线粒体的

The results showed that the volume density of mitochondriumand mitochondrial intermembrane crack increased according to ischemic time extension;The volume density ofmitochondrial crista decreased according to ischemic time extension;prominent defference occured after 45 min-utes of ischemia,The practice demonstrates that image analysis instrument has marked pre...

结果显示：线粒体和线粒体外室的体密度随缺血时间延长而加大，线粒体嵴的体密度随缺血时间的延长而减少，缺血45min以后即和正常对照有显著性差别。实践证明，图像分析仪在定量超微结构的变化上，具有高度的精确性，故可早期发现病变。

By 23rd March 2004, there have been 883 records about mtDNA of Chrysomelidae in the data bank of NCBI, but the record of cytb is 0. cytb is the protein-coding gene and known most clearly in mtDNA. Its often used to study Diptera but never to study the phylogeny of Chrysomelidae.

截至2004年3月23日，在NCBI数据库中，有关叶甲科线粒体基因记录共有883条，但线粒体细胞色素b基因为0记录。cytb基因是一种编码蛋白的基因，是目前了解的最清楚的线粒体基因之一，多用于研究双翅目昆虫，却未曾用于研究叶甲科的系统学问题。

The invention discloses a method to analyze fish genetic information with mitochondria DNA D-loop controlling zone, which comprises the following steps:(1) extracting genom DNA and mitochondria DNA of fish;(2) designing simple primer in fish mitochondria DNA D-loop controlling zone; possessing twenty one basic groups CAC CCY TRR CTC CCA AAG CYA in upstream primer MitD1-F; possessing twenty three basic groups GGT GCG GRK ACT TGC ATG TRT AA in downstream primer MitD1-R;(3) proceeding PCR reaction under the function of primer;(4) choosing agarose jel electrophoresis;(5) checking sequence for augment mtDNA D-loop gene fragment.

本发明公开了一种利用线粒体DNA D-loop控制区进行鱼类遗传信息分析的方法。它包括如下步骤：(1)分别提取鱼类基因组DNA和线粒体DNA；(2)在鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop控制区设计简并引物：其上游引物MitD1-F有21个碱基：CAC CCY TRR CTC CCA AAG CYA；下游引物MitD1-R有23个碱基：GGT GCG GRK ACT TGC ATG TRT AA；(3)在引物的作用下进行PCR反应；(4)琼脂糖凝胶电泳；(5)对扩增的mtDNA D-loop基因片断进行测序。

The general properties of the organization and structure characteristics of lepidopteran mitochondrial genome are drawed form the viewpoint of structural,comparative and evolutionary genomics through comparison of the two new genome data wjth the other Lepidopteran species data in GenBank.

通过将两种新测序的线粒体基因组与已测序的13种鳞翅目昆虫线粒体基因组序列进行比较分析，从结构、比较与进化基因组学的角度总结了鳞翅目昆虫线粒体基因组的结构组成以及序列进化等方面的一般特征。

Finding the frequency of occurrence of heterogenicity among people and making the method of examining the heterogenicity standardized by setting up the data of mitochondrial DNA will be of great sig...

通过建立mtDNA数据库，找出异质性在人群中的发生频率，并使检测异质性的方法标准化，对线粒体DNA的更有效检测具有重要意义；线粒体DNA编码区多态性位点在提高线粒体DNA系统效能中具有独到之处。

Japonica sinensis to the putative ancestral pancrustacean (crustacean/insecta) gene order.

中华绒螯蟹线粒体基因组与推测的泛甲壳类原始的线粒体基因顺序相比，至少有12个基因发生了重排，造成线粒体基因排列顺序显著的变化。

Rearrangements have been occurred in at least twelve mitochondrial genes, which have drastically altered the gene order of the mitten crab E. japonica sinensis to the putative ancestral pancrustacean (crustacean/insecta) gene order.

中华绒螯蟹线粒体基因组与推测的泛甲壳类原始的线粒体基因顺序相比，至少有12个基因发生了重排，造成线粒体基因排列顺序显著的变化。

The injured gill cells had a different ultrastructure, with endoplasmic reticulum dilated and vesiculated, mitochondrial cristaes partially disintegrated, gill fibre cuticles denatured and dropped. The ultrastructural damages to hepatopancreatic cells were characterized by the decrease of microvilli, swelling and breaking up of mitochondria, expansion of endoplasmic reticulum, disruption and vacuolization of nucleus, tumefaction of nuclear membrane and increase of lipid droplets. As for the toxicological changes of myocardial cells, the mitochondria were swelling, having a lot of vacuolus and disintegrating, while the myofibrils were irregular with endoplasmic reticulum dissolved.

鳃细胞的损害表现为鳃丝水肿，细胞器溶解，角质层变薄，线粒体、内质网的肿胀、解体；肝胰脏细胞的主要损害特征为肝管微绒毛减少，线粒体水肿解体，内质网扩张，细胞核空泡化，核膜水肿和脂肪滴增加；心脏细胞的毒理变化为线粒体内嵴肿胀、瓦解，肌原纤维不规则，内质网溶解。

In this experiment,nad4 and cox1 genetic variation of cestodes were firstly studied.Genetic variation and DNA polymorphism of mitochondria were carried out from mitochondrial gene.So the effective genetic markers were found which studied molecular taxonomy and Phylogenetic relationship of cestodes.This study have filled in the blank space of research that was related to China\'s cestodes mitochondrial genome research.

本试验首次对绦虫nad4和cox1基因的遗传变异情况进行研究，从线粒体基因的角度，开展绦虫线粒体遗传变异和DNA多态性方面的研究，找到了研究绦虫分子分类学、种群遗传关系有效的遗传标记，填补了我国寄生绦虫线粒体全基因组相关研究的空白。

Since mitochondrion is the primary organelle productting energy in cells, the genes related to the function of mitochondrion would be associated with the growth and quality of skeletal muscle.

骨骼肌是一种代谢旺盛的器官，其肌纤维中含有丰富的线粒体，而线粒体是细胞中产生能量的主要部位，与线粒体功能相关的基因必然与肌肉的生长和品质有关。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。