线路

This paper describes a simple practical Excel 2003 drawing method for electronic circuit diagram,including how to build circuit diagram tool bar ,how to establish document icon,custom-made elements tools,and how to finish circuit diagram drawing,which has in certain extent solved the problem of electronic circuit diagram drawing in the text input process,and thus raised the.

文中从如何创电子线路图工具栏、设置元件图标、定制元件工具、绘制电子线路图等方面，为读者介绍了一种简单实用的Excel 2003绘电子线路的方法，基本解决了非专业人员绘制电子线路图的难题，从而提高了工作效率。

The invention discloses a judging method of false path connecting condition in the packet-switching network, which is characterized by the following: increasing false path operational management and maintenance report to detect the interconnection condition of false path; receiving the report through end service equipment; responding corresponding report; regarding the false path normal among service equipments after the local end service equipment receives the respond report within preset time.

一种包交换网络中判断伪线路连接状态的方法，增加伪线路操作管理和维护报文，用于伪线路连通状态检测；本端服务设备发送所述的伪线路操作管理和维护报文，对端服务设备接收到所述的伪线路操作管理和维护报文后，回复相应的伪线路操作管理和维护报文；当本端服务设备在预设时间内收到所述回复的报文后，认为服务设备之间的伪线路正常。

The results indicate:1 There are limitations to protect 110kV Kang-Ping transmission line and 220kV Da-An transmission line lightning, and the line-surge arrester can improve the lightning-proof property of transmission line on mountainous area and enhance the lightning-withstand level.2 Tower grounding resistance, distance between towers, etc can affect the function of line-surge arrester.

110kV康平线和220kV大安线已有的防雷措施不够理想，而加装了线路型避雷器后能明显改善山区输电线路的防雷性能，提高输电线路耐雷水平。2）输电线路的接地电阻，线路档距等因素对线路型避雷器的应用有影响。

The accidents statistics from 2000 to 2003 are analyzed in this paper.Based on the tradition lightning conductor,ATPsoftware is used to stimulate the operation of zinc oxide surge arresters,and good effect is taken according to the data of the stimulation.Our plan is to install zinc oxide surge arresters on the power grid and the pole where there are easily destroyed by the lightning.The work from July 2004 to May 2005 is finished.

对2000～2003年来雷击事故进行了统计分析，在传统避雷线、杆塔接地装置防雷设施基础上，采用ATP软件对安装线路氧化锌避雷器进行仿真计算，依据仿真结果，确定了在架空线路易击段、易击杆塔、特殊地形地貌杆塔安装线路型氧化锌避雷器方案，并从2004年7月至2005年5月在35kV、110kV架空线路上安装了线路型氧化锌避雷器。

At present,we or foreign have not dine out the universal general deicing ice's method to possibly apply to transmission line under the kinds of climate and micro-relief, this article have used the regelation load analysis and computation about the transmission line, we thought that it is passable to prevent the regelation effectively, to reduces the line compound stress and the non-uniform regelation rate the different span, about the different elevation difference and the non-uniform regelation when the appropriate position of line have finded the installment of deicing-device, to create the disaster to the transmission lines and the iron towers, and can guarantee the electrical network safely and steadiely operation.

目前，国内外还没有可以普遍通用的除冰方法可以应用于各种气候和各种微地形的输电线路，本文通过对输电线路覆冰荷载的分析计算，认为在线路适当位置安装除冰装置能有效防止不同档距、不同高差和不均匀覆冰线路的覆冰，减少线路综合应力和不均匀覆冰率，对输电线路及其铁塔造成灾害，保证电网安全稳定运行。

With the demonstration of 35kV line of Qinan substation, it built a numeral value calculation model of on-line data of each pole with EMTP program. Find out some factors of causing lines to outage frequently and the measures how to improve lightning withstand level of lines and decrease the lightning tripping outage of transmission line.

通过对线路基本电气参数的现场实测数据和波过程理论建立了与实际情况极为相符的雷击线路电磁暂态数值计算模型，在此模型基础上分析研究了影响线路耐雷水平的诸多因素，并重点研究了采用线路型避雷器来提高线路防雷性能的机理及影响因素。

Also, by using a novel offset architecture, as opposed to completely overlapped architecture, for the differential transmission pair, a 33% reduction of thickness is achieved in the design of a miniaturized common-mode filter with multi-layer LTCC technology. In view of increasing need of high-speed clock and data circuits to control their skew problems, a design of LTCC delay line is then conducted. To improve the waveform distortion associated with the microstrip/stripline-type meander delay line, a miniaturized high-frequency 3-D delay line with grounded guard traces is introduced. By means of 3-D structure, the 233 ps delay time, which requires extra board space amounting to a factor of 2.34 by stripline type meander delay line, can be shrunk into an EIA 1206 form factor.

