纤维镜

Methods:95 patients with laryngeal diseases were examed and treated by computer laryngoscopy and the images of larygoscopy were analyzed by computer.

采用自行开发的电脑软件处理分析图像，对95例喉部疾病患者进行电脑纤维喉镜检查及治疗。

Objective: To explore bronchofibroscopic bronchusalveolus lavage in the treatment of pulmonary infection of the disease effect.

目的：探讨纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗术在治疗肺部感染性疾病的疗效。

Methods 30 cases of complicated urinary tract calculi were treated with combination of pneumatic lithotrity eholedoehofiberseope.

目的探讨气压弹道碎石配合纤维胆道镜在治疗肾复杂性结石手术中的临床疗效及应用价值。

The combination of pneumatic lithotrity and choledochofiberscope in treating complicated urinary tract calculi has little injury, not residual calculi, quick recovery, short hospital stay, and few complication.

结论在肾复杂性结石开放性手术中，通过肾盂切口，利用气压弹道碎石配合纤维软性胆道镜治疗，具有损伤小、结石无残留、恢复快、住院时间短及并发症少等优点，是一种安全高效的方法。

Results One case with infantile onset had macrocephaly. The CT scan and MRI showedprominent low-density white matter throughout the cerebral hemispheres. MRI showed prominent also increased T2 signal in the periventricular whitematter. Another patient had an onset at school-age. The CT scan demonstrated brain atrophy. Histological examination on brain biopsy revealed diffuse demyelination and fibrous gliosis.

结果1例婴儿期起病者头颅大，CT扫描示前额明显的广泛性脑白质密度减低特征，MRI示脑室旁白质T2高信号；另1例学龄期起病，CT扫描显示脑萎缩，脑活检光镜下发现脱髓鞘和胶质细胞增生，电镜下观察到大量Rosenthal纤维及不规则的颗粒状沉积物。

Results:In the BRE group,the MAD was significantly lower and the SOD significantly highter than which of BLM group,and the degree of fibrosis was more mitigative than BLM group when examined by microscope,similar to that in the DXM group.

结果：灯盏花素注射液组与地塞米松注射液组结果相似，与博莱霉素组相比，肺组织SOD升高，MDA下降，光镜和电镜结果提示肺纤维化程度减轻。

After surgery,all patients had SpO2 somewhat declined.6 had lung infection.6 were removed of bronchial secretion by bronchoscope.2 were supported by ventilator by using intubation.2 underwent tracheotomy.1 had disturbances of acidbase balance and treated by using hydrochloric acid muriatic acid.

术后所有病人PaO2均有不同程度的下降，6例出现肺部感染，6例行纤维支气管镜吸痰，2例通过气管插管给予呼吸机支持，2例行气管切开术，1例酸碱平衡紊乱使用盐酸精氨酸治疗。

objective to discuss perioperative complication and management of patient with high risk copd following esophagectomy.methods 45 patients with high risk copd underwent esophagectomy with epidural block combined with general anesthesia.perioperative treatment included smoking cessation,chest physiotherapy,prevention and control of infection of air way and appropriate bronchodilators of air way,breathing exercises,nutrition support and oxygen therapy.painkiller was instilled after surgery,early exercises,ensuring unobstruction of the air way,mechanical ventilation was applied when needed.results 3 had hypoxaemia in operation.after surgery,all patients had spo2 somewhat declined.6 had lung infection.6 were removed of bronchial secretion by bronchoscope.2 were supported by ventilator by using intubation.2 underwent tracheotomy.1 had disturbances of acid base balance and treated by using hydrochloric acid muriatic acid.all patients recovered rather smoothly and discharged from hospital.conclusion high risk copd is not the absolute contraindication of esophagectomy.active management before and after surgery ensures the safety and recovery of patients.

目的 探讨重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病简称慢阻肺病人食管切除术围手术期常见并发症及其处理。方法 45例重度慢阻肺的病人在全麻联合硬膜外阻滞下进行开胸食管切除手术，围手术期处理包括术前戒烟、胸部理疗、预防和控制呼吸道感染、解痉化痰、呼吸功能锻炼、营养支持和氧疗；术后硬膜外镇痛、早期锻炼、保持呼吸道通畅，部分病人予以呼吸支持。结果术中3例出现低氧血症。术后所有病人pao2均有不同程度的下降，6例出现肺部感染，6例行纤维支气管镜吸痰，2例通过气管插管给予呼吸机支持，2例行气管切开术，1例酸碱平衡紊乱使用盐酸精氨酸治疗。所有病人均痊愈出院。结论重度慢阻肺病人并非开胸食管切除手术的绝对禁忌证，积极的术前准备和严格的术后管理可减少和控制术后急性发作，有助于确保此类病人的围手术期安全和康复。

Methods The pharynges in 43 sleeping patients with OSAS were examined endoscopically.

纤维喉镜检查43例睡眠OSAS患者咽腔。

In the 8 cases monitored with both MRI and fiberoptic pharyngoscopy, the results obtained from the 2 methods were identical. Conclusion MRI and fiberoptic pharyngoscopy are useful in locating the pharyngeal airway obstruction sites of OSAS patients and would be helpful in selecting treatment measures.

结果 MRI检查15例患者，发现仅有RP区阻塞者3例，仅有RG区阻塞者2例（均为悬雍型腭咽成形术后患者），另外10例患者同时有RP和RG区阻塞。8例患者进行睡眠状态下纤维鼻咽喉镜检查者，除1例外检查结果与MRI检查相符合。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。