线状

This article focuses on the line-line, line-region and region-region topological relations algorithm, which come down to the same question: whether there are intersections between line and line. The sweep-line algorithm was studied by many people, but has some deficiencies to be improved, in order to handle some special cases and increase program efficiency. My works as follows: rectangular envelope to reduce executive times , vector cross multiplication to determine intersection between line and line, coordinates and slope method to deal with some special cases. C program examples are showed together.(5) Finally, to prove capability and efficiency of the model and calculation method, some test systems are developed. For example, complex spatial topological relation query, parcels' exact area with the area of linear object reduced in land use, quality inspection to cadastral data according to topological rule, spatio-temporal change query of cadastral data.

将线线、线面、面面之间的拓扑关系实现的算法归结为线与线之间求交的基本问题；为处理一些特殊的拓扑关系情况，提高扫描线算法的效率，探讨了包络矩形粗滤、判断线线是否相交的矢量叉乘法、线节点重合或共线的斜率坐标判断法等改进方法；同时还设计了一种新的节点微小圆求交的算法，可应用于图斑与线状地物细分拓扑关系及地类面积的计算；（5）本文设计了实验系统，包括复杂对象的拓扑关系表达与计算程序、图斑地类面积的计算程序、基于空间拓扑关系规则的地籍数据库质量检查功能，以及时空拓扑关系和变化语义分析等原型，验证了拓扑关系表达模型和计算方法的可行性和实用性。

Based on the description of uncertain linear and area objects, intersection degrees for parts of uncertain linear and area objects are represented quantitatively. By calculating correlation degrees between spatial vectors composed of these measurement units and spatial relation vectors determined by 9-intersection model, a new model is presented for topological relations between uncertain linear objects and fuzzy region, which could distinguish the type of topological relations through quantitative analysis method.

在时不确定线状目标和面状目标进行描述的基础上，对不确定线状目标与面状目标各组成部分之间的相交程度进行了定量表达，通过计算这些度量组成的空间向量与9-交集模型确定的空间关系向量之间的相关度，提出了一种不确定线状目标和面状目标之间拓扑关系的描述模型，通过定量的方法来对其空间拓扑关系进行判别。

For morphosis,young stage multifidus MRI charactered as full shape,evenness and regular outline,uniformity low signal,intramuscular spatia being revealed none or as single line,puncta form;however,old stage multifidus MRI charactered as atrophy shape,introcession outline,heterogeneity higher signal,intramuscularly spatial being revealed as multiple line-lamellar form or featheriness or grid form.

在形态结构方面，年轻组多裂肌表现为形态饱满、轮廓平整、均匀低信号、肌内间隙不显示或呈单个线状或点状显示；老年组多裂肌表现为形态萎缩、轮廓凹陷、信号不均匀性增高、肌内间隙呈多发线片状、羽毛状或网格状显示。

The investigation in surface lineal defect of rod are carried on by means of metallograph,grinding test as well as deformation test during roughing roll.

通过对试样进行金相分析，对铸坯表面修磨试验结果分析及对连铸坯在高线粗轧第1道和第2道轧制的受力和变形的分析，发现盘条表面的一种特殊的线状缺陷形成的原因是连铸坯存在边内裂和皮下气泡，粗轧机组(特别是第1和第2架)孔型设计不合理，也促进这种线状缺陷的形成。

To anatomy the supracrustal composition and structure of orogenic belt with the regional linear structures and their partitioned block and schistous geological masses as the macro-frame(in corresponding to structure units and structure segments) and with the rock masses, structure-rock assemblages, line-featured and belt-featured structures as well as penetrative and non-penetrative foliation (primary stratum and transposition layering) and folds as the texture and structure elements is the main contents of remote sensing analysis.

遥感解析以区域线状构造及由它划分的块状、片状地质体为宏观骨架（对应于构造解析划分的构造单元、构造均匀区段），以地质体中的岩体、构造岩石组合，线状、带状构造，透入性、非透入性面状和褶皱等构造作为解析的结构构造要素，以造山带表壳组成和结构构造解析研究为主要内容。

For example, in the process of drafting have given a clear map elements, are the properties of the overprint, conprehension of wirelike or areal symbols, or the line and the region of Kaitsu and trapping; whether it is selected, how they trap; business card printing and membership card making use of four color, spot color, or they are on the net, how to use will not be a problem; even need a computer screen is displayed on the color line, and font and its size can be made deliveries to the printing plate.

