纤维软骨

Osteosarcoma ; Osteoblast ; Chondroblast ; Fibroblast ; Primitive mcsenchymal cell ; Multinucleated giant cell

骨肉瘤；骨母细胞；软骨母细胞；纤维母细胞；原始间叶细胞；多核巨细胞

Prior studies examined the effects of mechanical loading on osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and fibrogenesis in an effort to enhance bony union.

以前的研究检测了加强骨愈合过程中，机械负荷对成骨作用、软骨形成和纤维形成的影响。

Objective: To study proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells affected by different concentration of bFGF ,and influenced by bFGF with TGF-β 1 in vitro. To evaluate chondrogenesis of MSCs affected by growth factors and time.

目的：研究碱性成纤维生长因子的不同浓度及同转化生长因子(TGF-β_1)联合作用，对兔间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal Stem Cells，MSCs)增殖的影响，研究不同因子和培养时间对兔MSCs体外软骨形成的影响。

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gross observation showed that there were many chondroid tissues in the experimental group and fibrous tissues in the control and black groups.

结果与结论：大体观察可见实验组材料有类软骨样组织生长，而对照组和空白组则仅见纤维组织生长。

At 4 weeks following implantation, cells on the surface of coralline hydroxyapatite were found and connective tissues were seen in the material pores in the experimental group. Cells on the coralline hydroxyapatite were observed only in the control group. At 8 weeks, new bone formation was detected on the surface of coralline hydroxyapatite; bony tissue deposition and a few chondroid tissues were found in the pores or surrounding the pores in the experimental group. A few fibrous connective tissues were observed in the control group. At 12 weeks, abundant mature woven bone was detected on the surface of coralline hydroxyapatite; medullary cavity-like structure and vessels were found in some regions in the experimental group. No new bone or bony tissues were found in the control group.

植入材料后4周，实验组可见珊瑚羟基磷灰石表面有细胞生长，孔隙内有结缔组织长入；对照组仅见珊瑚羟基磷灰石表面有细胞生长。8周时珊瑚羟基磷灰石表面有新生骨形成，孔隙内和孔隙边缘可见骨样组织沉积和少量软骨样组织形成；对照组仅见少量纤维结缔组织长入。12周时珊瑚羟基磷灰石材料表面有较多成熟编织骨形成，部分区域可见髓腔样结构形成，并有血管长入；对照组仍未见新骨及骨样组织形成。

RESULTS: Four weeks following repair, CT showed that callus formation appeared in coronal skull defects. 3D reconstruction still demonstrated some defects. Hematoxylin and eosin staining displayed defects were fibrous connective tissue, with the presence of chondroid tissues.

结果：修复后4周，冠状位CT显示颅骨缺损区可见骨痂形成，三维重建仍显示有缺损；标本苏木精-伊红染色显示缺损为纤维结缔组织，并有软骨样组织形成，Mallory三色染色标本呈淡蓝色。

Mallory trichrism staining exhibited light blue samples. Eight weeks following repair, CT showed round blunt defect edges in the coronal position, which had bony pustute connection with gel materials. Density at the defect region significantly increased. 3D reconstruction suggested that defects became small. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, abundant fibrous connective tissue appeared in defect regions, with bony tissues. Mallory trichrism staining revealed that maroon mature bone tissues were found, surrounded by light blue chondroid tissues.

修复后8周，冠状位CT显示缺损边缘圆钝，与凝胶材料有骨性突起连接，缺损处密度增高明显，三维重建显示缺损范围较之前有所减小；标本苏木精-伊红染色后缺损部可见大量含血管成分的纤维结缔组织，有骨样组织结构形成，Mallory三色染色显示有褐红色成熟骨组织形成，其旁边有淡蓝色软骨样组织。

Mallory trichrism staining exhibited light blue samples. Eight weeks following repair, CT showed round blunt defect edges in the coronal position, which had bony pustute connection with gel materials. Density at the defect region significantly increased. 3D reconstruction suggested that defects became small. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, abundant fibrous connective tissue appeared in defect regions, with bony tissues. Mallory trichrism staining revealed that maroon mature bone tissues were found, surrounded by light blue chondroid tissues. Twelve weeks following repair, coronal defect regions were filled with callus. 3D reconstruction showed that defects were repaired. Defect region and surrounding bony tissues had bony connection, with thick bone trabecula and mature Haversian system.

修复后8周，冠状位CT显示缺损边缘圆钝，与凝胶材料有骨性突起连接，缺损处密度增高明显，三维重建显示缺损范围较之前有所减小；标本苏木精－伊红染色后缺损部可见大量含血管成分的纤维结缔组织，有骨样组织结构形成，Mallory三色染色显示有褐红色成熟骨组织形成，其旁边有淡蓝色软骨样组织修复后12周，冠状位CT显示缺损区基本被骨痂填满，三维重建示缺损基本修复；缺损区域和周围骨组织形成骨性结合，骨小梁粗大，哈弗氏系统成熟。

Arthroscopic examination is useful in diagnosing the anterior disc displacement and perforation of temporomandibular joint and in finding the pathologic changes including synovitis,synovial hyperplasia,fibrillation, chondromalacia and adhision.

关节内窥镜检查可诊断关节盘前移位与关节盘穿孔，并能发现病理性改变，如滑膜炎，滑膜增生，纤维变性，软骨软化，关节内粘连等。

BACKGROUND: Chondrocytes in vitro cultured with traditional culture methods tend to dedifferentiate into fibroblasts through long-term serial subcultivation, which results in a terrible decrease in the number and activity of cells.

背景：传统培养方法体外培养的软骨细胞经长时间传代培养后往往去分化为成纤维细胞，导致细胞数量及活性下降。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。