线性优化

Optimal algorithm of combined nonlinear Hopfield network appears powerful validity in solving nonlinear planning, which includes nonlinear objective function, linear constrains and high-demension of decision-making variants, for its ability of nonlinear parallel computation. It is prominent among optimal algorithms because of its function of simply implement with electrocircuit hardware. Genetic algorithm is expressly suitable for optimal calculation regarding the planning of massive, highly nonlinear, inconsecutively differentiable and multiobjective function as well as objective function without analytical expression. However, it inclines to prematurity, as well as its limitation in ability of partial optimal search. Introducing the optimal algorithm of niche genetic simulated annealing to standard Genetic algorithm, can therefore improve the full-scale or partial search ability of Genetic algorithm effectively. It has a far-flung perspective in the field of systemic planning of water pollution control.

组合式非线性Hopfield网络优化算法所具有的非线性大规模并行计算能力在求解具有非线性目标函数、线性约束条件及高维决策变量的非线性规划问题方面显示出了强大的生命力，它易于电路硬件实现的功能更是在优化算法中独树一帜；遗传算法采用概率搜索技术，不受目标函数与约束条件的限制，特别适合大规模、高度非线性的不连续可微的多峰目标函数及无解析表达式的目标函数的规划问题的优化计算，但其存在容易早熟、局部寻优能力较差等缺点，本文在标准遗传算法中引入小生境技术及模拟退火算法有效地改善遗传算法的全局和局部搜索性能，提高了全局最优解的寻优质量，小生境遗传退火模拟优化算法在水污染控制系统规划中的应用前景极为广阔。

Because of the limitation of ADAMS itself, ADAMS can only optimize linear parameters, and the optimization results are linear too.

由于ADAMS软件自身的限制，只能对线性参数进行优化，所得的优化结果也为线性参数值，更为重要的是，单一激励下的优化结果并不适用于其他激励。

The question of searching characteristic points or straight lines on moving rigid body is decomposed into two relatively independent sub-questions. The first one is to evaluate the characteristic of points and straight lines on moving rigid body, whose mathematics model is a kind of special non-differential max-mini optimal problem with inequality constraints. By the method of Saddle-point Programming and maximum entropy, the problem can be transformed as a differential optimal problem with single objective. The second oner is to search approximative character points or straight lines on moving rigid body within design space, whose mathematic model is nonlinear and non-differential problem with multiple constraints.

本文将在运动刚体上寻找特征点或直线的优化问题分解为两个相对独立的子问题，一是对运动刚体上点或直线的特征性评定，其实质是平面曲线的圆度或直线度的评定问题，优化模型是以最大误差为最小作为优化目标的约束不可微的优化问题，本文采用鞍点规划和极大熵方法，将其转化为单目标可微优化模型；二是在设计空间内，寻找运动刚体上特征性评定指标最小的近似特征点或直线，其优化模型是非线性、多约束的不可微优化问题，本文提出用遗传算法和BFGS局部搜索法相结合来求解。

To develop the missile quasi-linear model, a state space model is established for missile dynamics, and function substitution method is used to describe the nonlinear dynamics of missile as linear combinations of functions of given time-varying parameters. With the minimizing variation range of model parameters over the whole design envelope as the optimum aim, linear programming optimum arithmetic is used to determine the model parameters at selected grid points.

为了建立导弹准线性化模型，将导弹动力学描述为状态空间形式；采用函数替换方法将导弹的非线性动力学描述为关于特定时变参数的函数的线性组合形式；以整个设计区间内模型参数变化范围最小为优化目标，采用线性规划优化算法确定了所选网格点上的模型参数。

Considering the fact that the self constraints of the design variables can be formulated as the linear functions in the present process optimization, the nonlinear part of the constraints is dealt by introducing the concept of active constraint set. The linear part is dealt by the gradient projection method specially.

