纵向的

Three classes of equivalent system methods which are used in finding high order flight control systems low order equivalent are studied. The first class methods are the classical frequency domain-based equivalent system methods which recommended by MIL-F-8785C and MIL-STD-1797A. Five longitudinal low order equivalent systems and fourteen lateral ones are discussed in detail and some pieces of advice are given. Also conduct an investigation in the time domain-based equivalent system methods .

研究了求取高增稳飞机的低阶等效系统的几种方法：研究了经典的频域等效系统方法，针对纵向5种、横向14种构型的低阶等效系统进行了拟配实践，并提出一些有益的看法；以频域等效系统方法为基础，提出了时域等效系统新方法；以最小二乘辨识为基础，提出了两种纵向短周期低阶等效系统时域辨识方法(等效延迟时间τ_q参与或不参与)。

With the height increasing, it grew gradually creepily and then horizontally. For the genet, it grew faster at the horizontal level than at the vertical spread. This resulted in morphology change of the genet and more movement. Therefore, it could occupy more space and nutritional resource.

再生分蘖开始表现为纵向生长，随着株高的增加，逐渐匍匐转为横向生长，基株横向扩展高于纵向扩展的速度，致使基株的形态发生变化，增加了基株的移动性、使其能获取更多的空间和资源。

The experimental study on energy dissipation for Yuanmanguan Power Station was carried out by the hydraulic model test, put forward a new energy dissipator style and its designing method on five crest spillway flood for arch dam.

利用水工水力学模型试验研究方法对圆满贯工程泄洪消能问题进行研究分析同时，为百米级拱坝在五表孔布置方面，提供了一种全新的泄洪消能工体型与设计思路，即采用宽尾墩窄缝纵向水舌与连续鼻坎横向扩散的布置形式，可以使水舌在纵向与横向实现全范围的扩散，消能率提高，适应不同运行方式需要的同时，缩短了RCC拱坝施工工期，节约了工程总投资。

When the flexible drawgear is used, the peak values both of the dynamics longitudinal force and of its instantaneous PSD have decreased largely, and the distribution status of the instantaneous PSD along both the time axles and the frequency axles have been improved. So the working stability of the tractor-trailer combinations braking process would been improved when the optimized flexible drawgear was used.

仿真分析和试验结果均表明，使用柔性牵引装置后，牵引架动态纵向力峰值及其瞬时功率谱的峰值有了大幅度的降低，动态纵向力瞬时功率谱密度沿时间轴和频率轴的能量分布得到了改善，这说明使用柔性牵引装置后有利于提高挂接车辆制动工况的工作稳定性。

In the first part, first, the operational principle of Varivec Propeller is explained. Secondly, the mathematical model for predicting longitudinal and transverse movement hydrodynamic characteristics of Varivec Propeller under steady or unsteady condition are present, based on the general propeller lifting-surface theory, potential flow theory and Green theorem. Thirdly, theoretical calculation methods for predicting hydrodynamic characteristics when the influence of paraboloidal boss on the performance of Varivec Propeller is or isn't considered are present, based on The finite basic solution method, the unsteady vortex lattice method and Hess-Smith method Different rake angle is adopted according to different desire in practical application.

在理论计算部分，本文首先给出了全方向推进器的工作原理，然后基于常规螺旋桨升力面理论、势流理论和格林定理建立了定常和非定常状态下全方向推进器纵向、横向运动的水动力性能计算的数学模型，并利用有限基本解法、非定常涡格法和Hess-smith方法分别对考虑和不考虑桨毂影响时的全方向推进器纵向、横向运动水动力性能进行了数值预报。

In this dissertation, the propagation of axial symmetric longitudinal wave mode under the complicated stress environment is investigated.

由于轴对称纵向模式的导波的激发和接收比较容易，且它的各种特性与板中Lamb波很类似，因此轴对称纵向模式成为了工程中利用导波进行无损检测时采用最多的一种模式，所以本文对该种模式在复杂应力环境下管壁中传播特性进行了深入的研究。

After a description of the basic principle of vertical ultrasonic guided wave, this paper has made an analysis on the variation of the displacement offset of vertical mode variant with frequency; it has also presented an approach by which a pectinate symmetrical transducer be used to effectively detect pipeline flaws.

在纵向超声导波基本原理的基础上，分析了两种纵向模式位移分量随频率的变化而变化的情况，给出了一种梳状对称换能器对管道缺陷的有效检测。

The aerodynamic characteristics of the cuted tip rhombus wing and double-delta wing of middling sweepback angle and aspect ratio about sixty type are investigated by a numerical method based on Eular equations.

采用Euler数值计算方法，对60多种中等后掠角及展弦比的切尖菱形机翼、双三角机翼纵向气动力特性进行了计算、分析和比较，从中筛选出16种切尖菱形机翼、14种双三角机翼进行了全机高速风洞实验研究，给出了机翼的展弦比、前缘后掠角、根梢比及几何扭转变化对全机升力、阻力及俯仰力矩的影响曲线和数据分析，在此基础上提出了用于定量估算两类机翼纵向气动力特性的关系式及修正因子。

The ratio of the vertical load distributed between the arch rib and the tie beam of the two schemes is the same. For the integral girder deck scheme, the longitudinal beams and the deck slab of endure more axial force compared to the ballast girder deck scheme, especially to the deck slab with a conspicuous increase of the axial force and higher stress, and the tie beam endure less. The force-bearing characteristics of the cross beams under the integral girder deck scheme is obviously better than that of the ballast girder deck scheme, especially at the two ends of each cross beam.

在受力上，与道碴板桥面方案相比，整体桥面方案竖向荷载在拱肋和系梁之间的分配基本相同，混凝土板和纵梁分担的纵向力则相对更大，尤其是混凝土板，增幅较明显，应力水平整体较高，系梁分担的纵向力则得到减小，横梁的受力状况整体桥面方案明显优于道碴板桥面方案，特别是在梁端处。

In an illustrative embodiment, the first mouth outer surfaces shape allows free slip of the first mouth parallel to the first mouth longitudinal axis, as well as rotation of the first mouth about both the first mouth longitudinal axis and a first mouth outer surface transverse axis.

在图解的实施例中，第一端口外表面的形状允许第一端口在平行于第一端口的纵向轴线上自由滑动，也允许第一端口绕第一端口的纵向轴线和第一端口的外表面横向轴线这两者旋转。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。