶脱落 叶柄3-4厘米，近无毛；叶片卵形的或卵状长圆形， 9-13 *长约8厘米，纸质，密被红棕色短柔毛在脉上，正面无毛，基部近心形，边缘重细锯齿具紧贴锐尖齿，3裂；三角状心形的中间裂片，先端渐尖；叶片的侧的裂片在上半部分，很多短和先端锐尖。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。