组织学诊断

Abstract］ objective to study the pathological features and histopathological type and differential diagnosis of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia.methods the clinicopathological characteristics of 40 cases of fnh were studied.all were evaluted by use of paraffin embedded sections and he staining before light microcope observation.results there were 28 females and 12 males fnh patients whose age were from 16 to 62 years（median 41.3）,all alpha-fetoprotein was negative and had no hepatitis history.25 cases were classic type showed characteristic central stellate fibrotic scar,composed of fibrous connestive tissue and tortuous blood vessels.8 cases were telangiectic type,the left were mixed type and adenomatoid type.conclusion fnh is a reactive proliferation of hepatic cells to local blood vessel anomalies,it is not realy a tumor.its differential diagnosis includes hepatic adenomatous hyperplasia nodule,hepatic anaplasia nodular hyperplasia,fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma.

目的 探讨肝局灶性结节性增生的病理形态特点、组织分型及鉴别诊断。方法分析40例肝局灶性结节性增生的临床资料，并采用石蜡包埋he染色光镜下观察其组织学特点。结果 40例肝局灶性结节性增生患者中，女28例，男12例，年龄18~62岁，平均年龄41.3岁，所有病例术前均无肝炎病史，甲胎蛋白阴性，组织学上25例为经典型，有特征性的中央纤维瘢痕，由纤维结缔组织及扭曲血管组成。8例为毛细血管扩张型，其余为混合型及腺瘤样增生型。结论肝结节性增生是一种肝细胞对局部血管的异常反应性增生，并非真性肿瘤，主要与肝腺瘤样增生性结节、肝间变性结节状增生、肝纤维板层癌及肝细胞腺瘤鉴别。

Results: 4 cases were geminoma, 3 cases were teratoma, 1 case was choriocarcinoma, 4 cases were glioma, 2 cases were meningiomas, pineoblstoma, neuroblastoma, dermoid cyst and arachnoid cyst each had one case. It maybe very difficult if we diagnosed only through MR signals. Due to the multitude origin of histology, we can diagnose through some special signals, such as adipose, cystic degeneration, hemorrhage and implant dissemination. We can also combined with clinical examination which is help to differential diagnosis.

结果：生殖细胞瘤4例，畸胎瘤3例，1例绒毛膜癌，胶质瘤4例，脑膜瘤2例，松果体母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、皮样囊肿及蛛网膜囊肿各1例，仅通过MR信号较难诊断，由于肿瘤组织学来源多，可通过一些特殊信号如脂肪、囊变、出血、种植播散等，并结合临床检查来进行鉴别诊断。

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis rely mainly on the histology and immunohistochemistry.

诊断和鉴别诊断主要依靠病理组织学和免疫组织化学。

Methods The clinical data and histological changes were reviewed in 4 cases of SPA. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of syphilis lymphadenitis were made in combination of laboratory findings.

对4例梅毒性淋巴结炎的临床资料和组织学形态进行回顾性分析，采用与临床实验室检查相结合的方法对其进行诊断和鉴别诊断。

Objective To investigate the pathologic-histology characters,pathologic diagnosis and distinguish diagnosis of Kikuchi lymphadenitis.

目的探讨Kikuchi淋巴结炎的病理组织学特点，病理诊断及鉴别诊断。

Some of the laryngeal MFH were difficult to be differentiated from carcinosarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma , myxoid liposarcoma ,malignant neurilemmoma and myxoma without immunohistochemical aids .

喉恶性纤维组织细胞瘤常规组织学与癌肉瘤、多形性横纹肌肉瘤、粘液型脂肪肉瘤、恶性神经鞘瘤、粘液瘤有时易混淆，免疫组织化学有助于明确诊断。

Sample collection: Two hundred and fifteen sera samples of normal population were collected from the peripheral blood of healthy blood donors of Shenyang, and the sera were separated by centrifugation after blood clotting; The patients sera were collected from the outpatients and inpatients of No. 1 hospital of China Medical University and the Second hospital of Jilin University. Syphilis was confirmed by clinical and serum test of TPHA and RPR; That of pemphigus vulgarism was confirmed not only by clinical, histopathological examination, but also by direct and indirect immunofluorescence test. DIF test on lesion or non-lesion skin showed immunoglobin and/or C3 deposits in the intercellular space of epidermis, and IIF test showed positive anti- intercellular antibody in patient serum using mouse's or rat's tongue or esophagus as substrate.

标本的收集：正常人的血清：采集沈阳市正常献血员外周静脉血共215份，待血凝后离心分离血清；患者的血清：来自中国医科大学一院及吉林大学二院门诊及住院部的病人，梅毒患者除了病史及临床表现外，全部经血清学TPHA及RPR确认；寻常性天疱疮患者除了临床及组织病理诊断外，还进行了直间接免疫荧光的检测，直接免诊断疫荧光：在皮损区及非皮损区的表皮细胞间显示IgG和/或C3补体沉积；间接免疫荧光用鼠或兔的舌或食管作为底物，在病人的血清中显示有肯定的细胞间抗体。

Objective To approach whether cytology may accurately subclassify invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.

诊断病理学杂志000107摘要：目的探讨经组织学证实的11例乳腺浸润性小叶癌的细胞学穿刺涂片，能否进行正确的组织学分类。

Objective To investigate clinicopathological characteristics of unicystic ameloblastoma and histological markers for differential diagnosis with odontogenic cyst.

目的 研究单囊型成釉细胞瘤的临床病理及凝集素免疫组织化学特点，探索有助于诊断和鉴别诊断的组织学标记物。

Objective To investigate the parameters of liver tissue in SD rats and beagle dogs and to supply evidence for toxicologic pathological evaluation.

目的 了解SD大鼠及beagle犬肝组织学参数，给毒理病理诊断提供组织学判断依据。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