同时考虑到现在的优化求解问题中，设计变量自身的约束可以合理地表示成线性函数的形式，因此对于优化问题的非线性约束部分，通过引入活动约束集的概念进行处理；而对于线性边界约束，则采用梯度投影法作专门处理。

The traditional query tree optimization methods,parallel database optimization methods based on left linear trees and right linear trees,bushy trees,and operation of the forest,have their own pros and cons,they have been more in-depth and maturity of the study.The query optimization method based on multiple weighted tree has studied its model of parallel query plan,its complexity model of parallel query plan and query optimization algorithms.The semantic query method transforms an inquiry into one or several semantic equivalence inquiries then has to find and implement a strategy to achieve a better query.Agent-based parallel database query optimization using Multi-Agent technology to automatically search the integrity constraint conditions which are related to the determined query,there for,the efficiency between several relations' joins has been greatly improved.The parallel optimization algorithm,based on genetic algorithm which is suitable for multi-joins of cluster environment,has deeply studied the relations storage options,multi-joins query optimization and query processing and other key technologies based on cluster parallel database.

传统的查询树优化方法，即基于左线性树、右线性树、浓密树、操作森林的并行数据库查询优化方法，各有优劣，对其的研究比较深入、成熟；基于多重加权树的查询优化方法，研究了其并行查询计划模型、并行查询计划的复杂性模型和查询优化算法；语义查询优化方法将一个查询变换成一个或数个语义等价的查询，进而寻找并执行这些等价查询中具有较好实现策略的一个；基于Agent的并行数据库查询优化采用Multi-Agent技术自动查找与给定查询有关的完整性约束条件，使得多个关系间连接操作的效率得到很大的提高；基于遗传算法的并行优化算法，深入研究了基于机群并行数据库中关系存储的选择、多连接查询优化和查询处理等关键技术。

The existence theorem of generalized weak efficient solutions with respect to variable, cone for a linear G〓teaux differentiable mapping is proved with set valued mapping fixed-point theorem and the relation between a vector optimization and a variational inequality problem. The existence of weak efficient solutions for multi-objective convex vector optimization is characterized.

建立映射在线性G〓teaux可微条件下关于可变锥的广义弱有效解的存在性及多目标凸向量优化问题在G〓teaux可微条件下弱有效解的特征，利用集值映射不动点定理及向量优化与变分不等式的关系证明线性G〓teaux可微锥凸映射关于可变锥的广义弱有效解的存在性定理。

The factors relevant to the running buffer and their effects on separation were investigated. The buffer solution composed of 30 mmol/L sodium borate and 2.4 mmol/L β-CD was found to be the most suitable electrolyte for separation. The second order dissociation constant range of honokiol was estimated. The content range of honokiol in Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis and was 3.42-5.98 mg/g, while the mean content of honokiol in its preparation 0.021 mg/mL.

优化了厚朴提取物的分离条件，考察了缓冲溶液浓度、pH 值、β-CD的添加浓度对分离的影响，确定了最佳的分离缓冲溶液组成为30 mmol/L 硼砂和2.4 mmol/L β-CD，pH 值为9.48；推测出和厚朴酚的二级离解常数pKa2 的范围为9.94-10.83；在优化的分离条件下，测定了厚朴药材和藿香正气口服液中和厚朴酚的含量分别为3.42-5.98 mg/g、0.021 mg/mL，和厚朴酚的线性范围是0.020-0.405 mg/mL，其线性相关系数R=0.998(n=5)，加样回收率为98.4-103.5%，RSD 为3.2-5.7%(n=3)。

It includes two aspects in content: one is the best choice for plane disposal of pipeline, and its methods follows as decision-making plot, simple trapeziform and optimizing trunkform etc; the other one is optimizing pipe parameter when the plane disposal of pipeline has been fixed, and the methods of which are linear programming, unlinear programming, dynamic optimizing, direct optimizing, hereditary arithmetic and so on.

污水管网优化设计包括两个方面的内容：一是管线平面布置的优化选择；其方法有：决策图法，简约梯度法，优化树法等。二是在管线平面布置已定情况下进行管道参数的优化；其方法有：线性规划法，非线性规划法，动态优化法，遗传算法，直接优化法等。

The pilgrim's Ibiza is not such much a space for the new social foundations as a place where it is possible to experience rationality, a linear optimization of the functions and morals of the middle working class, as the same time as the erotics of desire, erratic drifting and daily recreational experimentation.

朝圣者的伊比沙岛是没有这样多为这个地方是有可能的新经验，理性的社会基础空间，职能和工人阶级中的道德线性优化，作为欲望，不稳定的情爱，同时漂流和日常娱乐实验。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。