约束的

In the fourth chapter, we discussion the characterization of admissible in the general linear model under equality constraint and inequality constraint, we give the necessary and sufficient condition that homogeneous linear estimator is admissible estimator, and by using the relationship between homogeneous and inhomogeneous linear estimator, we obtain the characterization of admissible inhomogeneous linear estimator.

第四章分别在带等式约束条件以及不等式约束条件下，讨论了一般线性模型线性估计的可容许性特征，给出了在约束条件下齐次线性估计为可容许估计的充分必要条件，同时利用齐次线性估计与非齐次线性估计之间的关系，把齐次线性估计的可容许性特征推广到了非齐次线性估计的可容许性特征。

In chapter 2 we propose a linear equality constraint optimization question , the new algorithm is combined with the new conjugate gradient method(HS-DY conjugate gradient method)and Rosen"s gradient projection method , and has proven it"s convergence under the Wolfe line search.In chapter 3 we have combined a descent algorithm of constraint question with Rosen"s gradient projection, and proposed a linear equality constraint optimization question"s new algorithm, and proposed a combining algorithm about this algorithm, then we have proven their convergence under the Wolfe line search, and has performed the numerical experimentation.

在第三章中我们将无约束问题的一类下降算法与Rosen投影梯度法相结合，将其推广到线性等式约束最优化问题，提出了线性等式约束最优化问题的一类投影下降算法，并提出了基于这类算法的混合算法，在Wolfe线搜索下证明了这两类算法的收敛性，并通过数值试验验证了算法的有效性。

Fifth, Applying the main idea of the improved center weighted median filter to the design of the optimal stack filter based on omnidirectional structural elements constrains, the dissertation raises a kind of improved filter algorithm for de-noising of pulse noise. The theory analysis and the simulation experiment of the image processing shows that this kind of filter can not only remove noise effectively but also keep detail of the image sufficiently.

根据最优全方位结构元约束层叠滤波器中常规中值滤波带来的图像高频细节信息的丧失，引入改进的中心加权中值滤波器，从而提出改进的最优全方位结构元约束层叠滤波新方案，实验和理论证明，它相对于最优全方位结构元约束层叠滤波方案，在滤除噪声的同时更有效保持了图像的高频细节信息。

The underlying reasons include: the government"s role in establishing a hospitable environment for the managers remains to be improved; the supervision on both capital market and managers" market is far from satisfied; the official standard of managers selection; lack of the manager-specific incentive and restraint mechanism; the vacancy of the restraint system by corporation owners and the ill-founded corporate governance structure, and so on.

究其原因有：国家关于企业经营者管理的大环境还有待于改善、资本市场和经理人市场的监督约束机制不完善、企业社会政策目标和效率目标的双重存在、企业经营者选拔任用标准"行政化"、企业经营者离岗后缺乏社会保障和制度化报酬、缺少针对企业经营者的有别于党政干部的激励与约束机制、所有者约束机制缺位，没有形成规范的公司治理结构。

The whole state space is divided into invariant subspace, safe subspace, dangerous subspace and dead subspace according to the constraints and the safe margin of the system, and the state reference trajectory is chosen with respect to the subspace in which the state prediction lies in, in this way GPC is applied under the prerequisite for the viability of the system.

研究了系统在线性不等式约束条件下的预测控制问题，将广义预测控制算法化为对控制量的一步优化，根据约束条件和输出预测在线修改控制量的加权系数，提出了一种变加权系数的改进算法，使系统始终满足给定的约束条件。

The constraints with different linearity in this model are dealt with by an approach that combines successive linearization with piecewise linearization, and in the solving process the security and stability constraints of transmission lines are directly considered to avoid the low-efficiency of both model and solution due to the passive calibration and modifying working constraints in Newton method.

对模型中线性度不同的约束，采用逐次线性化和逐段线性化相结合的方法处理。在求解过程中直接考虑线路安全稳定约束，避免了牛顿法被动校验和变更约束带来的模型和求解的低效性。

This paper presents a new method of sparse matrix decompose which is based on the concept of matched degree, this method can make the process much simple and can be used in the decomposition of the construct matrix with multiple-freedom variables and constraints.

本文提出了基于匹配度计算的约束分解方法，采用这种方法，可以使约束分解的过程变得很简单，并可用于多自由度和多约束度变量的结构矩阵的分解。

A simple artificial immune network algorithm, suitable for clustering problems with a small quantity of samples, is obtained by using the idiotype immune network. Further, a fuzzy immune network classification algorithm applied to sample classification learning is proposed by uniting the algorithm and fuzzy logical rules.

其次，利用抗原群及抗体群的作用关系，结合免疫记忆细胞的记忆功能，并借助于克隆选择原理、免疫网络的调节机制及约束条件处理方法，设计约束多目标优化免疫算法处理约束多目标优化问题，收敛性论证、性能测试、比较及实际应用表明此算法是有效的。

As a result, this seriously obstructs economic development step of our country. Therefore, starting from system and no-system, the paper sets up incentive and constraint mechanism according to the combination of material incentive and spirit incentive, long-term benefits and short-term benefits, system together with organize constraint and constraint by himself/herself, in order to solve the problem of agency and individual objective of manager deviating enterprise objective.

因此本文从制度和非制度建设出发，按照物质激励与精神激励相结合，长期利益和短期利益相结合，制度和组织约束与自我约束相结合，构建了对经营者的激励与约束机制，以期解决企业中存在的代理人问题和经营者的个人目标与企业目标相脱离的问题。

The third section establishes zero-coupon bond yield curve based on restraint conditions. The contents refer to data collecting and data handling, model establishing under restraint conditions and empirical analysis.

本章的第三节是在约束条件下构造中国的零息票债券收益率曲线，内容涉及到约束条件下的数据采集及处理、约束条件下的模型构造及实证分析两个方面。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。