组织细胞

Chronicity maybe result from many factors with complex mechanism.HCV may evade the host immune surveillance due to the hypermutation of HCV gene; HCV has the nature of pantropic,the tissues outside liver can provide virus for repeatedly infection of liver; The HCV receptors,such as CD81,LDL receptor,scavenger receptor B type I,L-SIGN,DC-SIGN and so on,may influence organism humoral immunity and the cellular immunity function in different degrees; HCV infection also may cause the reduction of quantity of organism immune cell or functional defect,low response of humoral immune response,tolerance of cellular immunity,then,the host finally transforms into chronic infection condition.

其慢性化的机制非常复杂，是由多个因素造成的，HCV因其基因高变性可以逃避宿主的免疫监视；HCV具有泛嗜性，肝外组织又可为肝组织的反复感染提供病毒来源；CD81、LDL受体、清道夫受体B类Ⅰ型及L-SIGN、DC-SIGN等HCV受体又可不同程度地影响机体的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能；HCV感染亦可直接导致机体免疫细胞数量减少或功能缺陷，体液免疫应答水平低下、细胞免疫耐受，宿主最终转变为慢性感染状态。

Comparing with control group, CD4~+ T cells of AIDS patient were markedly depleted in gastro-mucosal tissues(P＜0.01), but in presymptomatic patients CD4~+ T cells were not significantly different. CD3~+ T cells, CD8~+ T cells and NK. cells were notably increased (P.01), and they severely infiltrated glands and epitheliums in gastro-mucosal tissues. And the quantity and distribution of CD20~+ B cells between patients and control group were not obviously different.

HIV感染无症状者和AIDS患者胃黏膜活检组织中CD3~+T细胞、CD4~+T细胞、CD8~+T细胞、NK细胞、B细胞的数量及分布：与非HIV感染对照组相比，(1)AIDS患者胃黏膜内CD4~+T细胞显著减少(P＜0.01)，而无症状者与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05)；(2)胃黏膜内CD3~+T细胞、CD8~+T细胞、NK细胞(CD57~+)显著增加(P＜0.01)，并呈现较明显普遍性噬胃黏膜上皮和腺体现象；(3)各组胃黏膜内CD20~+B淋巴细胞的数量分布变化不明显。3。

The results showed that the non-embryonic callus were cultured on the MS medium contained 4.0 mg · L-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg · L-1 6-BA, embryogenic cells appeared in it. Then the single embryogenic cells formed a proembryo composed of many cells through cell division.

结果表明，非胚性愈伤组织转入到MS + 4.0 mg · L-1 2，4-D + 0.5 mg · L-1 6-BA培养基培养后，愈伤组织中先出现一些胚性细胞；然后单个胚性细胞分裂形成一个由多细胞组成的原胚。

The promeristem is consisted of three groups of initial cells, which have typical cytological characteristics of meristem cells. The primary meristem is composed of calyptrogens, primordial epidermises, periblems and pleromes. Both the calyptrogens and the primordial epidermises initiate from the same layer of initial cells.

原分生组织由3群原始细胞组成，其细胞具有典型分生组织的细胞学特征；初生分生组织包括根冠原、表皮原、皮层原和中柱原，其中根冠原和表皮原具有相同的起源。

The relationship of DNA ploidy level and SP-F with age,clinical stage, ascites, histologic type,pathological grade,lymphocyte infiltration and psammoma bodies was analyzed.

作者采用流式细胞技术，对24例新鲜速冻卵巢癌组织的细胞DNA含量及S期比例(S-phasefraction，SPF)进行了定量测定，分析了它们与患者年龄、临床分期、有无腹水、组织学分类、病理分级、肿瘤组织淋巴细胞浸润及砂粒体形成之间的关系。

Signalling through CXCR4 mediates actin polymerization and pseudopodia formation in cells, and induces chemotactic and migration to target organs. In addition, CXCR4-SDF-1 axis can promote tumor angiogenesis and growth.

CXCR4在肿瘤组织中的表达明显高于正常组织，而肿瘤常见转移部位均为CXCR4的配体基质细胞衍生因子-1(stromal cell derived factor-1，SDF-1)表达丰富的器官，SDF-1与CXCR4结合后可使细胞肌动蛋白丝聚合，形成伪足，从而定向诱导肿瘤细胞迁移到特定的靶器官；此外，CXCR4与其配体SDF-1相互作用可以促进局部新生血管作用，利于肿瘤生长。

Rhizoma sparganii and radices zedoariae can protect hepatic cells, alleviate degeneration and necrosis, recover structure and function, and reduce the proliferation of fibrous tissue.

