约束优化

It is a general framework algorithm, which has fast convergence performance and is easy to implement. PSO can be conveniently applied to solve complicated nonlinear, noncontinuous, multi-dimensioned optimization problem with discrete variables and multiple restrictions.

它收敛速度快、计算简单、通用性强，能方便地被用于求解带离散变量的非线性、不连续、多约束、多变量的复杂优化问题中。

It is a problem with dimensions, stress as well as displacement constraints.

这是一个有尺寸、应力及位移约束的结构优化问题。

By means of the projection method,adding a small disturbing function to the objective function, the penalty method, andthe gradient method, this dissertation proposes several neural networks for solvingsaddle point problems and minimum radius of ball-coverings problems, and investi-gates the stability of the proposed networks by the LaSalle invariance principle andthe Lyapunov method, so as to design neural networks which avoid getting stuck inthe local minimum.

本文针对约束鞍点问题和球覆盖最小半径的计算问题，分别利用投影法、对目标函数加上很小"扰动函数"的逼近法、罚函数法和梯度法等建立神经网络模型进行求解，并基于LaSalle不变集原理和Lyapunov直接法等工具，对模型的动态特性进行研究，从而设计出避免陷入局部极小的优化计算神经网络模型。

Investment portfolio theory is financial assets, financial assets investment divisibility, mobility and features such as compatibility, so investment in financial assets, do not have to consider the scale of investment, the investment of time constraints, as well as the number of investment projects and other factors, as long as the taking into account the relevance of financial assets, risk, reward and their mutual relations, and on the basis of risk - reward the choice to invest in financial assets to achieve the optimal choice.

证券组合理论的投资对象是金融资产，金融资产投资具有可分割性、流动性和相容性等特点，因此在进行金融资产投资时，不必考虑投资的规模、投资的时间约束以及投资项目的多少等因素，只要考虑各金融资产的相关性、风险、报酬及其相互关系问题，并依据风险——报酬的选择，可实现金融资产投资的优化选择。

The dual problem was solved by using the kernel trick .

给出一个含有规则化项的原始权空间的约束最大优化问题，应用核技巧来解决其对偶问题。

Dynamic characteristic topology optimization for continuum structures with random parameters is investigated in this paper.

研究了具有随机参数的连续体结构在频率概率约束下的动力特性拓扑优化问题。

Considering the electrovalence, the curve of water consumption and the reliability of water supply, this paper respectively sets up the model based on the maximal flux and the model based on the expectation flux. It takes yearly expenditure converting value and yearly cistern converting value as target function and takes continuity equation, velocity of flow and compression resistance of cast iron pipeline as restrictions and sets up the PGA model on optimal design of water supply networks.

考虑到峰谷电价、用水量变化曲线及用水可靠性因素的影响，分别建立了以最高时流量设计管网的模型和以期望时流量设计管网的模型，以年费用折算值加上清水池年造价折算值为目标函数，以连续性方程、管中流速和铸铁管耐压值等为约束条件，进行并行遗传算法对给水管网优化设计的实现。

The stratified self-calibration based on modulus constraint is used to get 3D information from Euclidean space. And some optimization algorithms are used to reduce error impact.

采用基于模约束的摄像机分层自标定方法得到特征在欧式空间下的三维信息，并通过多种优化方法减少误差的影响。

The method can convert OPF problem into unconstrained extreme value problem using intellectual optimizing characteristics. The PSO algorithm is used in the searching, which has the parallel processing characteristic is easy to realize, and can enhance robustness and effectively improve the global convergence performance and calculation accuracy.

该方法利用智能优化理论将最优潮流问题转化成一个无约束极值问题，该算法具有并行处理特征，鲁棒性好，易于实现，能够有效的提高算法的全局收敛能力和计算精度。

The crucial point is to reformulate online optimization problem corresponding to nominal model with an appropriate additional robust and feasible constraint.

其关键在于为针对标称系统设计的在线优化问题附加适当的额外的鲁棒可行约束。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。