线性开关

Tangent linear and adjoint method of "on-off " switches are studied in this paper.

本文研究了四维变分资料同化中有关"开关"变量的切向线性化和伴随问题。

That is by introducing the switch function, the linear dynamical part is separated by a simple algebraic operation, then a new linear model can be achieved.

即通过引入开关函数，将线性动态部分分离处理，辨识得到新的线性模型。

Based on the finger's kinematics and dynamics, joint position tracking and fingertip position tracking in Cartesian space are realized respectively by tracking linear actuator position.

使用直线式电位计检测驱动器的直线位置，基于线性霍尔传感器测量电机的位置和速度，基于光电开关实现极限位置的检测和保护。

Was established in January 1994, is the production, development of frequency / switch power transformers, matching transformer, IC card sensor coils, communications equipment receiver coil, Choke / depositors can, to linear inductance and Air Core coil, EMC filter frequency energy-saving system and the professional manufacturers.

金竹电子有限公司成立于一九九四年一月，是生产、开发工频/开关电源变压器、匹配变压器、IC卡传感器线圈、通讯设备接收线圈、扼流/存能、行线性电感、空芯线圈，EMC滤波器及变频节电系统的专业厂家。

Two-Transistor Flyback Converter can reduce greatly the switching stress of the power switch and does not need to degausser, suitable for high input voltage Switching Power Supply.

经半个多世纪的发展，开关电源因其具有体积小、重量轻、效率高、发热量低、性能稳定等优点，已经逐渐取代了传统的线性稳压电源。

For the dynamic system of discrete coupled and nonlinear three phase voltage source PWM rectifier, the cycle switch average operator is introduced to transform the discrete system into continuous and the small signal perturbation method is used to transform the nonlinear system into linear, the small signal dynamic mathematical models are set up.

中文摘要：针对三相电压型PWM整流器这个离散的、耦合的、非线性的动态系统，引入开关周期平均算子将离散的系统变换为连续的系统，应用小信号扰动法将非线性的系统化解为线性的系统，进而分析系统的小信号动态数学模型。

For the dynamic system of discrete coupled and nonlinear three phase voltage source PWM rectifier, the cycle switch average operator is introduced to transform the discrete system into continuous andthe small signal perturbation method is used to transform the nonlinear system into linear, the small signal dynamic mathematical models are set up.

中文摘要：针对三相电压型PWM整流器这个离散的、耦合的、非线性的动态系统，引入开关周期平均算子将离散的系统变换为连续的系统，应用小信号扰动法将非线性的系统化解为线性的系统，进而分析系统的小信号动态数学模型。

That great advantage the theory has over linear or nonlinear systems is that system state trajectory moving in the sliding or switching hypersurface have invariability, insensitivity or adaptivity in the presence of internal parameters or system model uncertainties and external perturbances.

这个理论对线性或非线性系统的最大优势是当面临内部参数或系统模型不确定及外部扰动时系统状态轨迹在滑动面或开关超平面上的运动有不变性、不灵敏性或自适应性。

The EMG LE stimulation patterns is then obtained by mapping EMG LE through the inverse isometric recruitment curve. EMG LE pattern can provide a systematic design and lead to smooth cycling movement when compared with the on-off and the ramp-like patterns used in previous work.

与开关式与斜坡渐进式之刺激式样比较，肌电线性封波刺激式样不只可以提供一种有系统的设计刺激式样的方式，而且可以使得踩车更为顺畅。

And the tangent linear operator of the forward model also exists, which is the same as the resolvent of the tangent linear model derived by the conventional method.

对连续"开关"，代价函数的梯度处处存在的，非线性方程的切线性算子也是存在的，并且与传统方法得到的切线性模型的解算子是一致的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。