约束

First, the model is set up based on the traditional method of defuzzifying. Then a fuzzy nonlinear pragramming inventory model with fuzzy constraints is established by considering the fuzzy demand as fuzzy constraints. According to the principle of maximal membership grade, the model is transformed into a deterministic nonlinear programming to find out the optimal solutions.

文章首先建立了基于传统逆模糊化方法的库存模型；然后，通过把模糊需求看成模糊约束条件，建立了一个带有模糊约束的模糊非线性规划模型，进而根据最大隶属原则，将模型转化为确定型非线性规划问题，寻求最优解。

Secondly, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering bulk demand. Chance constrained programming is used to transform the stochastic model. Numerical examples show our model and method is more near the simulation results than the deterministic programming and bigger learning coefficient leads to higher profit contribution.

接着，建立了考虑批量需求的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用机会约束规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明机会约束规划方法较确定性规划方法更好地反映了随机连续需求的分布和波动特征，其期望利润贡献与仿真结果更接近；学习效率越大，最优价格越低，接受订单数量越多，期望利润贡献越高。

We have obtained the following main significant results:(1) A master constraint operator for LQG is constructed, which is shown to be self-adjoint in the diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space. Thus it lays a foundation for the master contraint programme in LQG;(2) The Immirzi parameter ambiguity in LQG is fixed by introducing supersymmetry, which leads to the conclusion that in the case where matter fields are coupled LQG might prefer supersymmetry in low energy;(3) The current accelerating expansion of our universe is successfully explained in the context of 5-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory, which gives a natural strategy to solve the dark energy problem.

重要成果包括：(1)构造出圈量子引力的Master约束算符，并证明了其自伴性，从而为应用Master约束方法解决量子动力学的难题奠定了基础；(2)通过引入超对称合理地固定了Immirzi参数，得出了在与物质场耦合的低能情况下圈量子引力可能偏爱超对称的结论；(3)用五维Brans-Dicke理论成功地解释了当今宇宙的加速膨胀，从而给出了一个自然解决暗能量问题的方案。

Through the suitable selection of difference quotient and correction of the one-dimension inaccuracy linear searching,scope of the improved method is extended.

从应用角度出发，首先，将约束变尺度法改进为一般约束条件，通过适当选择差商形式和对一维不精确线性搜索方法的修正，扩大了该方法的适用范围。

Based on the flexible multibody dynamics model, that establish, a group of the algebra—differential hybrid equations which is made up of kinematics differential equation and spatial constraint algebra equations is listed by leading into the Lagrange multiplier to release the constraint of the system.

根据上述建立的多柔体动力学模型，通过引入Lagrange乘子释放系统的约束，列出了由系统的运动微分方程和空间约束代数方程组成的一组微分—代数混合方程组。

The solution can't already behalf the real movement of the constraint multibody system so the default of the constraint equation must be restrained; On the other hand is how to turn the differential — algebra hybrid equations into the pure differential equations effectively.

得到的解已经不能表示约束多体系统的真实运动，所以必须对约束方程的违约进行抑制；另一方面是怎样有效地将微分—代数混合方程组化为纯微分方程组，运用求解微分方程组的计算方法求解。

Based on the simple global noise source, take the noise which is cared by people into account. Get the sound pressure level after processing the noise sources sound pressure. Educe the allowable value of the upper limit, through linking to the sound pressure level which is permitted. Taking the value into the reliability modals established before, found the diplex integral mathematics modals that is restricted.

考虑约束因素的影响，引入人们所关心的噪声，以结构简单的球形声源为基础，在对声源声压做了相对处理后，得到其声压级，结合许用声压级指标，求得许用频率上限值，将该值代入已建立的防共振模糊可靠度模型，建立有约束防共振模糊可靠度计算的双重积分数学模型。

Addressing at a banquet hosted by the African Diplomatic Corps in China, Yang Jiechi says the continued co-operation between China and Africa was a binding one, and one that keeps China on a path of peaceful development, and towards the construction of a harmonious world.

在由驻华非洲外交团体举行的宴会上，他表示，中非之间的持续合作是有约束的，约束中国走和平发展的道路与和谐世界的构建。

There is explicit solution order to every graph node in directed constraint graph.

通过对尺寸的识别与理解，实现尺寸之间的隐含关联约束到被约束实体之间的映射。

The Mixed Discrete variable Complex Programming method is used to solute the mathematical model of oil pipeline.

该方法可以根据所求解问题的规模、目标函数和约束函数的形态和复杂程度，在运算过程中对所输出的信息进行人工干预或改变计算策略，把程序的机械运行和使用者的智慧融合在一起，有效灵活地解决离散变量约束非线性

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