纵向

Based on literature review, the fundamental trend of foreign language teacher professional development theory seems easy to find out, and the hypotheses--"tool" and "subject" psychological orientations in teacher professional development have also been put forward. Guided by the theoretical hypotheses, we design a questionnaire about teachers' attitude toward their own professional development and distribute them to almost 300 foreign language teachers at middle schools in many provinces.

我们通过对相关文献的横向和纵向梳理，廓清了外语教师专业发展理论的基本走势，并且提出外语教师专业发展心理存在着两种倾向性——"工具性专业发展"和"主体性专业发展"假说。

Based on literature review, the fundamental trend of foreign language teacher professional developmenttheory seems easy to find out, and the hypotheses--"tool" and "subject" psychologicalorientations in teacher professional development have also been put forward. Guided by the theoretical hypotheses, we design a questionnaire about teachers attitude toward their own professional development and distribute them to almost 300 foreign language teachers at middle schools in many provinces.

我们通过对相关文献的横向和纵向梳理，廓清了外语教师专业发展理论的基本走势，并且提出外语教师专业发展心理存在着两种倾向性——"工具性专业发展"和"主体性专业发展"假说。

The classification of land registration system is the registration of deed and registration of title, which includes the Torrens system.

土地登记制度最通常的分类就是权利登记制和契约登记制，法律上讲，两者最基本的区别就是"契约登记制关注法律事实的登记，而权利登记制关注事实的法律后果的登记"；土地登记并非一个单纯的私法或公法行为，而是具有双重性质的，即土地登记兼具私法行为与公法行为的双重性质；土地登记制度不仅有平等主体的私权关系，而且有纵向的行政关系，其中贯穿着个人目标与国家目标的双重价值；土地登记的效力包括：决定权利变动、权利正确性推定、善意保护、监督管理和警示效力；一个完整统一的土地登记制度是富有效益的，包括个人效益、公共管理效益、社会效益和经济效益。

The introduction of torsion field can be included in a new meaning to the concept of physical vacuum . All kinds of fields (electromagnetic field, gravitational field and torsion field) can be regarded as the behaviors of physical vacuum under different polarized conditions. If one charged particle in vacuum spins to lead to the charge polarization of the vacuum , it takes the form of electric field ; if the move source is mass, by which the spin leads vacuum to the vertical polarization, it takes the form of gravitational field; If the spin is self-spinning to lead vacuum to the horizontal polarization, it takes the form of torsion field.

挠场的引入从最基本的层次上可以纳入对物理真空这一概念的新的理解上；各种场都可以看作为物理真空在不同极化条件下的表现；如果一个带电粒子存在于真空，作为一种挠动，使物理真空被电荷极化，就表现为电场；如果这种挠动源是质量，物理真空在质量的挠动下引起真空的自旋纵向极化，就表现为引力场；如果这种挠动是由于物体的自旋引起的，那么，真空被横向极化，就表现为挠场。

Major and professional collision produced borderline subject, the prospect that the fore-and-aft development of onefold major develops got more and more restricting, in show level, two major of the be totally unrelated or the innovation positive result that expect produced to be less than after many major are shirt-sleeve, such result abounded the border of the market and technology greatly.

专业和专业的碰撞产生了边缘科学，单一专业的纵向深入发展的前景受到了越来越多的制约，在现阶段，风马牛不相及的两个专业或多个专业融合以后产生了意想不到的创新成果，这样的结果大大地丰富了市场和技术的边界。

The strip cleaved the communion rail in two and then crossed the entire width of the church, finally reaching the corner of the north transept, where it arrived at the base of a most unexpected structure.

铜条横贯教堂，将纵向的走道截为两段，最终延伸至教堂北翼的角落。在那个角落，树立着一座碑，这让人颇感意外。

The study of financial income were laid emphasis on the foreign debt,customs duty and provincial transit duty.

学者们从纵向与横向两方面着笔，对晚清财政状况进行了宏观考察。

The results show that the beam halo and emittance growth have been well controlled with the matched design of the beam lines in both transversal and longitudinal directions.

研究结果表明，设计所采用的横向和纵向匹配手段，能够有效地控制束晕产生和束流发射度的增长。

An article such as a blade fabricated from a plurality of high-strength, reinforcing filaments embedded in a matrix material and characterized by a portion of the filaments oriented transverse to the blade longitudinal axis in a direction through the blade to enhance transverse shear strength.

一篇文章如刀片编造从一个多元化的高强度，加强丝嵌入在一个矩阵的物质和特点是部分的长丝面向横向到叶片纵向轴的方向，透过叶片，以加强横向抗剪强度。

The UV-visible spectra show two bands corresponding to the transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon absorption at 532 and 720 nm, respectively, for the colloidal GNFs.

可见紫外线光谱分析显示，胶状纳米金花的横向和纵向表面等离子体的吸收波段分别是532和720纳米。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。