比如：制图历程洋给差每一舆图给素给定分明的属性，是否选叠印、是纯真的线状还是背状标记、或者是线和背域皆而有之；是否选陷印、陷印的办法如何；制卡和会员卡制息是拔取四色、专色还是它们的浅网色，怎么搁置才不会不入题纲；甚至需给存眷计算机屏幕上表示的线划、撤色和字体及其巨细可否制得不入印版。

Moreover, its microstructural characters possess several configurations under TEM, which are (1) ferrite laths with obvious interface,(2) ferrite laths without obvious interface, but the interface can be discerned faintly from the linear arrangment of those directional islands,(3) the coexistence of ferrite laths and non--equiaxed grains. These are somewhat different from those of weld structures, which are generally thought to consist of an assemblage of interwoven ferrite laths.

管线用针状铁素体钢热轧板材中有明显界面的板条束或针状片条束；没有明显界面的板条束或针状片条束，可根据条状物或岛状物的有方向性的线状分布依稀辨别界面的存在；板条或针状片条与非等轴晶共存等多种不同形态，并不象焊接组织那样通常是单一的针状片条束或板条束形态。

Result:①out of 25 patients,17 exhibited myeloma-related bone lesions on radionuclide imaging,the positive rate was 68.0%,ribs and spine were involved most frequently,162 lesions showed high uptake of radionuclide,the lesions lied in ribs appeared as strings of pearls,and those in sternums and vertebrae showed linear high uptake,the other 4 showed decreased radionuclide uptake.②the positive rate on radiography was 68.0%(17/25),which was the same as that on radionuclide imaging,the patterns were osteoporosis,pathological fracture,osteolysis or two or two and above of these appearances, radiography detected more abnormalities than radionuclide imaging in identical sites(162 versus 144),but radionuclide imaging detected more lesions than radiography in ribs and sternums.

结果：①25例患者中，骨显像异常17例，阳性率68.0%，肋骨、脊柱最常受累，162处病灶表现为异常放射性聚集，其中，肋骨病灶呈串珠样，胸骨及椎体病变呈扁平状或线状，4处表现为异常放射性减低；②x线片阳性率68.0%（17/25例），与骨显像相同，主要表现为骨质疏松、病理性骨折、骨破坏或呈混合性改变，共同检测的部位中，x线片检出的病灶总数较骨显像多（162和144），但骨显像检出肋骨和胸骨病灶较x线片多。

The positive rate on radiography was 68.0%(17/25),which was the same as that on radionuclide imaging,the patterns were osteoporosis,pathological fracture,osteolysis or two or two and above of these appearances, radiography detected more abnormalities than radionuclide imaging in identical sites(162 versus 144),but radionuclide imaging detected more lesions than radiography in ribs and sternums.

结果：①25例患者中，骨显像异常17例，阳性率68.0%，肋骨、脊柱最常受累，162处病灶表现为异常放射性聚集，其中，肋骨病灶呈串珠样，胸骨及椎体病变呈扁平状或线状，4处表现为异常放射性减低；②X线片阳性率68.0%（17/25例），与骨显像相同，主要表现为骨质疏松、病理性骨折、骨破坏或呈混合性改变，共同检测的部位中，X线片检出的病灶总数较骨显像多（162和144），但骨显像检出肋骨和胸骨病灶较X线片多。

It is suggested that this defect is originated from the internal crack and the subcutaneous bubble s of billet,as well as unreasonable pass design of roughing mill.

通过对试样进行金相分析，对铸坯表面修磨试验结果分析及对连铸坯在高线粗轧第1道和第2道轧制的受力和变形的分析，发现盘条表面的一种特殊的线状缺陷形成的原因是连铸坯存在边内裂和皮下气泡，粗轧机组(特别是第1和第2架)孔型设计不合理，也促进这种线状缺陷的形成。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。