纤维素酶

The main component of ramie glial was pectin, hemicellulose and lignin; The single factor on degumming of ramie test was respectively analyzed with a high vigorous of pectinase KDN and TZ-888 compound enzyme （mainly xylanase and mannanase on the pH value, bath ratio, dosage of enzyme, metal ions, temperature and time.The orthogonal test of L9（34 were done by bath ratio, dosage of enzyme, temperature and time. The results showed that the best compages of KDN pectinase on degumming was 1∶12 of bath ratio,pH 8.6,1 mmol/L Mg2+,300 IU/g of KDN pectinase,35℃、6 h;the best compages of TZ-888 compound enzyme on degumming was 1∶18 of bath ratio,pH 4.0,1 mmol/L Ca2+, 500 IU/g of TZ-888 compound enzyme,45 ℃,6 h.

摘 要：本研究根据苎麻胶质的主要成分为果胶、半纤维素和木质素，用高活性的KDN果胶酶和TZ-888复合酶（主要是木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶）从pH值、浴比、酶用量、金属离子、温度、脱胶时间等方面进行单因素试验，然后选取影响显著的浴比、酶用量、温度，时间进行四因素三水平的脱胶试验，结果表明鲜麻采用KDN果胶酶脱胶最佳组合为浴比1：18，pH 8.6， 1 mmoL/L Mg2+，酶用量300 IU/g，温度35 ℃、时间6 h时处理，TZ-888复合酶脱胶最佳组为浴比1：12，pH 4.0， 1 mmoL/L Ca2+，酶用量500 IU/g，温度45 ℃，时间6 h进行脱胶为优化的试验条件。

The main component of ramie glial was pectin, hemicellulose and lignin; The single factor on degumming of ramie test was respectively analyzed with a high vigorous of pectinase KDN and TZ-888 compound enzyme （mainly xylanase and mannanase on the pH value, bath ratio, dosage of enzyme, metal ions, temperature and time.The orthogonal test of L9（34 were done by bath ratio, dosage of enzyme, temperature and time. The results showed that the best compages of KDN pectinase on dry ramie degumming was 1∶12 of bath ratio,pH 8.6,1 mmol/L Mg2+,20 IU/g of KDN pectinase,4℃、4h;the best compages of TZ-888 compound enzyme on degumming was 1∶18 of bath ratio,pH 4.0,1 mmol/L Ca2+, 300 IU/g of TZ-888 compound enzyme,40 ℃,5 h.

摘 要：本研究根据苎麻胶质的主要成分为果胶、半纤维素和木质素，用高活性的KDN果胶酶和TZ-888复合酶（主要是木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶）从pH值、浴比、酶用量、金属离子、温度、脱胶时间等方面进行单因素试验，然后选取影响显著的浴比、酶用量、温度，时间进行四因素三水平的脱胶试验，结果表明干苎麻采用KDN果胶酶脱胶最佳组合为浴比1：12，pH 8.6， 1 mmoL/L Mg2+，酶用量200 IU/g，温度45 ℃、时间4 h时处理，TZ-888复合酶脱胶最佳组为浴比1：18，pH 4.0， 1 mmoL/L Ca2+，酶用量300 IU/g，温度40 ℃，时间5h进行脱胶为优化的试验条件。

The biocatalyzed characters of the purified cellulases were investigated with the CMC-Na as substrate. The most appropriate catalyzed temprature for cellulase 1 is 60 "C,and 65 for cellulase 2. The two enzymes have the extreme stability at the temperatures no more than 50.The CMC-Na has the protective effect on the cellulase. The pH stability range of cellulase 1 is 4 ~ 8, and 6-9 for cellulase 2. Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Li+can ativate cellulase 1. K+, Li"1 can ativate cellulase 2. Cellulase 1 can mainly decompose CMC and salicin. Cellulase 2 can decompose not only CMC and salicin, but other substrates feebly.

以羧甲基纤维素为底物时，酶1的最适催化温度为60℃，酶2的最适催化温度为65℃，在50℃以下稳定性较好，底物对酶有较强的保护作用；酶1和酶2的最适pH分别为5.5和5.5～6.0，酶1的pH稳定性范围为4～8，酶2的稳定性范围为6～9；Zn~(2+)，Ca~(2+)，Mg~(2+)，K~+，Li~+对酶1有激活作用，K~+，Li~+对酶2有激活作用；酶1主要对CMC和水杨素有分解作用，对其它底物几乎不分解；酶2除了可以分解CMC和水杨素外，对其它底物也有微弱的分解作用。

Compared the lignin and cellulose level of these two kinds of transgenic tobacco, we found that the cellulose content increased and the lignin content deduced in transgenic tobacco transformed with Amorpha fruticosa UGPA constructs, both the cellulose content and the lignin content increased in transgenic tobacco transformed with Acetobacter xylinum UGPA constructs.

