线粒体

How can you determine whether glucose added to a suspension of isolated mitochondria is metabolized to CO2 and H2O?

你如何确定加入到分离线粒体悬浮液中的葡萄糖代谢成为CO2和H2O？

Confocal microscope detection experiments showed that, in morulae and blastocysts, with theincreasing concentration of BPA, embryo of cytochrome C release rate increased. This showedthat the cytochrome C involved in BPA-induced the embryos apoptosis process. This processis regulated by the mitochondrial pathway.

激光共聚焦显微镜检测细胞色素C结果显示：在桑椹胚期和囊胚期，随着BPA处理浓度的升高，释放细胞色素C的胚胎比率逐渐增加，说明细胞色素C参与了BPA诱导胚胎细胞凋亡的过程，这一过程是通过线粒体通路来调节的。

Electron microscopic observation demonstrated excessive accumulation of lipid droplets and with abnormal mitochondria in some cases. Conclusions LSM was a complex disease. It was considered to be a subgroup of mitochondrial myopathies. Fatigue and muscle weakness were the prominent symptoms with recurring courses in most cases.

脂质沉积性肌病是一组生化方面十分复杂的疾病，属于线粒体肌病的一个类型，临床上以不能耐受运动和近端肌无力为主，病程呈波动性，部分可有自发缓解，肌肉病理检查有助于确诊。

Results: in contrast with model group, SSM can (1) increase the survival rate of ARF in rats, cut down Scr and BUN at 24hr, improve renal function, slightly surpass Vp in its therapeutic effect;(2) mitigate the extent of renal pathologicchanges, decrease the numbers of renal tubule necroses and casts;(3) protect renal ultrastructure such as microvilli, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum of TEC, podocytic process of glomerulus epithelial cell,endothelial cell etc, better than Vp;(4) enhance SOD activity, lower MDA contents in renal cortex;(5) enhance NO contents in serum, reduce ET levels in plasma;(6) evidently cut down TNF- a contents in serum, superior to Vp;(7) antagonize calcium overload in TEC;(8) alleviate renal pathological changes in ARF metaphase (at 3d), advance regeneration and recovery of TEC, restore renal structure in ARF convalescence (at 5d), and better than Vp;(9) increase the expression of TEC PCNA and prepro EGFmRNA in ARF metaphase.

结果：与模型组相比，SSM能(1)提高ARF大鼠的存活率，降低24hr时Scr及BUN，改善肾功能，其疗效略优于维拉帕米；(2)减轻ARF肾脏病变程度，减少24hr肾小管坏死数及管腔内管型数；(3)对肾脏的超微结构如肾小管上皮细胞微绒毛、线粒体、内质网、肾小球上皮细胞足突、内皮细胞等形态结构均有一定的保护作用，其疗效略优于维拉帕米；(4)提高肾皮质SOD活性，降低MDA含量；(5)提高血清NO水平，同时降低血浆ET含量；(6)显著降低血清TNF-α的水平，疗效明显优于维拉帕米；(7)拮抗小管上皮细胞[Ca~(2+)]_i的升高；(8)使ARF中期(第3d时)肾组织病变较同期其它两组明显减轻，并使肾小管细胞再生修复提前，至ARF恢复期(第5d时)肾组织结构恢复重建良好；作用明显优于维拉帕米；(9)促进ARF中期肾小管上皮细胞PCNA的表达及EGF前体mRNA的合成，从而增加EGF的合成释放，而维拉帕米无此作用。

Materials and Methods: 40 Sprague-Dawley Rats were divided into five groups at random. 8 rats served as normal control group. The remaining rats were given 5/6 subtotal nephrectomies to establish the model of CRF.

目的：观测慢性肾功能衰竭（Chronic Renal Failure， CRF）肾功能、肾脏病理和血浆丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶，以及肾、心、小肠线粒体的改变，初步探讨CRF&肾小管高代谢学说&和&尿毒症毒素致病学说&的深层机理。

Exogenous Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL neutralizes BH3I-2 in vitro and diminishes its effect on the inner mitochondria! membrane.

外源性的Bcl-2或Bcl-X_L能够抵消BH3I-2'的作用并能削弱BH3I-2'对线粒体内膜的作用。

The relationship of spleen deficiency and decrepitude is osculating, and the relationship of mitochondria and decrepitude is more and more definitude too.

研究脾虚与线粒体结构以及功能变化之间的相互关系，有助于揭示脾虚与衰老的内在联系，进而从脾虚这一病理学改变的角度揭示&脾为后天之本&的分子生物学基础，为中医药延缓衰老开辟新的途径。

The cerebral mitochondrial impairment model provides a new method to investigate the pathologies and medicines of AD.

NaN3造成的脑线粒体损伤模型为AD机理和治疗药物的研究提供了新的途径。

Now, it looks a lot more interesting, for Evangelos Michelakis and his colleagues at the University of Alberta, in Canada, are testing a drug called dichloroacetate that suppresses the Warburg effect and reactivates the mitochondria.

现在，此效应引起了更多的关注——加拿大阿尔贝达大学的 Evangelos Michelakis 及其同事们正在试验一种名为二氯醋酸，能够抑制 Warburg 效应并激活线粒体的药物。

Now, it looks a lot more interesting, for Evangelos Michelakis and his colleagues at the University of Alberta, in Canada, are testing a drug called dichloroacetate that suppresses the Warburg effect and reactivates the mitochondria.

现在，此效应引起了的关注加拿大阿尔贝达大学的Evangelos Michelakis及其同事们正在试验一种名为二氯醋酸、能够抑制Warburg效应并激活线粒体的药物。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。