三棱、莪术有保护肝细胞、减轻肝细胞变性坏死，恢复肝细胞结构和功能；减少纤维组织增生、阻止纤维化发展，促进纤维组织降解的作用。

Results:(1) In clinical pathology, swelling, denatured, even necrosis and putrescence could be picked out; Collagen fibers in tendon remarkedly swelled, and tissue structure disarranged, and collagen even ruptured, broken and dissolved; Obvious denature, apoptosis and necrosis could be found in tendon cells. There appeared to be a big accumulation of inflammatory cells.

结果 （1）临床病理组织学观察发现：肌腱组织肿胀、变性、甚者坏死、腐败；肌腱内胶原纤维肿胀明显、组织结构紊乱，失去正常排列，甚者出现胶原断裂、破碎、溶解等现象；腱细胞可见明显的变性、凋亡和坏死；病变部位可见大量炎性细胞聚集。

Results(1) Group of electroacupuncture in Shu and dense wave can significantlyreduce the degree of ankle swelling(P＜0.05, P＜0.01), which shows thatelectroacupuncture has obvious anti-inflammatory and repercussive roles;(2) Theresults of HE staining showed that group of electroacupuncture in Shuand dense wave can significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration,inhibit synovial cell proliferation, and decrease proliferation of granulationtissue in rats joints;(3) group of electroacupuncture in dense-wave can increase the pain thresholdof experimental rats (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), reduce the content of peripheral painmediums, such as K~+, DA and 5-HT(P＜0.05, P＜0.01), which shows thatelectroacupuncture has significant analgesic effect;(4) In the local lesion of joints, electroacupuncture can significantly reducethe content of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-a, increase IL-4 content, decrease theexpression of COX-2mRNA, and significantly promote the expression ofHSP-70 protein in synovial tissues of acute gouty arthritis rats (P＜0.05,P＜0.01),thus restrain the occurrence of synovial tissue inflammation.

结果：(1)电针疏密波组能显著减轻踝关节肿胀度(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，表明电针有明显的抗炎消肿作用；(2)HE染色显示：电针疏密波组可使大鼠关节炎症细胞浸润明显减轻，滑膜细胞增生明显被抑制，肉芽组织增生明显减少；(3)电针密波组能提高实验性大鼠痛阈(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，降低外周疼痛介质K~+、DA、5-HT的含量(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，表明电针有明显的镇痛作用；(4)在病变关节局部，电针能显著降低急性痛风性关节炎大鼠滑膜组织IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α含量(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，升高IL-4的含量(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，并降低关节滑膜内COX-2mRNA的表达(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，可促使急性痛风性关节炎大鼠滑膜内HSP-70蛋白表达显著增加(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)，从而抑止滑膜组织炎症发生。

Objetive:To investigate the histopathological features and detect the mutation of JAK2V617F in PV、ET and IMF;to analyze the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on the number of leucocyte in PV and ET patients;Methods: the morphological features of 69 patients who dignosed in the first time were studied by HGF and Gomori stains ; the mutation of JAK2V617F was detected in 38 blood or marrow samples of PV、ET and IMF patients by real-time PCR;the effects of the stages of myelofibrosis and the mutation on leucocytes were analyzed;Results: Different stages of reticulin were observed in 15 PV and 15 ET patiens'marrow sections,and the cytosis、the pleomorphism and the bone trabecula side location of megakaryocytes were observed in all PV、ET and IMF patients;the means of leucocyte in patients with and without JAK2V617F were 20.4×109/Land 11.4×109/L respectively;the P value was 0.367 as comparing the leucocytes among different stages of reticulin increasing.

目的：探讨PV、ET、IMF患者的骨髓病理特点并且检测JAK2V617F突变的发生率，分析骨髓中纤维增生程度以及JAK2V617F对PV、ET患者白细胞数的影响；方法：69例初诊患者的骨髓切片经HGF染色以及Gomori染色后进行形态学研究；并利用real-time PCR法测38例患者的骨髓或者外周血的JAK2V617F突变；分析骨髓切片中纤维组织增生程度以及JAK2突变对患者白细胞数的影响；结果：15例PV和15例ET患者的骨髓切片中可以观察到不同程度的纤维组织增生，所有PV、ET、IMF患者骨髓病理中可见到巨核细胞增多、巨核细胞多形性改变以及巨核细胞定位于骨小梁旁；12例PV、4例ET、4例IMF中检测到JAK2V617F；有突变和无突变患者发病时白细胞数均值分别为20.4×109/L和11.4×109/L，比较不同纤维增生程度的PV、ET患者的白细胞数均值，P值为0.367。

The objective is to subjugate and discourage the people, because that allows the elite to continue to rule unopposed.

其目的是压制和打击人民的积极性，因为这可以让实权派继续统治不会沦为反对派。

GOD,this is the second time you vanquished me!

天啊，这是第二次你打败了我！