约束的

Moreover, bilateralism permits states to be internationally "morally uncommitted不受约束的,未作保证的,未表态的,中立的," even if they are not so domestically.

此外，双边主义允许在国际范围内"国家的道德不受约束"，即使它们的国内情况并非如此。

The studyshows that Chetaev's model for mechanicalsystems with non-holonomic con-straints can be reduced to three essential factors:(1)a kind of direct sum ofjet bundles according to the constraints,(2)D′Alembert's principle,(3)pos-tulate of ideal constraints.The first among the three factors only has geomet-ric significance and the second is a fundamental physics principle independentof any constraints.

研究表明，非完整约束力学系统的Chetaev模型归结为三个要素：(1)射丛按约束的直和分解；(2)D′Alembert原理；(3)理想约束条件，其中(1)仅具有几何意义，(2)为与约束无关的基本物理原理，而(3)是对约束力学系统的限制条件。

The forward kinematics is analyzed by choosing one of the mechanisms which have one, two,three or zero angle constraint.Wherein,3-CCC is a new parallel mechanism which has three angle constraints and three distance constraints, Calay\'s formular and direction cosine matrix are used to describe the rotation matrix respectively.By setting Dixon\'s and Sylvester\'s resultant with the three angle constraint equations respectively and using parameters replacement to deal with the distance constraint equations,the 64 order input-output equation of the forward kinematics is obtained under both of the methods.Numerical example confirms these theretical results and the motion simulation is shown in VC++ by integrating OpenGL.

3对高小山提出的广义并联机构进行了研究，以其中具有角度约束的并联机构进行了分析，选取具有一个、两个、三个和零个角度约束类型中各一个机构进行了运动学正解求解，其中3-CCC是一种全部由圆柱副构成的具有三个线线角度和三个距离约束的新型并联机构，文中分别用Calay公式和方向余弦两种旋转矩阵建模方法对其位置正解进行了分析，通过对三个角度约束方程分别构造Dixon结式和Sylvester结式，以及对三个距离约束方程进行变量代换分别导出了位置正解输入输(来源：4040ABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)出方程，得出64组位置正解，并使用数值算例验证了其全部根。

In order to reasonably depict four basic problems with friction, one Coulomb friction new form in first Kirchhoff stress is proposed to deal with finite deformation problems, other Coulomb friction form in incremental mode to elastoplastic flow theory; Hilbert function spaces concerning elastoplastical problems with friction are established, so it makes all operations and calculations in the treatise standardized within the scope of reasonably topologic structure; In view of functional extremum, the equivalence between generalized variational inequalities principles in elastoplasticity with friction and corresponding basic problems are testified by inducing Lagrangian multipliers, so it provides a rationally theoretical basis for numerical methods in elastoplasticity with friction; From the viewpoint of variational inequality, the theory of generalized variational inequalities in elasticity and elastoplasticity with frictional constraint is studied, and the uniqueness and existence of the solution of FEM is proofed under the proposed conditions of stress compatibility, and them FEM approximation and a discrete solution are discussed; Based on the principles of generalized variational inequalities in elastoplasticity with friction, direct generalized variational inequalities methods is pretended, which is a natural generalization and development of direct variational methods; Using generalized variational inequalities methods, some examples in metal forming including plane deformation, upset and extrusion are analyzed and the results prove that all the theories and methods in the paper are right, feasible, accurate and advanced.

主要内容有：为了合理地描述金属塑性成形中摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性基本问题，提出和研究了有限变形下以Kirchhoff第一应力表示的Coulomb摩擦定律形式和弹塑性流动理论下以增量形式表示的Coulomb摩擦定律表示形式；系统建立了摩擦约束弹塑性问题的Hilbert函数空间，使本文规范在一个具有合理的代数拓扑结构内进行一切操作和运算；利用Lagrange乘子，从泛函极值的角度系统地阐述和论证了一系列摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性广义变分不等原理与相应的实际问题之间的等价性，它为处理摩擦约束的弹塑性力学数值方法提供了合理的理论基础；从变分不等式的角度出发，阐述了对应于摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性问题的广义变分不等式理论，首次提出了在应力相容性条件下，它的有限元解具有存在唯一性，进而讨论了其有限元近似及离散解法；基于摩擦约束弹塑性广义变分不等式原理，首次提出了直接广义变分不等式方法，这一方法是直接变分法的合理推广和发展；利用直接广义变分不等式方法对金属压力加工中的平面变形问题、镦粗、挤压等塑性成形问题进行了分析计算，验证了该理论和数值算法的正确性、实用性、精确性和优越性。

By redefining multiplier associated with inequality constraint as a positive definite function of the originally-defined multiplier, it is no longer necessary to convert inequality constraints into equality constraints by slack variables in order to reuse the method dedicated to equality constraints for constructing Lagrange neural networks.

