组织发生的

Beijingensis under three droughttreatments, normal, moderate and severe stresses. The results showed:(1) the canker disease ofboth cultivars was serious gradually with increased drought;(2) the bark tissue cells sufferedplasmolysis, more evident with the severity of drought stress;(3) under the drought andinoculation with B. dothidea, cells of two cultivars damaged at different degree, mailyrepresented in the changes of organelles, such as chloroplast swollen and distorted, number ofmitochondria increased and membrane system indistinct; then organelles suffered furtherdamagement with inoculation time, thinned mitochondrias stroma, decreased cristae, crumpledand partly broken membrane of chloroplasts with stroma exosmosis. At last, the chloroplastspartly disorganized;(4) the hyphae growed mainly intercellular in resistant cultivar and notonly intercellular but also intracellular in susceptible cultivar, which directly caused thenecrosis of cells;(5) under the severe drought, the damage of cells enhanced the infection ofpathogen and drought and pathogen stressed together and promoted the disease development;the damage from pathogen on cells was more serious than that from drought.

结果显示：(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，2种杨树溃疡病害发生渐趋严重；(2)干旱胁迫下，杨树树皮组织细胞发生质壁分离，并随胁迫程度的增加而严重；(3)干旱胁迫下接种病原菌，2种杨树细胞发生不同程度的损伤，主要表现为细胞器发生较大变化，如出现叶绿体肿胀变形、线粒体数量增多，质膜模糊不清等现象；随接种时间的延长，细胞器受到进一步损伤，叶绿体被膜折皱，严重时局部破裂，基质外渗，并部分最终解体；(4)毛白杨中的菌丝主要在细胞间隙中穿行，而北京杨的菌丝除在细胞间隙中生长之外，侵入细胞内部也较多，直接导致细胞的解体；(5)干旱胁迫下细胞的损伤促进了病原菌的侵染，干旱和病原菌的双重胁迫加剧了病害的发生程度，并且病原菌侵染对细胞的破坏程度大于水分胁迫。

After spores penetrated into the hemocoele, as the hyphae propagated and grew in the coelum, pathological changes occurred on all infected tissues and organs, including cuticle separating from epidermis, incompaet of fat body, disorganized digestive tract, crack in the muscle tissue and the disintegrated trachea tissue.

白僵菌侵入昆虫血腔后，随着菌丝在体腔内大量繁殖，受侵的各器官和组织均发生明显的病变，如皮细胞层和表皮分离、脂肪体松散、消化道被解体、肌肉组织出现裂缝、气管组织被解体破坏等。

The results indicate that the flow stress of the alloy increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature. The flow stress increases with increasing strain until the stress reaches the peak value, then the flow stress remains constant, which indicates that dynamic recrystallization happens during deformation. The flow behaviors are described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and the activation energy calculated is 337.75 kJ/mol. The as-forged microstructure consists of refined α2/γ and γ grains, and the grains are much homogeneous than before. The B2 phase distributes uniformly at the grain boundary of α2/γ and γ grains. The B2 phase decreases with increasing deformation temperature.

结果表明：流变应力随着应变速率提高和变形温度降低而增大；在变形过程中，流变应力随着变形量增大而增大，当流变应力达到峰值后趋于平稳，表明合金在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶；热变形过程的流变应力可采用双曲正弦本构关系来描述，平均激活能为337.75 kJ/mol；从合金的组织演化过程中可以看出，合金中不均匀的原始组织得到明显均匀化，变形后的组织是由α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒组成的双态组织，在α2/γ层片晶团和γ晶粒的晶界交界处发现分布均匀的B2相，并且随着变形温度升高B2相数量逐渐减少。

They analyzed 45 of these new genes in both normal and cancerous tissues from the same patients and found that many of the genes were methylated specifically in the tumor samples.

他们分析了这些新基因中的45种，通过检测来自于同一个患者的正常组织和肿瘤组织发现，许多基因发生了甲基化，尤其是在肿瘤组织标本中。

The relationship between the genetic deficiencies and hemorrhagic disorder were characterized. The homozygosity of the Thr359Met in the propositus with FⅦ: C activity 2% was related to severe clinical symptoms; The proband with double heterozygous lesions of Arg152Leu and one single nucleotide deletion at position 11487-9, combined with Arg304Trp in exon 8 with FⅦ activity 1% suffered severe clinical bleeding tendency. one proband with double heterozygous mutations (Agr304Trp and Arg304Gln) with 10% of FⅦ activities characterized asymptom. the heterozygous mutations (Thr359Met, Arg152Gln,-55C→T) with FⅦ: C 1%～5. 5% showed moderate or mild clinical symptoms.

