组织细胞

It reflects functional peculiarity of conducting tissue by the lignification of cell wall and the specialization of the structure of cell wall in perforation,sieveplate ect.

细胞壁是包被在植物细胞原生质体外面的一个薄壁组织、机械组织、输导组织。各组织细胞细胞壁坚韧外壳，是植物细胞特有的

The palisade tissue cells of common type were 2 layers, while those of spur-type and columnar type were 3 or 4 layers. The ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue of common type was less than 1, and that of spur type and columnar type was more than 1. Moreover, the number of palisade tissue cell layers and the ratio of P/S were increased with the dwarfing degrees.

普通型苹果的叶片栅栏组织细胞一般排列成2层，其栅栏组织与海绵组织的厚度比值小于l；而柱型和短枝型的栅栏组织细胞通常排列成3层或4层，其栅栏组织与海绵组织的比值大于1，而且，随着矮化程度的加强，栅栏组织细胞层数和栅/海比有增加趋势。

Methods In this study,a plasmid vector,rAd5,and rAAV2 were used to transfect rat cochlear marginal cells of stria vascularis by injection into the perilymph through the round window membrane,and the transfection efficiency, target tissue accessibility, cell/ tissue toxicity, time course of expression, and effect on hearing were evaluated in vivo and in vitro.

结果三种载体对原代培养的大鼠耳边缘细胞的转染研究发现，腺病毒的转染效率最高，而腺相关病毒转染对细胞活性影响最小。rAAV2和rAd5对大鼠耳蜗组织的感染实验发现，腺病毒和腺相关病毒携带的增强型绿色荧光蛋白可在多种耳蜗组织中及转染对侧耳蜗组织表达，且并不引起明显的耳蜗组织细胞凋亡。rAAV2携带的EGFP基因在第90天时仍可检测到大量表达。rAd5携带的EGFP基因在第30天时表达明显减弱。

The hiberarchy of sclerenchyma cell wall of BM-rice leaf was not obvious by the observation of TEM.

3通过透射电镜观察，脆性突变水稻的细胞和细胞壁结构也有较大变化：叶片厚壁组织细胞细胞壁分层不明显；茎杆薄壁组织细胞形状不规则，大小不均一；根薄壁组织细胞细胞壁表面凹凸不平，形体膨松胀大。

Healthy spikes of high-resistant varieties had thicker cell wall and tissue of cortical sclerenchyma, more number of cortical sclerenchyma layers, more number of fibrovascular bundles, smaller area of green subcutaneous tissue in rachis, and theses differences, except number of fibrovascular bundles, enlarged over time. Considering inoculated spikes, cell wall and tissue layers of cortical sclerenchyma displayed different, and to how much extent the relationship between this difference and anti-extension ability of variety had not determined. 6. On the analysis of agronomical characters and molecular marking technology, more than 30 alien anti-Gibberella wheat materials and two mutants coming from this experiment were evaluated their hereditary multiplicity.

实验结果还证明，高抗品种和感病品种的穗轴组织结构确实存在一定差异，在健康穗中，主要表现在高抗品种的皮层厚壁细胞壁和皮层厚壁组织较厚，皮层厚壁细胞层数较多，维管束数目较多，穗轴表皮下绿色组织面积较小，抗、感品种间的差异达显著水平，随发育时间延长，高抗品种的皮层厚壁细胞壁厚度、厚壁组织厚度和厚壁细胞层数增加的幅度较大；在病穗中，主要表现在高抗品种的皮层厚壁组织细胞层数和厚壁细胞壁厚度增加的幅度较大。

Results The number of cellular apoptosis was obviously increased in multiple organs from the six patients died from SARS. The cellular apoptosis occurred predominantly in cytokeratin-positive pneumoncytes, terminal bronchiolar epithelium, CD3 + and CD8 + lymphocytes, as well as a part of CD20 + lymphocytes and CD68 + macrophages.

结果 与正常组织比较，SARS患者全身多器官组织细胞凋亡数目明显增多，尤以肺脏和免疫器官为甚，主要的凋亡细胞类型为CK阳性肺泡上皮细胞、终末支气管黏膜上皮细胞、CD3+细胞、CD8+细胞，以及少部分CD2 0 +细胞和CD6 8+巨噬细胞。

This topic investigate the change of epidermic cell in suspension and in simplex after they were preserved in defferent ways. The junction between cells and the adhesion between cells and matrix have important roles in the hypothermic impairment of tissue.Their existence affect the recovery of cells under hypothermia. Consequently,the cytoskeleton system may contribute to the impairment caused by junctions.

