纤维软骨

Objective Cartilage can be divided into three types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage,according to different proportion of extra-cellular matrix.

目的：根据软骨细胞外基质的成分不同，将软骨分为透明软骨、弹性软骨和纤维软骨三种类型。

There was a distinct regular tidemark line between fibrocartilage and mineralized fibrocartilage.

在纤维软骨和钙化纤维软骨之间可见清晰连续的"潮线"。

Objective:To describe the anatomic structure and characteristic of the component of the triangular fibrocartilage complex and evaluate the importance of the TFCC in maintaining the stability of the distal radioulnar joint.

目的从解剖完整的腕关节入手，阐明三角纤维软骨复合体各组成部分的解剖特点，评估三角纤维软骨复合体对于维持远侧桡尺关节稳定的重要性。

Results After lengthing, obviously histological variety was observed on the sections of condyloid process and intercondylar disc,but it could be repaired under 1mm/d distraction rate.

结果：牵张后大体观察可见关节盘无显著形态异常，髁状突有不同程度适应性改建；组织学主要表现为关节盘不同程度中带变薄，纤维走行改变，血管侵入，后带变厚；髁状突表现为纤维软骨组织形态学的改变和软骨、骨的改建活动，2mm/日组可见破坏现象发生。

The human cartilages are composed of chondrocyte and extracellular matrix,the form of chondrocytes are hypertrophy and the quantity are less;the ECM of cartilage are compised of type II collagen and proteoglycan. Articular cartilages are all hyaline with little fibers. Trauma and arthritis are the main cause of cartilage injury,the ommilayer injury ofcartilage can be recovered by marrow,but because of without stimulation mechanism,the new tissues are merely fibrocartilages,they can not be coincide with hyaline cartilage in menchanics;the purely damage of articular cartilage can not stimulate chondrocyte to regenerate because of without blood circulation,thus,the plerosis of articular catilage can not depend on the proliferation of local chondrocyte.Ever since,people tried their best to find a way to reconstruct articular cartilage.

造成人体关节软骨损伤的原因主要为创伤和关节炎，关节软骨全层损伤可由于骨髓中间充质干细胞的高速增殖修复，但这种修复由于缺乏相应的刺激机制，只能形成纤维软骨，而不能形成符合关节生理、力学要求的透明软骨；单纯软骨部分损伤软骨组织内无血管，软骨细胞迁移迟缓，无法使损伤区域软骨细胞再生，因此，关节炎及关节创伤后的软骨修复不能依赖于软骨细胞的增殖和迁移。

The human cartilages are composed of chondrocyte and extracellular matrix , the form of chondrocytes are hypertrophy and the quantity are less; the ECM of cartilage are compised of type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan. Articular cartilages are all hyaline with little fibers. Trauma and arthritis are the main cause of cartilage injury, the ommilayer injury ofcartilage can be recovered by marrow, but because of without stimulation mechanism, the new tissues are merely fibrocartilages, they can not be coincide with hyaline cartilage in menchanics; the purely damage of articular cartilage can not stimulate chondrocyte to regenerate because of without blood circulation, thus, the plerosis of articular catilage can not depend on the proliferation of local chondrocyte.

造成人体关节软骨损伤的原因主要为创伤和关节炎，关节软骨全层损伤可由于骨髓中间充质干细胞的高速增殖修复，但这种修复由于缺乏相应的刺激机制，只能形成纤维软骨，而不能形成符合关节生理、力学要求的透明软骨；单纯软骨部分损伤软骨组织内无血管，软骨细胞迁移迟缓，无法使损伤区域软骨细胞再生，因此，关节炎及关节创伤后的软骨修复不能依赖于软骨细胞的增殖和迁移。

The human cartilages are composed of chondrocyte and extracellular matrix , the form of chondrocytes are hypertrophy and the quantity are less; the ECM of cartilage are compised of type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan. Articular cartilages are all hyaline with little fibers. Trauma and arthritis are the main cause of cartilage injury, the ommilayer injury ofcartilage can be recovered by marrow, but because of without stimulation mechanism, the new tissues are merely fibrocartilages, they can not be coincide with hyaline cartilage in menchanics; the purely damage of articular cartilage can not stimulate chondrocyte to regenerate because of without blood circulation, thus, the plerosis of articular catilage can not depend on the proliferation of local chondrocyte. Ever since, people tried their best to find a way to reconstruct articular cartilage.

中文题名人骨髓基质干细胞成软骨诱导及多孔复合材料作为细胞载体的体外实验研究副题名外文题名 Cartilage induction of human mesenchymal stem cells and experiment on compound porous materials as cells' scaffold in vitro 论文作者刘晓岚导师周江南学科专业外科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中南大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数68页关键词骨组织工程软骨细胞骨髓基质干细胞壳聚糖高分子外消旋聚乳酸馆藏号BSLW /2003 /R68 /10 造成人体关节软骨损伤的原因主要为创伤和关节炎，关节软骨全层损伤可由于骨髓中间充质干细胞的高速增殖修复，但这种修复由于缺乏相应的刺激机制，只能形成纤维软骨，而不能形成符合关节生理、力学要求的透明软骨；单纯软骨部分损伤软骨组织内无血管，软骨细胞迁移迟缓，无法使损伤区域软骨细胞再生，因此，关节炎及关节创伤后的软骨修复不能依赖于软骨细胞的增殖和迁移。

In conclusion, during the development of the mandibule, condylar cartilage derived from MSMPs at the end of the body mandibule. It can evolve into fibrocartilage cytes on appropriate condition and regenerate fibrocartilage provided with proper the three-dimension scaffold materials.

综上所述，下颌发育过程中，髁突软骨来源于下颌体部末端的骨膜间质细胞，此间质细胞在适当的条件下即可向纤维软骨细胞分化，并且此间质细胞在适当的三维支架中可再生纤维软骨。

It is further confirmed by the experiment of muti-inducement that MSMPs can differentiate into osteocyte sand fibrocartilage cytes and it is osteo-chondro progenitor cells with the potential ability to evolve muti-differentiated. This added evidence to the view that condylar cartilage differentiated from osteo-chondro progenitor cells in the mesenchymal cells of mancibular periosteal.

体外分离培养鼠胚下颌体骨膜间质细胞并研究其生物学特性，通过多向诱导实验进一步证实：下颌骨膜间质细胞可能为骨—软骨的前体细胞，可分化为成骨细胞及纤维软骨细胞，具有多向分化潜能，此结果进一步支持髁突软骨是由下颌骨膜间质中骨—软骨前体细胞发育而来。

In contrast, growth plate cartilage is primary cartilage and is made up of hyaline cartilage.

下颌髁突软骨是继发性软骨，由纤维软骨构成；生长板软骨为原发性软骨，由透明软骨构成。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！