线粒体的

The influences of INA were as follows: The mulcher of pollen parietes was disintegrated or disappeared in certain section and even the entire extine was deleted. The injuries of organelles in the pollen were demonstrated by plastosome peplos imperfect, vesicle sterility; concentric circles of the endoplasmic reticulum or fold arranged, to form the membranal inclusions by enwrapping part of the cytoplasm, and decrease of ribosome amount.

INA细菌对花粉的超微结构的影响表现为：使花粉壁的覆盖层在某些区域解体消失或整个花粉外壁缺失；使花粉中的细胞器受到破坏，包括线粒体被膜不完整，嵴呈囊泡状；内质网呈同心圆卷绕或折叠状排列包围部分细胞质而形成膜内含物；核糖体数量明显减少等。

Capsaicin their family and the aromatic elements of grass-formaldehyde adhesion to the cancer cell to the protein inside the mitochondria and trigger apoptosis (cell stimulation in the environment under the control of the phenomenon of natural death), also will not hurt The surrounding healthy cells.

辣椒素所属的分子家族以及芳香草醛能黏附到癌细胞线粒体里面的蛋白上，引发癌细胞凋亡(细胞受环境刺激后在基因调控之下所产生的自然死亡现象)，同时还不会伤害周围的健康细胞。

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship in goldfish were examined using mitochondrial D-Loop partial sequences at eight representative varieties of goldfishes and wild crucian carp. The eight representative varieties were Red Common Goldfish, Red Fantail, White Oranda with Red Carp, White Pearlscale, Red Tigerhead, Black Moor, Red Moor with Butterfly Tail and Red Bubble-eye with Dorsal Fin. 699 base-pair nucleotide sequences of Mitochondrial D-Loop were examined and analyzed for genetic polymorphism, Sequences data showed that all 129 sequences were grouped into 17 haplotypes. Nine representative varieties shared same haplotype. Five representative varieties of goldfishes had haplotypes respectively.

采用PCR技术扩增了红草金鱼，红文鱼，红顶白高头，白珍珠，红狮头，红龙睛蝶尾，墨龙睛，红水泡八个品种金鱼和野生鲫线粒体DNA的D-Loop区部分序列，PCR产物经纯化、测序、同源序列比对后获得长度为699bp的核苷酸序列，在129个样本中共检测到了17个单倍型，9个品种共享1种单倍型，5个品种的金鱼(BM， MB， WR， RF， RC)检测到各自独有的单倍型。

METHODS: After AIF△1-120 gene was successfully cloned, the shorter truncated human AIF gene (AIF△1-400) was constructed by deleting the Nterminal mitochondrial localization sequence, the coding sequence of flavine adenine dinucleotide binding domain and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide binding domain of AIF protein.The truncated human AIF gene (AIF△1-400) was inserted into the pIRES2EGFP and pcDNA3 eukaryotic expression vectors, and the coexpression vectors were then transfected into HeLa cells with LipofectAMINE.

在AIF△1-120基因克隆成功的基础上进一步改造，构建截去AIF基因线粒体定位信号，FAD结合结构域和NADH结合结构域（1-400位氨基酸）编码序列的AIF△1-400基因，将其克隆入pcDNA3和pIRES2EGFP真核表达载体，用脂质体法转染HeLa细胞，通过荧光显微镜观察，MTT检测等方法检测该基因在转染细胞中的表达及其对肿瘤细胞的促凋亡活性。

METHODS: After AIF△1-120 gene was successfully cloned, the shorter truncated human AIF gene (AIF△1-400) was constructed by deleting the Nterminal mitochondrial localization sequence, the coding sequence of flavine adenine dinucleotide binding domain and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide binding domain of AIF protein.

在AIF△1-120基因克隆成功的基础上进一步改造，构建截去AIF基因线粒体定位信号，FAD结合结构域和NADH结合结构域（1-400位氨基酸）编码序列的AIF△1-400基因，将其克隆入pcDNA3和pIRES2EGFP真核表达载体，用脂质体法转染HeLa细胞，通过荧光显微镜观察，MTT检测等方法检测该基因在转染细胞中的表达及其对肿瘤细胞的促凋亡活性。

The PCR production sequence length of them were 539bp and 498bp respectively, the same region sequence of mule chicken were the same as Guinea fowl or black normal feather Wugu chickens.

黑羽常羽乌骨鸡和珍珠鸡的线粒体D环高变区序列存在长度变异，乌骨鸡的此段序列长度为539hp，珍珠鸡的序列是498hp，而骡鸡个体的此段序列或同于乌骨鸡、或同于珍珠鸡。

The phylogenetic analysis of 22 ND4L sequences of Phocidae from GenBank showed that there are two clades (which belong to Northern Group and Southern Group) supported by relatively high bootstrap value and there are more closed relationship between spotted seal and harbor seal.17 haplotypes with 717bp were obtained from the mtDNA control region, adjacent proline and a portion of the threonine tRNA genes of 46 individuals.

利用从GenBank中下载的22个海豹科动物的ND4L基因序列的系统进化分析表明，海豹科动物分为南半球和北半球两大类群，斑海豹与港海豹为北半球种类，亲缘关系最近。从46个辽东湾斑海豹线粒体DNA控制区和苏氨酸及脯氨酸tRNA基因717bp片段的测序，得到17个单倍型。

There is now strong evidence that chloroplasts and other cell organelles, such as mitochondria, represent prokaryotic organisms that invaded heterotroph ic eukaryotic cells early in evolution and are now part of an indispensable symbiotic union see endosy

这恰恰是现在有关叶绿体及一些其他的细胞器如线粒体是被原始的真核细胞吞噬进细胞内，与宿主长期共生而逐渐演化出独立单元的内共生起源学说的重要证据。

Based on the combined dataset of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 protein coding genes,using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of fifteen species of lepidopteran insects,The resulst showed the same topologies and supported a close relationship between the Geometroidea,Noctuoidea and Bombycoidea.This result deviates from the traditional view.

基于线粒体基因组13个蛋白质编码基因的核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列的联合数据集构建了15种鳞翅目昆虫的系统树，采用BI和ML分析方法建树，所得拓扑结构类似，都显示蚕蛾总科，尺蠖蛾总科和夜蛾总科关系较近，结果与前人研究的结果不完全一致。

In resting cysts, the microtubules under the pellicle, cortical ciliatures, conjunctions between cilia basal bodies, supporting structure of basal bodies and other microtubule structures are absorbed in different extent; microtubule-like assemble bodies appear at the center of the remained cilia basal bodies; the granules of chromatin and nucleolus in macronucleus become smaller whereas nucleus pores of the micronucleus become bigger; the inner membrane of some nucleus pores are attached with chromatin.

结果表明：纤毛虫形成包囊过程中，皮层细胞质中产生具有自噬泡消化特征的细胞器，将部分纤毛结构等逐步消化；休眠包囊中，表膜下微管、皮层纤毛器和纤毛基体间连接、基体托架及其他微管结构不同程度地被吸收、在残剩纤毛基体的中央形成微管形结构聚合体，大核染色质和核仁颗粒变小，核孔增大，并发生染色质附着于核孔内膜的现象；细胞脱包囊期间，皮层细胞骨架、线粒体等经历了在残剩结构基础上的再分化。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。