约束变量

One constraint on placing declarations is that variables are accessible from the point of their definition until the end of the enclosing block.

放置声明的一个约束是，变量只在从其定义处开始到该声明所在的作用域的结束处才可以访问。

To overcome the shortcomings of existing algorithms, the distributed parallel reactive power optimization algorithm based on sub-area division of the power systems is proposed according to the distributed and decentralized charac

针对目前无功电压优化算法存在的不足，根据电力系统分布、分散的特点，提出了基于电网分区的分布式并行无功优化算法，并对其进行了多目标、软约束的模糊化处理和离散控制变量的罚函数处理，利用直接非线性原—对偶内点法寻优求解。

To overcome the shortcomings of existing algorithms, the distributed parallel reactive power optimization algorithm based on sub-area division of the power systems is proposed according to the distributed and decentralized characteristics of the power system. Here, multi-objective function and soft constraints are modeled using fuzzy sets, and the multi-objective reactive power optimization problem is solved by the direct nonlinear primal-dual interior point algorithm.

针对目前无功电压优化算法存在的不足，根据电力系统分布、分散的特点，提出了基于电网分区的分布式并行无功优化算法，并对其进行了多目标、软约束的模糊化处理和离散控制变量的罚函数处理，利用直接非线性原—对偶内点法寻优求解。

With respect to syntax, the roles of tagmeme in the structure of word and sentence and Chomsky's Generative-Transformational Grammar are discussed. The spatial relation theory and existing research achievements are investigated. Having noticed the shortage of the capability of topological and metrical relation in the description of spatial information structure, the author proposes Combinational Qualitative Geometry based on the two invariables under ordinary transformations, distance ratio and direction difference, the CQG-based spatial relation system between topological and metrical constraint is thus constructed, on which several spatial relations such as parallel, perpendicularity, co-linearity, sequence and direct neighborhood are derived. Based on extended theory of spatial relation, the language anamorphosis is analyzed from the aspects of phonetics, semantics and syntax. The mere geometric and formalized spatial relation is then integrated with concrete geographic ontology to accommodate richer and indicative spatial configuration of spatial information in the different geographic context. Finally a syntax framework for spatial information is put forward.

在语法结构方面，首先阐述了法位和法素在语法结构词法和句法中的地位和作用，以及Chomsky生成转换语法的核心内容；详细介绍了地理信息系统空间关系理论及现有的研究成果；在分析现有的拓扑关系和量度关系对空间信息结构描述能力不足的基础上，提出了基于长度比和角度差两个不变量的组合定性几何，以此建立了介于拓扑及量度约束之间的组合定性关系体系，并以此为基础派生出平行、垂直、共线、次序、直接邻近等空间关系描述；本文基于扩展的空间关系理论，详细讨论了空间关系在语音、语法和语义三个方面的语言变体，将纯几何和纯形式化的空间关系与具体的地理本体结合起来，可以获得更为丰富的、更能反映空间关系在不同语言上下文中具体体现的组合关系；最后给出了一个空间信息的语法结构的基本框架。

The construction of traditional models for batch scheduling relies on the definition of time slots or time events.which lead to the result that many binary variables are involved in the models and it takes much time to solve the problems with the branch and bound method.

而传统的生产模型，由于太过于依赖计划时间的精确度和事件点，因此将大量的时间都花在了对整数变量和约束方程的求解问题上。

We present an algorithm to compute the canonical form, which preserves the variable independence of every generalized tuple and prove its correctness.

我们给出了计算规范表示的算法，它能保持约束元组的变量独立，并证明了它的正确性。

Second, On the basis of analysis of density distribution of sequence points on the chaotic orbit of one-dimension chaotic mapping, a mutative interval chaotic optimization algorithm is presented in search for the solution optimums of the non-linear constrained problems with multi-variables and multi-peak values. With the objective function probability measurement approaching a limit 1, the convergence of the algorithm on the global optimal solution is proofed by aid of Chebyshev inequality.

二、基于一维混沌映射混沌点集的概率测度分析，提出了一种适于解决多变量多峰值非线性约束问题的新的混沌优化算法——变区间混沌优化算法，并应用切比雪夫不等式论证了算法依概率收敛于全局最优解。

Erection parameters in the literature [9] nonlinear analysis method used to calculate some of the variables erection capacity limit, but no major erection of some other variables, such as the level of the top-Ligan excess of the limit load length the impact of, and the top model Ligan more displacement constraints, and the actual situation of access to a certain extent; literature [7] space will be just as Falsework framework erection of the main parameters of the critical load, and The literature [10] scaffold for the ultimate strength estimation method for calculating the results of the amendment.

在搭设参数方面，文献[9]采用非线性分析方法，计算了部分搭设变量下的极限承载力，但是没有分析另外一些主要搭设变量如立杆超出顶层水平杆长度对极限承载力的影响，而且计算模型的顶部立杆位移约束较多，和实际情况有一定的出入；文献[7]将模板支架视为空间刚框架，分析了主要搭设参数下的临界荷载，并采用文献[10]提出的用于外脚手架极限承载力的估算方法对计算结果进行了修正。

The pulverized systems optimized operation in power station is a multi-variable, non-linear and time-variant issue which is restricted by many conditions, such as combustion stability, mill safety and furnace slagging problem, in addition, the controlling parameters and restricted conditions are coupling each others.

电站制粉运行优化是一类多变量非线性时变系统，同时受到燃烧稳定性、磨的安全性、炉膛结焦等因素约束，且控制参数和约束条件之间相互耦合制约。

By defining a matrix function and introducing a free matrix U, the pole assignment constraint is relaxed, and the gradient σ2/U and σ2 σ2[V-1]/U are obtained. Thus robust design can be achieved by gradient method. Examples show that this method is very effective.

通过定义一矩阵函数并引入新的自由变量U，可放松极点配置的约束，并能系统的推导σ2/U及(σ2·σ2[V-1])/U，从而将鲁棒设计转化为无约束的梯度法寻优，实例说明，本文设计方法的效果很好。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。