约束

In the term of mathematics,because equality constraintcondition can be considered as a special case of inequality constraint condition,Lagrange multipliers domain decomposition method is a special case of Lagrangemultiplier method of flexible multi-body system dynamics.

前者满足等式约束，后者满足不等式约束；从数学的角度上看，由于等式约束可以看作不等式约束的特例，因而Lagrange乘子区域分解法可以看作是多柔体系统动力学的Lagrange乘子法特例。

Under suitable assumptions, the relationship is established between the unconstrained minimization of the Hestenes-Powell augmented Lagrangian function on the space of problem variables and the solution of the original constrained problem, and a relationship is also presented between the unconstrained minimization of the Hestenes-Powell augmented Lagrangian function on the product space of problem variables and multipliers and the solution of the original constrained problem.

在适当的条件下，我们建立了Hestenes-Powell增广拉格朗日函数在原问题变量空间上的无约束极小与原约束问题的解之间的关系，并且也给出了Hestenes-Powell增广拉格朗日函数在原问题变量和乘子变量的积空间上的无约束极小与原约束问题的解之间的一个关系。

Constrained by the triangle constraint integrated with the conventional epipolar geometric constraint, the local continuity constraint is enforced by changing the constraint areas dynamically according to the local texture density. 3 The topographic structure extraction and analysis based on grid DEMs are investigated in this dissertation, the topographic structure extraction approach fills depressions by adopting vector processes combined with traditional neighborhood raster processes, assigns flow direction over flat by applying a neighbor-grouping scan method.

2提出了一种基于核线影像对和良好匹配点三角形局部连续性约束和顺序约束下的影像匹配方法，该方法利用已知良好匹配点在Delaunay TIN的约束下进行纹理自适应的匹配传播，同时利用新的匹配点对Delaunay TIN进行动态细化使得局部几何约束区域的大小自动适应影像纹理特征的变化，从而得到更加可靠的影像匹配结果。

To calculate the constraint propagation path, constraint matrix and constraint propagation matrix are formulated,then a new fast algorithm is presented to identify the constraint loop.

提出了几何约束矩阵和约束传播矩阵来表达和揭示约束传播的内在机制，并提出了一种闭环约束识别的新方法。

An artificial method of constrained coassembling process plan based on VRML model includes setting slide – rotary connection constraint; selecting artificial assembling body model; confirming constraint type of each component to its front or back end component in open or closed loop mechanism; calculating translation and rotary matrix of each component in moving course and its position parameter; generating time – order – path matrix and key frame as per time section; writing each key frame in reverse mode into interpolator of each component VRMC model; adding route in sequence between time and position sensors, position sensor and component form node for generating artificial picture.

本发明属于CAD协同产品设计技术领域，其特征在于：在网络环境下，设计者依托装在节点机上的三维VRML模型，以设计者与设计场景交互方式按照以下步骤实现有约束协同装配工艺规划：设定滑动转动联接约束；选定仿真装配体模型；确定开环或闭环机构中各零部件与它的前端和后端部件的约束类型；计算各零部件在运动过程中的平移和转动矩阵，再根据相应的约束计算运动过程中各零部件的位置参数；再据此生成零部件的时间-顺序-路径矩阵，按时间段形成关键帧；把各关键帧分别以逆序写入VRML各部件模型的插补器，依次在时间传感器和位置传感器之间、位置传感器和零部件造型节点间加入路由，生成仿真画面。

Considering the fact that the self constraints of the design variables can be formulated as the linear functions in the present process optimization, the nonlinear part of the constraints is dealt by introducing the concept of active constraint set. The linear part is dealt by the gradient projection method specially.

同时考虑到现在的优化求解问题中，设计变量自身的约束可以合理地表示成线性函数的形式，因此对于优化问题的非线性约束部分，通过引入活动约束集的概念进行处理；而对于线性边界约束，则采用梯度投影法作专门处理。

In order to convert this constraint to smooth ones in general form, an enhancing constraint transcription is adopted, thus the convergence of sequential quadratic programming method is guaranteed.

TCSC暂态10s运行约束可表示为过程不等式约束的形式，为将这一约束条件处理为具有标准形式的光滑约束函数，文中扩展了已有的变换技巧，从而保证了SQP法有较好的收敛性。

But the self-moving evolution is limited by the stipulation of social system,the reform target,the economy development stage and the industrial structure,which can be divided into the soft stipulation which can be made a breakthrough and the stiff stipulation that must be followed.

在转轨时期所有制结构演进受到社会制度、改革目标、经济发展阶段和产业结构等条件的约束。应该认识到，这些约束又可以分为可以突破的"软约束"和必须遵循的"硬约束"。

To solve the constraint multi-solution problem, the constraints are separated to two sets, the original constraint set and the additional constraint set.

针对几何约束求解的多解性问题，将约束分成两个集合：原约束集合和增加的额外约束集合。

So, with the principle of lowest general energy-consumption for completing observation task, we figure out a kind of greedy heuristic algorithm, testify its convergence, and give its searching supremum and time complexity.

该策略主要思想是结合投标方卫星以往完成观测任务的历史记录，对卫星进行筛选招标，以减轻网络负载和通信量；投标过程中，引入后移空余时间概念，从时间约束和能源约束两个方面来判断投标方卫星是否有"能力"来完成招标的观测任务，并给出相应时间约束和能源约束的检验算法，分析了算法的时间复杂度；评标过程中，基于集覆盖的概念，将任务分配问题转化为集覆盖问题。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。