练习曲

Total repertoire shall be a complete Concerto and a 25 minute solo program which includes at least one movement of a Sonata by Clementi, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, or Schubert; a virtuoso Etude, and other solo of the contestant's choice

全部的曲目为一首完整的协奏曲和25分钟的独奏，包括至少一首克莱门第、海顿、莫扎特、贝多芬或者舒伯特奏鸣曲的一个乐章；一首炫技练习曲，和一首自选的其他独奏曲目。

In an upstairs room of my city house, at midnight, I would send out through the open windows long, tortured fragments of Alwin Schroeders 170 Foundation Studies for Violoncello to mingle with the squeals of cats.

午夜时分，我在城里住宅的楼上房间里，经常拉阿尔温。舒罗德的《大提琴基本练习曲170首》，从敞开是窗户传出长时间折磨人的练习曲片段，和猫的抗议声混在一起。

Once sure of their sources, Emio Greco and Pieter C.

111一旦确信了他们对于&源头&的研究路子，Greco 和 Pieter 继续寻找着各种不同的决定性的&练习曲&，这些系列性的练习曲，即所谓的&双点系列&。

Based on the analysis of his piano etudes, let us perceive him to learn of his music and the importance of etudes.

通过对他的钢琴练习曲的分析，让我们感知他的音乐才能以及学习他的练习曲的重要性。

The second chapter deals with the artistic features of Czerny's piano tudes . It affirms Czerny's position in music history and his contribution by analyzing the musical temperament , phrasing , harmony , tone and rhythm pattern of Czerny's tudes .

第二章通过对车尔尼练习曲的音乐情趣、乐句分句、和声、音响、节奏形态五个方面的分析阐述了车尔尼钢琴练习曲的艺术特色，从一个全新的角度重新定位车尔尼在钢琴艺术史上的历史地位和贡献。

The second chapter deals with the artistic features of Czerny"s pianoétudes. It affirms Czerny"s position in music history and his contribution by analyzing the musical temperament, phrasing, harmony, tone and rhythm pattern of Czernysétudes.

第二章通过对车尔尼练习曲的音乐情趣、乐句分句、和声、音响、节奏形态五个方面的分析阐述了车尔尼钢琴练习曲的艺术特色，从一个全新的角度重新定位车尔尼在钢琴艺术史上的历史地位和贡献。

The technique task takes the method of comparison, the comparison between the etude of Czerny and of Chopin.

关于前者主要是采取比较的方法，分别与车尔尼与肖邦的练习曲进行对照，找出其异同，揭示德彪西《钢琴练习曲》第一集中技术课题的表现方法及训练手段，并以此为基础来说明这部作品作为教材在实际教学过程中的地位和作用；关于后者是以音乐语言的特点和表现手段为基础，从术语、踏板及技术课题三个角度，间接或直接的来表现德彪西钢琴音乐色彩性的目的。

Thus , one can see clearly the music nature of Czerny's music tudes and their profound link with the works of Viennese classicism in terms of spirit , content and technique . In this way , the essay would further help the performers to understand the connotation of the works , to grasp their essence and change the training concept of aiming solely at technical exercises .

车尔尼钢琴练习曲的艺术特色研究至今在国内外尚显薄弱，笔者力图通过本文的写作，重新梳理车尔尼练习曲的音乐性及其与维也纳古典主义作品之间深刻的精神上、内容上、技术上的联系，以更好的帮助演奏者们理解作品的内涵，把握作品的实质，改变单一的以技术训练为目的的练习观点。

Chapter Ⅱ is comprised of 3 sections, which separately discusses the related literature of "the piano etude"," the using principle of the etude in piano teaching "," Karl Czerny and Stephen Heller's piano works ".

第二章共分三节，分别探讨「钢琴练习曲」、「练习曲在钢琴教学中之使用原则」、「彻尔尼与海勒钢琴作品」之相关文献。

Chapter Ⅳ is comprised of 3 sections. The first two sections carry on the analysis and edition comparison of every piece at Czerny《30 ?tudes de m?canisme》op.849 and Heller《30 ?tude progressives》op.46 alone.; The third section aims at comparing "the mechanical skill" and "the interpretation skill" carries on two works.

第四章共分三节，前两节先就《彻尔尼30首练习曲作品849》与《海勒30首进阶练习曲作品46》各首乐曲单独进行深入分析与版本比较；第三节则针对「机械性技巧」与「诠释性技巧」进行两部作品的综合比较。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。