纵向

Results showed: in Podocarpus leaves, there is only one midrib, the xylem tracheid of midrib vascular bundle is multi-form, transfusion tissue belongs to Cycas-type and transfusion tracheids are isodiametric, the accessory transfusion tracheids between palisade tissue and sponge tissue are developed; in Nageia leaves, there are plenty of parallel leaves, the xylem tracheids of each vein are relatively simple, transfusion tissue belongs to Taxus-type and transfusion tracheids are longer in longitudinal section than that in transverse section, the accessory transfusion tissue between palisade tissue and sponge tissue is absent.

结果表明：罗汉松属叶1条主脉，主脉维管束木质部管胞发达，转输组织为苏铁型，转输组织管胞等径，栅栏组织和海绵组织之间的副转输组织管胞发达；竹柏属叶多条平行叶脉，维管束木质部管胞相对不发达，转输组织为红豆杉型，转输组织管胞纵向伸长，栅栏组织和海绵组织之间不存在副转输组织。

Based on the rich historical soil and macrostructure of society, this thesis draws from the perspective of sociology on Lucien Goldmann's sociologictheory on novels-happenstantialistic structuralism, chooses structure as the key point of tangency with respect to the change of viewpoint following the sociologic imagination, andthus focuses on the interpretation of sociology on both the Chinese and Western novels by analyzing the social spirits and cultural spirits. From the standpoint of successive longitudinal happenstantialism and conexisting horizontal structuralism, the thesis also endeavors to understand and interpret the complicated relationship between novel structure and spiritual structure of sodiety from the external to the internal, thus systematically illustrates the deep relationship between novels and society.

论文将小说置于社会学视野内，立足深厚的历史土壤，依据宏观的社会构架，发挥社会学的想象力，借鉴吕西安·戈德曼"发生学结构主义"小说社会学理论，选择"结构"作为遵循社会学想象力进行视角转换的重要切入点，着重从社会精神和文化精神的层面对中西小说进行社会学的阐释；在历时纵向发生学和共时横向结构主义的视阈中，由此及彼，由表及里，"理解"和"解释"小说结构与社会精神结构间的复杂关系，进而系统地阐明小说与社会的深层关系。

Profiles is shown in looking from starboard to portside and transverse section is shown looking forward.

纵向剖视由右舷向左舷看，横向剖视由尾向首看。

This different iation of the products results into the vertical and horizontal entry barrier of potential entrant.

由于产品的差别化而导致潜在市场进入者横向和纵向的进入壁垒。

With the sample of longitudinal motion equation, calculating hydrodynamic coefficients by the potential fluid theory is introduced.

并以其纵向运动方程为例，详细介绍了用势流理论求解水动力系数的方法。

DESIGN: A 2-y longitudinal study to examine whether components of energy metabolism are predictors of body fat gain was conducted in 114 preadolescent African American and white children aged 9-11 y by measuring total daily energy expenditure on the basis of doubly labeled water, resting metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food, energy expended in physical actiity, and substrate oxidation after a meal.

设计：研究对象为114个青春期前的非裔美国小孩和白人小孩，年龄为9-11岁。通过用双标水法测定每日热能消耗总量、测定静息代谢率、食物的产热效应、体力活动能量消耗及餐后的底物氧化，进行一个2年的纵向调查，检测能量代谢的组成是否能够预测体内脂肪增加。

DESIGN: A 2-y longitudinal study to examine whether components of energy metabolism are predictors of body fat gain was conducted in 114 preadolescent African American and white children aged 9-11 y by measuring total daily energy expenditure on the basis of doubly labeled water, resting metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food, energy expended in physical activity, and substrate oxidation after a meal.

设计：研究对象为114个青春期前的非裔美国小孩和白人小孩，年龄为9-11岁。通过用双标水法测定每日热能消耗总量、测定静息代谢率、食物的产热效应、体力活动能量消耗及餐后的底物氧化，进行一个2年的纵向调查，检测能量代谢的组成是否能够预测体内脂肪增加。

Thirdly, in the means of course implementation, what should be dealt with well are relations between prearrangement and opening as well as imitation and innovation of aestheticism in teaching practice.

一是对体验性目标的逐层分解和操作性表述，二是将学科知识的横向整合和纵向序列相结合，三是处理好审美化教学实践的模仿与创新、预设与开放的关系。

By integrating the backmixing theory of Reaction Engineering with predictive model of river pollution in Environmental Quality Assessment study, the predictively longitudinal dispersion model of river quality was got and analyzed.

摘要将反应工程学的返混理论与环境质量评价学的河水污染预测模型结合，得出了河流水质预测纵向扩散模型，并给出了解析解。

On one hand, aims at eliminating the wrong ideas on the origin of china crime prevention, wanting to point out that the ideas on crime prevention has long been existing, even the sprout of it can be dated back to as early as yao and shun periods in the primitive society . On the other hand, trying to find out its process of emerging and developing vertically, in order to expound its basic features and broad containing, and then, in a further sense, pointing out that the sprout and development of them has great effect on the late period, in addition to that society eventually. Theres much in their ideas that we can make use of today.

一方面，意在消除长期以来法史学界对中国古代预防犯罪思想起源的误解，指出早在距今约4000多年前原始社会末期的唐尧虞舜时代，就已经有关于预防犯罪的思想萌芽存在；另一方面，力求纵向探索先秦预防犯罪思想的发生、发展与嬗变历程，阐述其基本特色，揭示其丰厚内涵，并进一步指出萌生与发展于先秦时期的预防犯罪思想，不仅对整个先秦社会产生了重大影响，对后世所产生的影响也极其深远，值得我们今天加以分析批判和借鉴。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。