线粒体

Mitochondrial gene fragments of COⅠ and Cyt b of 24 species in the subfamily Pierinae and Coliadinae were amplified and sequenced. Combing these with the homologous sequences of 2 species from GenBank and using 2 species of the Satyridae as the outgroups, the molecular phylogenetic trees of these groups were reconstructed with neighbor-joining and bayesian inference methods.

测定了粉蝶科的粉蝶亚科和黄粉蝶亚科14属共24种线粒体COⅠ和Cyt b基因部分序列，并从GenBank中下载了2种粉蝶的同源序列，以眼蝶科的2个物种为外类群，运用NJ法、贝叶斯法分别重建了分子系统树，探讨了它们的系统发生关系。

It is proved by ultrastructural observations that few plastids and abundednt mitochondria were ever presenting in the generative cell of Pisum sativum from its formation to maturation.

在豌豆中证明了生殖细胞自形成直至成熟花粉时，始终存在少量质体和较多的线粒体。

It was proved by ultrastructural observations that few plastids and abundent mitochondria were ever present in the generative cell of Pisum sativum L.

超微结构的研究证明，豌豆（Pisum sativum L。）生殖细胞自形成直至成熟花粉时期，始终存在少量质体和较多的线粒体。

Besides chromosome DNA, has extremely few structure different DNA to exist in eukaryotic cell's line plastochondria and the chloroplast.

除染色体DNA外，有极少量结构不同的DNA存在于真核细胞的线粒体和叶绿体中。

In plant, moist mildew element through in competition cell chloroplast and line plastochondria ribosome and elongation factor EF-2 union position spot, thus suppresses the peptide chain the extension, the destruction cell's translation function, causes to organize the brown death sensitively.

在植物中，潮霉素通过竞争细胞叶绿体和线粒体中的核糖体与延长因子 EF-2 的结合位点，从而抑制肽链的延长，破坏细胞的翻译功能，使敏感组织褐化死亡。

If the person line plastochondria surrounds DNA to include 16569 basic groups to be right, Lamda bacteriophage DNA includes 48502 basic groups to be right, the paddy rice chloroplast genome team is right including 134525 basic groups, the tobacco chloroplast genome team contains 155844 basic groups to be coordinated.

如人线粒体环DNA含有16569个碱基对，λ噬菌体DNA含有48502个碱基对，水稻叶绿体基因组含134525个碱基对，烟草叶绿体基因组含155844个碱基对等。

The results indicated that the typical apoptosis was induced by PRRSV in lungs and uteri. The ultrastructural changes showed different characterizations at different stages of the infection. During the early stage from 8th h to day 3 postinfection,the apoptosis cells shrank,the cytoplasm concentrated,the chromatin condensed,the kernel disaggregated and the endoplasmic reticulum dilated. During the middle stage from day 5 to day 9 postinfection,the apoptosis cells evidently shrank,the cell membranes protu berated,the plastosome manifolded,and apoptosis bodies were found. During the last stage from day 10 upwards postinfection,the apoptosis bodies degenerated and disappeared,and no inflammation occurred. Few apoptosis cells were necrotic.

结果表明，PRRSV可诱导宿主肺和子宫发生典型的细胞凋亡，表现为细胞的超微形态结构随着病毒感染进程出现不同的特征性变化，早期（感染后第8 h至第3 d）凋亡细胞多表现为细胞体积缩小，细胞质密度增强，染色质浓缩，核仁解体，内质网扩张；中期（感染后第5 d至第9 d）凋亡细胞体积显著缩小，细胞膜突起，线粒体增多，有凋亡小体形成；晚期（感染后第10 d以后）凋亡细胞形态多表现为凋亡小体降解和消失，少数凋亡细胞在凋亡晚期表现为坏死细胞。

Results The neurological defects score was singificiant lower in D group (41.50±8.18) than that in group A(82.20±8.08), B(63.60±6.22) and C (61.00±6.58)(all P.01). Compared with groups A, C, group D showed that the cellular nucleus was shrinkaged slightly, the gap of cells was nomal roughly and the degree of rarefaction in neurofibra net was not serious under the light microscope. Under the electron microscope, the neuron was degenerated, the cellular membrane was integrated and the plastosome was swelled lightly in the group D. The physiological demage were slighter in D group.

结果 D组神经功能缺损评分(41.50±8.18)明显低于A组(82.20±8.08)、B组(63.60±6.22)和C组(61.00±6.58)（均P.01）；光镜下D组神经细胞核轻度皱缩，细胞周围间隙大致正常，神经纤维网疏程度不严重；电镜下D组神经元轻度变性，细胞核无皱缩，核膜完整，线粒体轻度肿胀；脑组织病理损害程度较B组和C组明显减轻。

The result was consistent with morphology of Pleuronectiformes on the whole.In the topology founded,Scophthalmus maximus and Solea senegalensis formed an independent branch each other and showed far relationship with species of Bothidae and Pleuronectidae,the phylogenic position of Solea senegalensis is accorded with the reported result of analysis made by mitochondrial genome.

运用PAUP软件对15种鲽形目鱼类与另外7种不同种属鱼类进行了分子系统进化树分析，结果与根据传统的形态学和生化特征分类进化地位基本一致，在15种鲽形目鱼类中只有大菱鲆和塞内加尔鳎各自单独形成一个分支且与鲆科和鲽科鱼类相距较远，其中塞内加尔鳎等种类的分类地位与根据线粒体DNA序列分析的系统发生模式基本吻合。

A single point mutation in intervening sequence 2 (IVS2) of human mitochondrial arginyl-tRNA synthetase gene causes abnormal cleavage of its transcript, resulting in pontocerebellar hypoplasia.

人线粒体精氨酰-tRNA合成酶基因2号内含子中的一个单点突变导致该基因的转录本被异常剪接，造成脑桥小脑发育不全。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。