若重新定义与不等式约束相关的乘子为正定函数，则在构造Lagrange神经网络时，可直接使用处理等式约束的方法处理不等式约束，不需再用松驰变量将不等式约束转换为等式约束，减小了网络实现的复杂程度。

Part five discusses 3D model parametric representation, which includes 3D geometry parametrization and relative position relationship parametrization. In the former, the sweeping rules are further formalized, the concept of design parameters and modeling parameters is introduced. In the later, constraint transformation matrices of the position relationships between features are deduced, and the lost of model freedom resulted from the correspending constraint is analysed.

在特征几何参数化中，进一步规范化了特征几何的扫描生成规则，引入了设计参数和造型参数的概念，分析了造型参数向设计参数适时转化的必要性；在相对定位约束参数化中，推导了特征间一般位置约束关系的约束变换矩阵，拓宽了约束表示范围，并对约束的自由度亏损情况进行了分析。

ABSTRACT: This article studies on the questions that there are non-symmetry and lack of restrict in drive and restraint of the state-owned mine enterprise operator, and it proposes the drive measures and restraint measures (ownership restraint, internal government structure restraint, market restraint, law and system restraint, operator ' s self- restraint and outside supervision restrain) to improve drive and restraint of the state-owned mine enterprise operator.

本文重点探讨了国有矿山企业经营者激励与约束存在的激励约束的不对称及激励约束的双重弱化等问题，并通过对问题产生的原因进行分析，提出了进一步完善国有矿山企业经营者激励与约束机制的激励措施和约束措施（所有权约束，内部治理结构约束，市场约束，法律及制度约束，经营者的自我约束及外部监督约束）。

Firstly, this paper discussed the principle and agent theory, the corporate governance theory and supervision theory. Second, the paper analyzed special several-levels principle-agent relations of the state-owned enterprise, and used the principle -agent theory and the game theory to analyze several problems caused by this, such as the supervision function avianization about the owner, the enterpriser"s rent-seeking activity, the enterpriser"s conspiracy behavior and the insider control. Thirdly, the paper discussed the present situation of the supervision and restraint system from the management model of the three-levels authorization, financial general supervision system, the corporate governance and the outsider supervision and restraint system. The paper thought that the supervision and restraint system had the following problems: supervision and restraint system was imperfect, the property right restraint was lack, the restraint system was administrative and the supervision system was deformity.

本文首先讨论了经营者监督约束机制的委托代理理论、公司治理理论和监督理论：其次，深入分析了国有企业特殊的多级委托代理关系，并用博弈理论及委托代理理论分析了由此产生的各种问题，如所有者监督职能弱化、国有企业经营者的寻租行为、国企经营者合谋及内部人控制等；再次，本文从三级授权经营模式、财务总监制、公司治理结构及经营者外部监督约束等方面研究了我国经营者监督约束机制的现状，本文认为国有企业经营者的监督与约束存在以下问题：国有股份多级代理与监督约束弱化；国家股东对国企经营者缺乏产权约束，监督约束机制不完善；国有股份高度集中与监督约束的行政化；监督约束机制单一化与监督约束畸形化。

For example, manufacturing errors, especially errors of profile and position, assembly errors, nonplanar characteristics of dynamic parameters of components (such as the distribution of mass, inertia forces, etc.), deformation of components, external environments (such as the temperature, the field of the gravity), varying of the condition and so on, all that will disturb the planar constraints, and make it uncertain.

根据广义约束的观点，由于机械的工作受到各种内部和外部约束（包括几何约束、运动约束、动力约束及工作环境条件的约束等）的综合作用，实际上要保证这些约束精确的平面性是不可能的。

Izul 曾解释过,看到漏掉的编号请大家自行google) 5、Fixed Signs give learning; with the exception of Scorpio; Common Signs, manners and conversation, with the exception of Virgo, and Moveable Signs, riches; with the exception of Capricorn; Whence it appears that those are bad nativities that have all the Planets in Virgo, Scorpio or Capricorn.

固定星座赋予学识；变动星座赋予得体的举止和谈吐；本位星座赋予财富。如若一个人本命盘上所有行星落入处女、天蝎或摩羯，则其&命苦&也。（天蝎座乃是因为其热烈、残忍的性质；处女座则是因其功利主意和好吹毛求疵的心性；摩羯座则是因本身过于约束的性格而不会深入投资。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。