为因应高速时脉及高速线路的不断发展，用於控制讯号、时脉同步的延迟线路需求日益增加，接著讨论的题目便是应用低温共烧陶瓷制程技术设计多层的延迟线路元件，为了改善在微带线/带线型折线式延迟线路波形失真的问题，论文中提出以接地的防护线来设计小型化的三维多层延迟线路元件，比较应用带线型折线式延迟线路和应用三维架构设计的延迟线路元件，同样提供233 ps的延迟时间，多层架构设计之延迟线路可缩小至EIA 1206 的尺寸，省下2.34倍的电路板面积。

Cable .Make use of this principle, we can quickly locate the target cable or break point from large amount of cables, under carpet, the inner of decoration wall and over ceiling1 operation is simple , reliable , the interface is nimble , use is broad , bionic form , carry-over are convenient, since our link tester has two signal output port, it can work when switch is running, this is very convenient. 2 applies to all metal cable such as network cable , tele phone line cable , video cable , automobile circuit .it can not be work with high voltage(above 80V),if you want to locate it ,please turn off the cable power supply3 can test the telephone line polarity, connectedness, rough position of breaking point.4 uses the two crocodile clamp to avoid getting rid of the job of make network cable. Use the RJ45/RJ11 interface can connect to the network and the telephone line directly.5 link tester can find out that pair of circuit line cable from large mount of cables. 6 high amplitude ranks 200 times amplification circuit is sui table to locate long distance cable.7 two-sided network lines sequence indicator is easy to examine the network line cable whether or not correctly conveniently. 8 portable types multifunctional bag can encase most of your engineering tools; remit your messy carry-over of implement bothering. 9 adopt two 9V batteries.

线路通产品特点：1 操作简单、性能可靠，接口灵活、用途广泛，仿生外形、携带方便，由于本设备采用了信号双路输出方式，可以解决交换机工作状态下使用，避免了关掉交换机影响其他线路的使用的麻烦。2 适用于查找网络电缆、电话线路、视频电缆、汽车电路、无强电状态下的所有金属电缆。3 可以测试电话线路极性、连通性，断点大概位置。4 两个鳄鱼嘴夹，避免了去做水晶头的麻烦，RJ45/RJ11接口线，可直接连接网络和电话线模块。5 寻线器快速地在众多紊乱的线路中找出需要查找的那一对线路线缆。6 高音频振幅级别200倍的放大电路，适合长距离电缆定位。7 双面网络线续灯可以更直观方便的检查校正网络线续线路连接是否正确。8 便携式多功能软包，可以把您工程施工、维护的基本工具装齐，免除您工具散乱携带的麻烦。9 本寻线器采用2节9V电池。

Be work with high voltage(above 80V),if you want to locate it ,please turn off the cable power supply3 can test the telephone line polarity, connectedness, rough position of breaking point.4 uses the two crocodile clamp to avoid getting rid of the job of make network cable. Use the RJ45/RJ11 interface can connect to the network and the telephone line directly.5 link tester can find out that pair of circuit line cable from large mount of cables. 6 high amplitude ranks 200 times amplification circuit is suitable to locate long distance cable.7 two-sided network lines sequence indicator is easy to examine the network line cable whether or not correctly conveniently. 8 portable types multifunctional bag can encase most of your engineering tools; remit your messy carry-over of implement bothering. 9 adopt two 9V batteries.

l线路通产品特点：1 操作简单、性能可靠，接口灵活、用途广泛，仿生外形、携带方便，由于本设备采用了信号双路输出方式，可以解决交换机工作状态下使用，避免了关掉交换机影响其他线路的使用的麻烦。2 适用于查找网络电缆、电话线路、视频电缆、汽车电路、无强电状态下的所有金属电缆。3 可以测试电话线路极性、连通性，断点大概位置。4 两个鳄鱼嘴夹，避免了去做水晶头的麻烦，RJ45/RJ11接口线，可直接连接网络和电话线模块。5 寻线器快速地在众多紊乱的线路中找出需要查找的那一对线路线缆。6 高音频振幅级别200倍的放大电路，适合长距离电缆定位。7 双面网络线续灯可以更直观方便的检查校正网络线续线路连接是否正确。8 便携式多功能软包，可以把您工程施工、维护的基本工具装齐，免除您工具散乱携带的麻烦。9 本寻线器采用2节9V电池。

The main contributions of the paper are as follows:(1) The paper expounds the characteristics of power transmission of EHV and UHV six-phase transmission lines. Researching results show that six-phase can utilize the overhead transmission right-of-way efficiently, and improve the density of power transmission. At the same time, the electric field on surface of conductor, the power frequency electric-magnetic field at ground level can be controlled within the range of permission for six-phase transmission lines.

本文对六相输电线路的功率传输特性和几种继电保护原理进行了深入的研究和分析，取得如下成果：(1)详细分析和研究了六相输电线路在超高压和特高压两个电压等级上的功率传输特性，研究结果表明，六相输电线路能够最大程度地利用线路的走廊空间，明显提高系统的功率传输密度，并且线路的表面电场强度，以及线路下方的工频电场和磁场强度完全可以控制在规定允许的范围内。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。