其中8961 G＞T（Arg152Leu）和10966-8delC两种突变为国际首次报道，IFSla+5g＞a突变导致的异常剪接为国际首次报道。1个F7及F10基因联合缺陷家系，其中，F10基因28139 G＞T（Val384Phe）突变为国际首次报道；发现了1个由F7及组织因子(tissue factor，TF)两种基因联合缺陷导致的出血家系，其突变分别为F7基因启动子区-55C＞T杂合突变；TF 9363 C＞T（Arg131Trp）杂合多态性（频率2.63％）。6种F7基因突变发生在催化区；2种突变发生在裂解位点；1种发生在启动子区；1种突变发生在剪接位点，除一种缺失突变外，其余均为点突变；所有家系的基因突变都来自先证者的父亲和/或母亲。

The traits of dedifferentiation and redifferentiation of the explants form H. sampsonii show that the calli the stem and leaf usually form buds at its parietal cells. In the presence of auxin, the parenchyma of the leaf gap at the node is initiated firstly, then, develops blastemata that form buds in a cluster on the node without callus. These show that the various parts ofthe herb differ greatly in cell initiation and organ differentiation.

研究元宝草外植体的脱分化和再分化的特点结果表明，茎段和叶片启动形成愈伤组织，其不定芽通常发生在愈伤组织的周边区，茎节叶腋的叶隙薄壁组织在激素的诱导下启动、分裂，不形成愈伤组织而直接器官分化成芽原基，并在节结处产生一圈成簇的不定芽，表明元宝草不同部位的细胞启动及器官分化调控存在差异。

Methods The expression of caspase-3 and PCNA was detected by tissue microarray and immunohistochemical method in 95 hepatocellular carcinoma tissues,68 parahepatic cancer tissues and 19 normal liver tissues.

目的 探讨Caspase-3和PCNA在肝细胞肝癌的表达及其在肝细胞肝癌发生、发展中的作用方法应用组织芯片技术和免疫组化方法检测95例肝细胞肝癌组织、68例癌旁组织和19例正常肝组织中Caspase-3和PCNA的表达。

All the LOH on 〓 and 〓 was observed in invasive ductal carcino- ma, carcinoma simplex, medulary carcinoma and scirrhous carcino- ma, no deletions at these sites were observed in any invasive lobular carcinoma and others. These results imply an etiological difference.P53 gene is a hot point gene in the occurrence and development of breast, cancer. PCR-SSCP analysis was performed to detect P53 gene point mutation in the region between exon 5 and 8, 5 of 12 (41. 6%) stage I breast cancer patients contain mutation of P53, 3 of 5 patients were accompanied by 〓 deletion. These results suggested that point mutation and allelic loss of P53 gene are two vi- tal genetic events in earlier stage of breast tumorigenesis.

我们还发现，〓和〓位点LOH均分布在乳腺浸润性导管癌、单纯癌、髓样癌及硬癌中，在浸润性小叶癌和某些特殊类型乳腺癌中全部为LOH阴性，上述位点LOH可能与某些组织学类型乳腺癌的发生有关。P53基因是乳腺癌形成过程中的一个热点基因，本研究对12例Ⅰ期乳腺癌组织标本中P53基因热点区域第5、6、7、8外显子点突变进行了测定，发现41.6％（5／12）的病人有P53基因一个或多个点突变，其中3例同时伴有〓位点LOH，表明P53基因点突变和等位基因缺失是发生在乳腺癌形成早期的一个重要遗传学事件。

Years old, 25 being colonic cancer,51 being rectal cancer, 31 had limph-node metastasis, 13 had distant metastasis.In the present study, 44 cases of gastric cancer with normal gastric mucosa and 62 caese of colorectal cancer with there normal mucosa was detected CD44v6 raRNA expression using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

结果 胃、大肠的正常动膜有少量CD44V6表达：胃癌、大肠癌组织CD44V6VRNA、蛋白的表达率均高于其正常锚膜（P＜0.00），44例胃癌组织 CD44V6IuRN表达阳性率在不同的性别、发生部位、大体类型、组织类型、组织学分化程度、浸润深度和TNM分期间差异无显著性。

Background: New studies showed that changes in the balance between haemostatic and antithrombotic processes, including a prethrombotic state might contribute to the development of atherosclerotic lesions which occured in hypertensive vascular complications. This may be one of the causes that satisfactory blood pressure reduction with antihypertensive drugs does not lead to an equal reduction in heart attacks and strokes. With the development of traditional presentation of blood coagulation, the role of tissue factor pathway has been emphasized.

中文题名原发性高血压患者组织因子途径变化与血栓前状态关系的临床与实验研究副题名外文题名 Clinical and experimental study of relation between changes of tissue factor pathway and prethrombotic state in hypertensive patients 论文作者张卫茹导师孙明教授学科专业内科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中南大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数70页关键词血栓组织因子高血压馆藏号BSLW /2003 /R544 /3 背景：新近的研究表明，凝血与抗凝系统失衡所导致的血栓前状态与高血压并发症的发生关系密切，这可能是高血压病人虽经有效的降压治疗但发生心、脑、肾、血管并发症的危险仍很高的主要原因之一。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。