结果表明，两种转基因烟草的尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶的活性均有明显提高；转紫穗槐UGPA基因的烟草纤维素含量有所提高，木质素含量略有降低，纤维素与木质素含量之大连理工大学博士学位论文比提高；而转木醋酸菌来源的UGPase基因的烟草木质素含量和纤维素含量均显著提高。

The method takes microcrystalline cellulose as affinity column chromatographic medium of Beta-glucosaccharase; under low temperature and anacid condition, the sample of Beta-glucosaccharase is loaded and specifically adsorbed to the microcrystalline column, and then the concentration of NaCl is increased to elute the enzyme, so as to achieve high-efficient and economic separation and purification.

本方法以微晶纤维素作为β-葡萄糖苷酶的亲和柱层析介质，在低温和微酸性条件下，将β-葡萄糖苷酶上样并特异性吸附于微晶纤维素柱，然后再通过增加NaCl浓度的方法将该酶洗脱，从而达到其高效而经济分离纯化的目的。

MC and HPMC are both non-ionic,and etherified products of cellulose.They have functions such as thickening,emulsionizing,filming,water-maintaining,colloid-protecting,bonding,antienzyming,metabotic indifference and so on.They are applied widely in the fields of building,milkness paint,medcine,PVC,chemical articles,ceramics and agriculture.

甲基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素均属非离子纤维素醚，是纤维素的醚化产品，具有优良的增稠、乳化、成膜、保护胶体、保持水份、粘合、抗酶以及代谢惰性等性能，广泛应用于建筑、乳胶涂料、医药、PVC、日用化学品、陶瓷以及农业生产中。

Several of the bacteria (B2, Q1), fungi (W9) and action mycetes (H1), which were with the high activity of decomposition of cellulose ,were isolated from the rotten wood from secondary forest areas of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and they were mixed with carboxy methyl cellulose-Na and filter paper etc to research the effect of the type of carbon and culturing time on the activity of the decomposition enzyme of cellulose.

方法］利用分离的几株来源于云贵高原地区次生林朽木中具有较高纤维素分解活性的细菌(B2、Q1)、真菌(W9)与放线菌(H1)分别和混合发酵纤维素羧甲基纤维素钠和滤纸等底物，研究碳源种类、培养时间对纤维素分解酶活的影响。

Schizophyllum commune AS 5.391 can produce CDH and the CDH production is induced by cellulosic substrates. Cotton is the best inducer for CDH production.The lignin model compound veratryl alcohlo has no effect on CDH production.

裂褶菌 Schizophyllum commune AS 5.391可以合成纤维二糖脱氢酶，CDH的合成受底物的诱导，在以纤维素为底物的培养基中才能合成该酶，随着纤维素结晶度的增加诱导作用也越强，以棉花的为最好。

The relative contents of celluloses and hemicellulose were decreased from 27.1% to 13.1% and from 20.3% to 11.9% respectively after enzymolysis for 6d.

黄孢原毛平革菌培养12d时LiP酶活达到最大值11.3u/g，15d时Lac酶活达到最大值0.0992u/g，秸秆降解集中在10-20d间，第25d时菌解结束，干基总损失率为18.94%；再经过6d的酶解，纤维素、半纤维素的相对含量分别从27.1%，20.3%下降到13.1%，11.9%。

The soil microorganisms quantities, microbial diversity index, microbial biomass carbon and the cellulose decomposition strength significantly reduced with increasing of heavy metal concentration, but the soil basal respiration rate were positively enhanced. The soil urease, alkaline phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase in the lead zinc mining area were sensitive. The invertase and catalase were not obvious inhibited to the heavy metals.

该矿区土壤微生物区系组成和微生物活性显著不同于临近非矿区土壤，随着重金属含量的增加，土壤微生物数量、微生物多样性指数、微生物生物量碳以及纤维素分解强度均显著降低，但土壤基础呼吸却明显升高；土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶对铅锌矿较为敏感，而蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶受到的抑制作用不明显。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。