本研究利用体外培养的表皮细胞单层和单细胞悬液，采用不同的保存方法进行保存，观察到组织细胞间的连接以及细胞与细胞基质的连接对组织冷冻的损伤有重要的作用，它们的存在直接影响组织细胞的活力，其原因与细胞骨架系统有关。

Special staining methods, such as Masson and the Van Gieson staining were used to study the distribution of collogen fibers and elastic fibers. ResultsBy HE staining, the subepithelial connective tissues and vessels in the pterygium were more prominent than normal conjunctival tissues. An amorphous subepithelial superficial hyalinized zone and coarse eosinophilic granular materials were observed in the pterygia, but they were not found in normal conjunctival specimens. Coarse fibers were visible only in the deeper subepithelial connective tissues of pterygial samples. With Masson′s staining, the dense staining of collagen fibers was also more prominent in the pterygium than in the subepithelial connective tissues of normal conjunctiva. Abnormal collagen fibers were visible in the deeper sub-epithelial connective tissues of pterygial samples. With Van Gieson staining, abnormal collagen fibers were visible in the deeper subepithelial connective tissues. Dark coarse elastic fibers were found in the abnormal fibers only in the subepithelial deep connective tissues of pinguecula in the pterygia but not in the conjunctiva. With immunohistochemistry staining, MMP-3 was strong in the pterygial epithelium, moderate in fibroblast and absent from pterygial vascular walls. LN was strongly expressed in the blood vessel wall, moderately in the epithelial basement membrane and absent from the entire stroma.

结果HE染色：翼状胬肉组织上皮下基质中存在结缔组织的增生和血管形成；基质浅层存在一无定形物质透明区及粗糙的颗粒样嗜酸性物质，在翼状胬肉体部深层基质中存在粗糙的纤维组织；正常球结膜组织细胞排列整齐；基质为疏松结缔组织，胶原纤维平行排列，其间可见成纤维细胞，散在少量中性粒细胞、毛细血管；Masson染色：翼状胬肉浅层基质中存在致密的胶原纤维染色，深层基质中的胶原纤维存在变性样改变；VG染色：翼状胬肉组织深层基质中存在大量变性的胶原纤维，其间夹杂黑色的弹性纤维；免疫组化染色法：MMP-3在翼状胬肉上皮细胞中呈强表达，成纤维细胞中呈中等强度表达，血管内皮细胞中未见表达；LN在血管壁中呈强表达，在上皮细胞基底膜中呈中等强度表达，在整个基质中未见明显表达；col Ⅲ在整个翼状胬肉基质中呈强表达。

We suppose that there is a presently undefined subfraction of stem cell population that exists in a number of tissues beyond embryonic development. We term them postembryonic pluripotent stem cells. They differ from embryonic stem cells in that they gradually lose some differentiation potentials during development and adopt some special phenotypes once within a certain tissue. They can give rise to different kinds of stem cells; therefore, help to maintain balance during development and metabolism. They provide cells not only for the damaged tissues they reside, but also for damaged tissues different from them by migration triggered by proinflammatory cytokines or growth factors.

我们认为在胚胎发育后的多种组织中都存在一类原始干细胞群体，它们和造血干细胞、神经干细胞等多能干细胞不同，后者只能分化为特定胚层的细胞，而这类原始干细胞可分化为不同胚层的组织细胞；另一方面，它们区别于胚胎干细胞，在妊娠期间会逐渐失去部分分化潜能，并且会出现一些特殊表型或者分子标志，我们称其为胚胎后亚全能干细胞，这类干细胞具有下列特性：可分化为不同胚层的细胞，分布于身体的所有组织和器官，具有相同的表型或标志；他们在胚胎期存在于一些或全部的组织和器官中，可分化为不同类型的多能干细胞并在生长发育和新陈代谢中维持这些多能干细胞保持平衡；可以参与机体自我修复和更新，不仅能分化为所在器官的组织特异性细胞，参与器官重塑，也可以在炎症因子或者生长因子的趋化作用下，远处转移修复受损组织。

The results showed that NaCl stress decreased the seedlings fresh mass and dry mass significantly. Under NaCl stress, the relative contents of Na(superscript +) and Cl(superscript -) in cells increased significantly, but the increment somewhat differed with different tissues. In root and stem, epidermal cells had the greatest increment, followed by cortex cells, and stelar cells; while in leaf, epidermal cells had the greatest increment, followed by cortex cells, spongy tissue cells, and palisade tissue cells.

结果表明：NaCl能显著降低长春花幼苗的鲜质量和干质量；对根、茎和叶片横切面X射线微区分析表明，NaCl胁迫导致长春花体内各组织细胞中Na和Cl相对含量显著增加，但在各器官、组织中分布稍有不同：与对照相比，根和茎中都是表皮细胞中增加幅度最大，中柱细胞次之，皮层细胞最低；在叶片中亦是表皮细胞增加幅度最大，依次是皮层细胞、海绵组织细胞及栅栏组织细胞。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。